Verse:Irta/Icelandic Gaelic: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 03:56, 19 December 2022

Gaelic + Inuit + Hivantish + English

Greekify Irish slender consonants

Inuit words subject to Irishy sound changes

word order is more flexible than in Old Irish

Capital: Daomaist, from Hivantish "Dymuwistu" <- dhuHmo-h2westu

Preserves Old Irish /θ ð/

"What if Old Irish became a Balkan sprachbund language, losing infinitives etc."

Morphology

Nouns

Preserves a lot of case inflection in suffixed indefinite articles, via a suffixed áirithe "certain"

Possessive suffices from OIr emphatic clitics? "his" is (lenition)--san

nom sg. ech áirithe > echar 'a horse'
gen sg. eich áirithi > eichri
prep sg. euch áirithiu > echru
acc sg. euch n-áirithe > echna
nom pl eich áirithi > eichri
gen pl ech n-áirithe > echna
prep pl echaibh
acc pl echu h-áirithi > echuhar

Definite nouns get the OIr definite article mutations (with no preposed article) + -a(i)s:

nom sg t-echsa 'the horse'
gen sg eichse
prep sg echsa
acc sg n-echsa
voc sg a eich!
nom pl eichse
gen pl n-echsa
prep pl echaibhse
acc pl h-echus
voc pl a echu!

o-stem masc.

nom sg. echar
gen sg. eichri
prep sg. echru
acc sg. echna
nom pl eichri
gen pl echna
prep pl echaibh
acc pl echur
nom sg t-echsa
gen sg eichse
prep sg echsa
acc sg n-echsa
voc sg a eich!
nom pl eichse
gen pl n-echsa
prep pl echaibhse
acc pl h-echus
voc pl a echu!

ā-stem fem.

nom sg túathar
gen sg túaither
prep sg túaithri
acc sg túathnai
nom pl túathár
gen pl túathna
dat pl túathaib
acc pl túathár

Verbs

Preserves object prefixes but simplifies them; only conjunct and prototonic forms are used for most verbs

no-m-(L), no-t-(L), n-a-(N), no-s-(N), no-n-, no-bh-, no-s(N)- (no- can be replaced with another preverb e.g. ní-)

Get object incorportaion from focused objects?

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Irish in the [[Albionian]] timeline''' has absorbed significant Slavic (e.g. [[Albionian]]) influence, and Slavic elements even penetrated grammar and grammatical morphemes.
+Gaelic + Inuit + Hivantish + English
-==History==
-The Protestant Reformation culminated in the establishment of a form of Protestantism as the state religion of Albion, and Albionian became associated with Protestantism. In response, the Catholic Church promoted the Irish language and Irish nationalism in Ireland as part of its Counter-Reformation program, which involved associating Catholicism and anti-Albionian sentiment with Irish national identity. The program attempted to purify the Irish language by removing Slavic words and morphology and incorporate Old Irish elements. However, the purism was not entirely successful, as Slavic had already penetrated deep into the function words and grammatical morphology.
-==Todo==
+Greekify Irish slender consonants
-''beidbhéid'' (m) = bear (from Slavic, plus ''mh/bh'' confusion)
-Default verbing suffix is ''-uaigh'' (''-uaim, -uair, -uann sé, -uaimid, -uaithid, -uann siad'', verbnoun ''-ú'' or colloquially ''-uainí''), from Slavic ''-ovati'' verbs
+Inuit words subject to Irishy sound changes
-*e.g. ''companuaigh'' = to compose music (From Albionian ''componowaṫ'')
-==Nouns==
+word order is more flexible than in Old Irish
-The neuter gender and dative plural ''-aibh'' is preserved but there are fewer declension classes. The nominative plural of masculines and feminines is uniformly ''-(a)i'' /ɪ/ (by Slavic influence) and plural of neuters is usually ''-a''.
-The indefinite article is ''den'' (from ''den'' 'from the' + Slavic *edìn 'one'); it or lack thereof is part of the case/number/gender declension.
+Capital: Daomaist, from Hivantish "Dymuwistu" <- dhuHmo-h2westu
-{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
+Preserves Old Irish /θ ð/
-|-
-!
-! colspan=2| ''fear'' (m.) = man
-! colspan=2| ''stránca'' (f.) = bulletin board
-! colspan=2| ''sceul'' (n.) = story, news
-|-
-!
-!singular
-!plural
-!singular
-!plural
-!singular
-!plural
-|-
-|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
-|''den fear''<br/>''an fear'' ||''fearai''<br/>''ant fearai''
-|''dent stránca''<br/>''ant stránca'' ||''stráncai''<br/>''na stráncai''
-|''den sceul''<br/>''an sceul''  ||''sceula''<br/>''na sceula''
-|-
-|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
-|''dent fhear''<br/>''ant fhear''  ||''fear''<br/>''na bhfearaibh''
-|''dena stránca''<br/>''na stránca'' ||''stránca''<br/>''na stráncaibh''
-|''dent sceul''<br/>''ant sceul'' ||''sceul''<br/>''na sceulaibh''
-|-
-|align="right" |'''Prepositional'''
-|''dent fear''<br/>''ant fear''  ||''fearaibh''<br/>''na fearaibh''
-|''dent stránca''<br/>''ant stránca'' ||''stráncaibh''<br/>''na stráncaibh''
-|''dent sceul''<br/>''ant sceul'' ||''sceulaibh''<br/>''na sceulaibh''
-|}
-Neuter nouns that end in long vowels decline as follows:
+"What if Old Irish became a Balkan sprachbund language, losing infinitives etc."
-{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
+==Morphology ==
-|-
+=== Nouns ===
-!
+Preserves a lot of case inflection in suffixed indefinite articles, via a suffixed ''áirithe'' "certain"
-! colspan=2| ''staibhiní'' (n.) = office
-|-
-!
-!singular
-!plural
-|-
-|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
-|''den staibhiní''<br/>''an staibhiní''  ||''staibhiní''<br/>''na staibhiní''
-|-
-|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
-|''dent staibhiní''<br/>''ant staibhiní'' ||''staibhiní''<br/>''na staibhiníbh''
-|-
-|align="right" |'''Prepositional'''
-|''dent staibhiní''<br/>''ant staibhiní'' ||''staibhiníbh''<br/>''na staibhiníbh''
-|}
-Adjectives do not inflect for case, number or gender (ignoring initial mutation):
+Possessive suffices from OIr emphatic clitics? "his" is (lenition)--san
-{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
+*nom sg. ''ech áirithe'' > ''echar'' 'a horse'
-|-
+*gen sg. ''eich áirithi'' > ''eichri''
-!
+*prep sg. ''euch áirithiu'' > ''echru''
-! colspan=2| After masculine
+*acc sg. ''euch n-áirithe'' > ''echna''
-! colspan=2| After feminine
+*nom pl ''eich áirithi'' > ''eichri''
-! colspan=2| After neuter
+*gen pl ''ech n-áirithe'' > ''echna''
-|-
+*prep pl ''echaibh''
-!
+*acc pl ''echu h-áirithi'' > ''echuhar''
-!singular
+Definite nouns get the OIr definite article mutations (with no preposed article) + -a(i)s:
-!plural
+* nom sg ''t-echsa'' 'the horse'
-!singular
+* gen sg ''eichse''
-!plural
+* prep sg ''echsa''
-!singular
+* acc sg ''n-echsa''
-!plural
+* voc sg ''a eich!''
-|-
+* nom pl ''eichse''
-|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
+* gen pl ''n-echsa''
-|''den fear '''b'''eag'' ||''fearai '''b'''eag''
+* prep pl ''echaibhse''
-|''dent stránca '''bh'''eag'' ||''stráncai '''b'''eag''
+* acc pl ''h-echus''
-|''den sceul '''mb'''eag''  ||''sceula '''bh'''eag''
+* voc pl ''a echu!''
-|-
+==== o-stem masc. ====
-|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
+*nom sg. ''echar''
-|''dent fhear '''bh'''eag''  ||''fear '''mb'''eag''
+*gen sg. ''eichri''
-|''dena stránca '''b'''eag'' ||''stránca '''mb'''eag''
+*prep sg. ''echru''
-|''dent sceul '''bh'''eag'' ||''sceul '''mb'''eag''
+*acc sg. ''echna''
-|-
+*nom pl ''eichri''
-|align="right" |'''Prepositional'''
+*gen pl ''echna''
-|''dent fear '''bh'''eag''  ||''fearaibh '''b'''eag''
+*prep pl ''echaibh''
-|''dent stránca '''bh'''eag'' ||''stráncaibh '''b'''eag''
+*acc pl ''echur''
-|''dent sceul '''bh'''eag'' ||''sceulaibh '''b'''eag''
+* nom sg ''t-echsa''
-|}
+* gen sg ''eichse''
-[[Category:Celtic languages]]
+* prep sg ''echsa''
+* acc sg ''n-echsa''
+* voc sg ''a eich!''
+* nom pl ''eichse''
+* gen pl ''n-echsa''
+* prep pl ''echaibhse''
+* acc pl ''h-echus''
+* voc pl ''a echu!''
+==== ā-stem fem. ====
+* nom sg ''túathar''
+* gen sg ''túaither''
+* prep sg ''túaithri''
+* acc sg ''túathnai''
+* nom pl ''túathár''
+* gen pl ''túathna''
+* dat pl ''túathaib''
+* acc pl ''túathár''
+=== Verbs ===
+Preserves object prefixes but simplifies them; only conjunct and prototonic forms are used for most verbs
+* no-m-(L), no-t-(L), n-a-(N), no-s-(N), no-n-, no-bh-, no-s(N)- (no- can be replaced with another preverb e.g. ní-)
+Get object incorportaion from focused objects?

Verse:Irta/Icelandic Gaelic: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 03:56, 19 December 2022

Contents

Morphology

Nouns

o-stem masc.

ā-stem fem.

Verbs

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Verse:Irta/Icelandic Gaelic: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 03:56, 19 December 2022

Morphology

Nouns

o-stem masc.

ā-stem fem.

Verbs

Navigation menu

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