Verse:Mwail/Qocwane: Difference between revisions

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+'''Qocwane''' (''Qocwanet vŷŷxxŷcê'') is the official language of Qocwane, located in our timeline's Hungary. It is inspired by Finnish, Wakashan languages, Salishan languages, and Nuosu.
-==Diachronics==
+== Phonology ==
-TODO: cluster reflexes
+=== Suprasegmentals ===
+Qocwane prosody is almost the same as Finnish; stress always falls on the first syllable.
+=== Consonants ===
+* /m n l ʋ j w/ '''m n l v j w'''
+* /p t ts tɬ k kʷ ʔ/ '''p t z x c cw q'''
+* /f s ɬ x xʷ h/ '''f s ł ç çw h'''
+/k x/ palatalize in words with ATR harmony and may uvularize in words with RTR harmony.
-Waaay before Grimm's law, thus b p were still voiced and tenuis stops > p + low resp. high tone classes
+'''mm nn ll vv jj ww pp tt zz xx cc ccw qq''' are the only allowed geminates in native words.
-Khmmerization BEFORE tone split
+=== Vowels ===
+Qocwane has 8 vowel qualities, all with vowel length.
+{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
+!rowspan=2 colspan=2|
+! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Front
+! scope="col" colspan=2 | Non-front
+|-
+! scope="col" | <small>unrounded</small>
+! scope="col" | <small>rounded</small>
+|-
+! scope="row" rowspan=2 | Syllabic<br />consonant
+! scope="row" | <small>loose</small>
+|
+| z̩ '''ŷ'''
+|
+|-
+! scope="row" | <small>tight</small>
+|
+| z̠̩ '''y'''
+|
+|-
+! scope="row" | Close
+! scope="row" | <small>loose</small>
+| i{{lowered}} '''ê'''
+| ə{{adv}} '''â'''
+| u{{lowered}} '''ô'''
+|-
+! Open-mid
+! rowspan="2" |<small>tight</small>
+| ɛ '''e'''
+|
+| ɔ '''o'''
+|-
+! scope="row" | Open
+|
+| ɑ '''a'''
+|
+|}
-Numbers: thon, rà, tziêu, khuốc, wượr, tai /θɔn, ra, tsiəw, χuək, wɚ:, tai/
+Qocwane has loose/tight vowel harmony:
+* loose: '''ŷ ŵ ê â ô'''
+* tight: '''y w e a o'''
-whếp = light
+Diphthongs: '''ea êâ oa ôâ ae âê ao âô'''
-whì = dust
+'''â(â)''' /ə(:)/ is realized as [œ(:)] when stressed.
-Rhìa whươn mì Whền Whết = I live in Whehli (means something different with different tones)
+''oa'' is often realized as [ɔ:]
-lieb "to put" ~ lliệm
+<!--The syllabic consonants y(r) u(r) are essentially the usual Sinological vowels ɿ ʮ, so ⟨y⟩ can be identified with the vowel of the Mandarin 四 sì "four", but they have diverse realizations. Y(r) completely assimilates to a preceding coronal except in voice, e.g. /ɕz̩˨˩/ [ɕʑ̩˨˩] ꑮ xyp "to marry", and is [m͡l̩] after a labial nasal, e.g. /m̥z̩˧sz̩˧/ [m̥m͡l̩˧sɹ̩˧] ꂪꌦ hmy sy "cloth". U(r) assimilates similarly after laterals, retaining its rounding, e.g. /l̥v̩ʷ˧/ [l̥l̩ʷ˧] ꆭ hlu "to stir-fry", and is [m̩ʷ] after a labial nasal, e.g. /m̥v̩ʷ˧/ [m̥m̩ʷ˧] ꂥ hmu "mushroom"; moreover it induces a labially trilled release of preceding labial or alveolar stops, e.g. /ⁿdv̩ʷ˨˩/ [ⁿdʙβ̩˨˩] ꅥ ndup "to hit". -->
-dưan tlẹ = to thank in Ciêng?
+== Morphophonology ==
+Qocwane words participate in consonant gradation:
-tlẹ could be cognate to tănlea "to refuse", dưan is cognate to Windermere şän
+strong -> weak
+* geminates -> nongeminates
+* p -> f
+* f -> v
+* t -> ł
+* ł -> l
+* z -> s
+* s -> h
+* x -> ł
+* c -> ç
+* cw -> çw
+* ç -> j
+* çw -> w
+* q -> 0
-khổi = reflexive pronoun
+== Grammar ==
+Finnic-like
+=== Nouns ===
+to 10 cases, normal nom-acc alignment
-thỏi = learn (~ snoach)
+TODO
+[weak grade]-l = nom pl
+[weak grade]-t = gen sg
-rêng = net
-truồng = long
+naaqe 'human’, naaet 'human-GEN’, naael 'human-PL'
-===Final + tone reflexes===
-*-p < PAsh -b
-*-b *-d *-g should fricativize and become tones, not *-p *-t, *-k
-*snoach ~ thộc  (snòχ < *snòk in Classical Wdm)
-*ăwoch ~ wốc "bone"
-==Phonology==
-===Consonants===
-'''m n nr ng''' /m n (retro n) ŋ/
-'''p t tr tl c qu''' /p t tʂ tl k kw ʔ/ (/ʔ/ not written)
-'''ph th kh wh''' /f θ χ χw/
-'''z s rh ll h''' /s ʃ r̥ ɬ h/
-'''tz ts''' /ts tʃ/
-'''w r l j''' /w r l ʒ/
--w- is an onglide
-===Vowels===
-'''ă a â e ê i o ô u ư ao eo êu aư ai oi ôi ia/iê iêu ua/uô uôi ăr ar er ir or ur âr''' /a ɑ: ɜ ɛ e~ɪ~ɛɪ i~ɪj ɔ əʊ~əʏ u: ɨ: aʊ ɛʊ eʊ aʏ aɪ ɔɪ oɪ iə iəw uə uəj æɹ ɒɹ eɹ iɹ oɹ oɹ əɹ/
-===Tones===
-tones of Viet
-==Sample text==
-===UDHR===
-{{col-begin}}
-{{col-break}}
-Ciêng
-Sồn khổ sây àng khèn wỗi tề tưr thến mì pòi rhành tề mốc sin. Tzôr jánh llao ngá phuộng long tề ngá mông lla, àng thwàr nạt tzôr tsó thon sa whảy mì rhuỗr dàư khung tweng.
-{{col-break}}
-Ciêng Gloss
-all person are_born then free bone and equal same in state dignity and get right. they receive down ability reason and ability think back, and must SUBJ they work act one to other in heart of love fellow
-{{col-break}}
-[[Windermere|Modern Wdm.]]
-Tsor croth fa ășeal pluam te thür mis hăltsăbas tes imłin. Ănam hac răfongüe yas hălpăthin tes hălslith'a, te pdar thușnoa e nam tănse fidoan măceaf nătha mis șăgor hălchăsräf.
-{{col-break}}
-English
-All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
-{{col-end}}
-[[Category:Tricin]][[Category:Lakovic languages]]
-[[Category:Languages]]