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== Dialect Table ==
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg"
|+ '''Minhast Superdialects and Dialects'''
|-
! Superdialect
! Dialect
! scope='col' style="width: 325px;" | Region/Prefecture/District
! Distinguishing Features
|-
! rowspan="8" | Upper Minhast
! Horse Speaker
| Umbarak, Hayreb, Nanampuyyi, Wattare, Saxtam, Gannasia Prefectures; <br/>
Kattek (Horse Speaker portion of NCR, approx 50%)
| Fossilized suffix ''-ūy'' realized as ''-uyyi''
|-
! Salmon Speaker
| Hittaħm, Iskamharat, Tuhattam, Perim-Sin, Gaššarat. Ruyāya Prefectures; <br/>
Iyyūmi (Salmon Speaker portion of NCR, approx 40%)
| Fossilized suffix ''-ūy'' preserved
|-
! Wolf Speaker
| Ešked,Attum Attar, Tayyagur, Rakwar, Tabuk Prefectures
| Fossilized suffix ''-ūy'' preserved
|-
! Dog Speaker
| Hisašarum, Way, Išpa, Warat, Tabbakun, Neweyya, Uħpar, Nikwat, Salabūr, Tawāheb Prefectures
| Fossilized suffix ''-ūy'' realized as ''-uyye''
|-
! Bear Speaker
| Tannumay, Puyya Prefectures
| Fossilized suffix ''-ūy'' realized as ''-uyya''
|-
! Fox Speaker
| Kardam, Eħħar  Prefectures
| Fossilized suffix ''-ūy'' realized as ''-uyye''
|-
! Elk Speaker
| Meti, Attuar, Essak Prefectures
| Fossilized suffix ''-ūy'' realized as ''-ūwe''
|-
! Seal Speaker
| Pinda, Rukpu  Prefectures
| Fossilized suffix ''-ūy'' realized as ''-ūwi''
|-
! rowspan="4" | Lower Minhast
! Gull Speaker
| Kissamut, Tur'akkam, Senzil, Rēgum Prefectures; <br/>
Bayburim, Taliwāz, Urgabal, Tantanay, Nuwway, Kitamta, Antuwe, Sašlar (South Coast Colonies)
| Fossilized suffix ''-ūy'' realized as ''-we'', ''-ia''
|-
! Osprey Speaker
| Uyyuš, Arinak, Naggiriyan, Nāz
| Fossilized suffix ''-ūy'' realized as ''-ia''
|-
! Egret Speaker
| Nentue, Isku 
| Fossilized suffix ''-ūy'' realized as ''-ia''
|-
! Stone Speaker
| Sakkeb, Neskud,Yaxparim, Izgilbāš, Zurzugul, Higbilan, Narpaz
| Fossilized suffix ''-ūy'' realized as ''-ia'', ''-ie''
|}
<!--
Use this class: "class="bluetable lightbluebg""<br/><br/>
Use this variant of the above class to create collapsible tables:  class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible"
-->
=Nankore Vowel IPA Template =
{| class="IPA" cellspacing="0px" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:center; background:none;"
|- style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller;"
|style="padding-bottom:3px;"| &nbsp;
| style="width: 60px;" | '''Front'''
| style="width: 60px; word-spacing: -.3em;" | '''Near- front'''
| style="width: 60px;" | '''Central'''
| style="width: 60px;word-spacing: -.3em;" | '''Near- back'''
| style="width: 60px;" | '''Back'''
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Close'''
| style="height: 210px;" colspan=5 rowspan=7 | <div style="position: relative;">[[File:Blank vowel trapezoid.svg|300px|link=]]<div style="background:none; position:absolute; top:0; left:0;">
{| style="position:relative; width:300px; height:210px; text-align:center; background:none;"
|-
| style="width:300px; height:210px; text-align:center; background:none; font-size:120%;"|
<!-- CLOSE VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 5%; width: 2.3em; top: 2%; background: white;">i</div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 43%; width: 3.1em; top: 2%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 85%; width: 2.3em; top: 2%; background: white;">ɯ · u</div>
<!-- NEAR-CLOSE VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 28%; width: 2.33em; top: 17%; background: white;">ɪ</div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 44%; width: 4em; top: 17%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 74%; width: 1.5em; top: 17%; background: white;"></div>
<!-- CLOSE-MID VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 16%; width: 2.7em; top: 30%; background: white;">e̞</div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 50%; width: 2.7em; top: 30%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 84%; width: 2.7em; top: 30%; background: white;"></div>
<!-- MID VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 24%; width: 2.7em; top: 44%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 57%; width: 1em; top: 44%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 83%; width: 2.7em; top: 44%; background: white;"></div>
<!-- OPEN-MID VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 30%; width: 3em; top: 58%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 57%; width: 2.7em; top: 58%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 83%; width: 2.7em; top: 58%; background: white;">ʌ</div>
<!-- NEAR-OPEN VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 37%; width: 1.3em; top: 73%;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 64%; width: 1em; top: 73%; background: white;"></div>
<!-- OPEN VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 44%; width: 3em; top: 86%; background: white;">a</div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 68%; width: 1em; top: 86%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 85%; width: 2em; top: 86%; background: white;">ɑ</div>
|}
</div></div>
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | &nbsp;&nbsp;'''Near-close'''
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Close-mid'''
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Mid'''
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Open-mid'''
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Near-open'''
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Open'''
|}
<div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 1.25em; margin-bottom: 0.33em"></div>
== Minhast Vowel Template ==
{| class="IPA" cellspacing="0px" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:center; background:none;"
|- style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller;"
|style="padding-bottom:3px;"| &nbsp;
| style="width: 60px;" | '''Front'''
| style="width: 60px; word-spacing: -.3em;" | '''Near- front'''
| style="width: 60px;" | '''Central'''
| style="width: 60px;word-spacing: -.3em;" | '''Near- back'''
| style="width: 60px;" | '''Back'''
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Close'''
| style="height: 210px;" colspan=5 rowspan=7 | <div style="position: relative;">[[File:Blank vowel trapezoid.svg|300px|link=]]<div style="background:none; position:absolute; top:0; left:0;">
{| style="position:relative; width:300px; height:210px; text-align:center; background:none;"
|-
| style="width:300px; height:210px; text-align:center; background:none; font-size:120%;"|
<!-- CLOSE VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 5%; width: 2.3em; top: 2%; background: white;">i</div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 43%; width: 3.1em; top: 2%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 85%; width: 2.3em; top: 2%; background: white;">u</div>
<!-- NEAR-CLOSE VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 28%; width: 2.33em; top: 17%; background: white;">ɪ</div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 44%; width: 4em; top: 17%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 74%; width: 1.5em; top: 17%; background: white;"></div>
<!-- CLOSE-MID VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 16%; width: 2.7em; top: 30%; background: white;">e</div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 50%; width: 2.7em; top: 30%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 84%; width: 2.7em; top: 30%; background: white;"></div>
<!-- MID VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 24%; width: 2.7em; top: 44%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 57%; width: 1em; top: 44%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 83%; width: 2.7em; top: 44%; background: white;"></div>
<!-- OPEN-MID VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 30%; width: 3em; top: 58%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 57%; width: 2.7em; top: 58%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 83%; width: 2.7em; top: 58%; background: white;"></div>
<!-- NEAR-OPEN VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 37%; width: 1.3em; top: 73%;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 64%; width: 1em; top: 73%; background: white;"></div>
<!-- OPEN VOWELS -->
<div style="position: absolute; left: 44%; width: 3em; top: 86%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 68%; width: 1em; top: 86%; background: white;"></div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: 85%; width: 2em; top: 86%; background: white;">ɑ</div>
|}
</div></div>
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | &nbsp;&nbsp;'''Near-close'''
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Close-mid'''
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Mid'''
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Open-mid'''
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Near-open'''
|-
| style="height: 30px; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;" | '''Open'''
|}
<div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 1.25em; margin-bottom: 0.33em"></div>
= Minhast Noun Table =
= Minhast Noun Table =
Use this class: "class="bluetable lightbluebg""
<br/><br/>


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg"
Line 53: Line 254:
|}
|}


=Nankore Indep Pronouns=
=== Minhast Portmanteau Pronominal Affixes ===
1S: ak
2S: ac
3S: ka


1P:akore
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible"
2P:acore
|-
3P: kahore
!  rowspan="2" |Agent (Singular)
!  colspan="6" |Patient (Singular)
|-
! 1st sg.
!  2nd sg.
!  3rd masc. sg.
!  3rd fem. sg.
!  3rd neut. anim sg.
!  3rd neut. inanim. sg.
|-
!  1st Sg.
|  <nowiki>---- </nowiki>
|  -tak-
|  -(e)k-
|  -kk-
|  -k-
|  -tirk-
|-
!  2nd Sg
|  -ktah-
|  <nowiki>---- </nowiki>
|  -tah-
|  -lettah-
|  -tah-
|  -tittah-
|-
!  3rd Masc. Sg
|  -knen-
|  -nten-
|  -nn-, -Ø-
|  -lenn-
|  -enn-
|  -tirenn-
|-
!  3rd Fem. Sg
|  -kl-
|  -tal-
|  -l-
|  -ll-
|  -l-
|  -till-
|-
!  3rd Neut. Anim. Sg
|  -k-
|  -t-
|  -Ø-
|  -Ø-
|  -s-
|  -t-
|-
!  3rd Neut. Inanim. Sg
|  -km-
|  -tam-
|  -m-
|  -mm-
|  -m-
|  -timm-
|-
! rowspan="2" | Agent
! colspan="6"  | Patient (Singular)
|-
! colspan="6"| &nbsp;
|-
! 1st Pl. Incl.
|  <nowiki>---- </nowiki>
|  <nowiki>---- </nowiki>
|  -hak-
|  -hlak-
|  -k-
|  -tirhak-
|-
! 1st Pl. Excl.
|  <nowiki>---- </nowiki>
|  -ntem-
|  -nn-
|  -lennem-
|  -ennem-
|  -tinnem-
|-
!  2nd Pl.
|  -aktahm-
|  <nowiki>---- </nowiki>
|  -mt-
|  -lettem-
|  -ettem-
|  -tittem-
|-
!  3rd Pl. Common
|  -ekken-
|  -takken-
|  -nk-
|  -lekken-
|  -seššen-
|  -tikken-
|-
!  3rd Pl. Neut. Anim.
|  -aksen-
|  -tasn-
|  -sn-
|  -less-
|  -sess-
|  -tiss-
|-
!  3rd Pl. Neut. Inanim.
|  -akmah-
|  -tammah-
|  -mah-
|  -(a)mmah-
|  -mah-
|  -timmah-
|}
 
=== Minhast Portmanteau Pronominal Affixes #2===
{|  class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible"
|-
! rowspan="2" |Person - Number - Gender
! colspan="2" | Independant Forms
! colspan="2" | Bound Forms
|- 
! Ergative
! Absolutive
! Oblique
! Stative
|-
!  1st Sg.
|  yakte
|  yak
|  yak-
|  -ek
|-
!  2nd Sg.
|  tahte
|  taħ
|  tah-,taħ-
|  -taħ
|-
!  3rd Masculine - Common Sg.
|  kūde
|  kua
|  kū-
|  -na
|-
!  3rd Feminine Sg.
|  lēde-
|  lea
|  lē-, ley-
|  -lea
|-
!  3rd Neuter Animate Sg.
|  šemet
|  šea
|  šē-, šey-
|  -šea
|-
!  3rd Neuter Inanimate Sg.
|  mēde
|  mea
|  mē-,mey-
|  -mea
|-
! colspan="5" | Plural
|-
!  1st Plural Inclusive
|  hakemt(e)
|  hak
|  hak-
|  -hakkem
|-
!  1st Pl Exclusive
|  nemt(e)
|  nem
|  nem-
|  -nem
|-
!  2nd Pl.
|  taħtemt(e)
|  taħtem
|  -taħtem
|  -taħtem-
|-
!  3rd Masc./Common Pl
|  kemt(e)
|  kem
|  kem-
|  -kem
|-
!  3rd Fem. Pl.
|  wext(e)
|  wexī, weššī
|  wex-
|  (n/a)
|-
!  3rd Neut. Anim. Pl.
|  sešt(e)
|  seš
|  sešš(i)-
|  -sseš
|-
!  3rd Neut. Inanim Pl.
|  maħt(e)
|  maħ
|  mah-, maħ-
|  -maħ
|}
 
 
==Minhast Phonotactics Table ==
Minhast Phonotactics Table
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible"
! rowspan=2 | Initial Consonant
! colspan=18| Final Consonant
|-
! f
! p
! b
! k
! x
! g
! t
! d
! s
! š
! z
! l
! r
! m
! n
! h
! w
! y
|-
! f
|ff
|pp
|pp
|fk
|fx
|fk
|ft
|ft
|fs
|ff
|fs
|fl
|fr
|fm
|fn
|ff
|fw
|fy
|-
! p
|pp
|pp
|pp
|pk
|xp
|pk
|pt
|pt
|ps
|ħp
|ps
|pl
|pr
|pm
|pn
|ħp
|pw
|py
|-
! b
|pp
|pp
|bb
|pk
|xp
|mg
|pt
|mb
|ps
|ħp
|ps
|bl
|br
|mb
|mb
|ħp
|bw
|by
|-
! k
|kf
|kp
|kp
|kk
|kk
|kk
|kt
|kt
|ks
|ħk
|ks
|kl
|kr
|km
|kn
|ħk
|kw
|ky
|-
! x
|xf
|xp
|xp
|kk
|xx
|gg
|xt
|xt
|ss
|šš
|ss
|xl
|xr
|xm
|xn
|xx
|xw
|xy
|-
! g
|kf
|kp
|gb
|kk
|kk
|gg
|kt
|gd
|ks
|ħk
|zg
|lg
|gr
|gm
|gn
|ħk
|gw
|gy
|-
! t
|ft
|pt
|pt
|kt
|xt
|kt
|tt
|tt
|st
|št
|st
|tt
|rt
|mt
|nt
|ħt
|wt
|šš
|-
! d
|ft
|pt
|bb
|kt
|xt
|gd
|tt
|dd
|st
|ħt
|zd
|ld
|rd
|mb
|nd
|ħt
|dw
|dy
|-
! s
|sp
|sp
|sp
|sk
|xs
|sk
|st
|st
|ss
|šš
|ss
|sl
|ss
|sm
|sn
|ħs
|sw
|šš
|-
! š
|šf
|šp
|šp
|šk
|šš
|šk
|št
|št
|ss
|šš
|ss
|šl
|šš
|šm
|šn
|ħš
|šw
|šš
|-
! z
|sp
|sp
|zb
|sk
|ss
|zg
|st
|zd
|ss
|šš
|zz
|zl
|zz
|zm
|zn
|ħs
|zw
|zy
|-
! l
|lf
|pp
|lb
|kk
|xl
|lg
|tt
|ld
|sl
|šl
|zl
|ll
|rr
|lm,mm
|nn
|ħl
|lw
|yy
|-
! r
|rf
|rp
|rb
|rk
|rx
|rg
|rt
|rd, dd
|rs, ss
|rš, šš
|zz
|ll
|rn, nn
|rm, mm
|nn
|rħ, ħr
|rw
|ry
|-
! m
|mf
|mp
|mb
|nk
|xn
|mg
|mt
|md
|ns
|šm
|nz
|ml
|mr
|mm
|nn
|mh
|ww
|my
|-
! n
|mf
|mp
|mb
|nk
|xn
|mg, ng
|nt
|nd
|ns, sn, ss
|nš, šn, šš
|nz
|ll
|rr
|mm
|nn
|nh
|nw
|ny,yy
|-
! h
|ff
|ħp
|ħp
|ħk
|xx
|ħk
|ħt
|ħt
|ħs
|ħš
|ħs
|ħl
|ħr
|ħm
|ħn
|ħħ
|ħw
|ħy
|}
 
 
==Vocabulary comparison==
 
To support his new model of Minhast dialectal relationships, Dr. Tashunka compiled a vocabulary list to illustrate lexical similarities and differences, along with evidence of sound change patterns.  The following table highlights some of these differences:
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible"
! rowspan="3" | English
! colspan="16" | Branch
|-
! colspan="9" | Upper Minhast
! colspan="2" | Western Minhast
! Gullic
! colspan="3" | Lower Minhast
! Montaine
|-
! Modern Standard Minhast
! Classical Minhast
! Dūy min Kirmast (Salmon Speaker)
! Hašlua min Kirmast (Wolf Speaker)
! Dūy min Kirmast (Salmon Speaker)
! Hašlua min Kirmast (Wolf Speaker)
! Kaslub min Kirmast (Dog Speaker)
! Nurrappam Kirmast (Bear Speaker)
! Yattaxmin Kirmast (Fox Speaker)
! Naggikim Kirmast (Elk Speaker)
! Hurkadim Kirmast (Seal Speaker)
! Annea min Kirmast (Gull Speaker)
! Neyūn min Kirmast (Osprey Speaker)
! Šunnekim Kirmast (Egret Speaker)
! City Speaker
! Banakim Kirmast (Stone Speaker)
|-
| apple || aiple || apel || appel || appel || appel || Appel || Apel || Apfel || עפּל<br />(epl) || 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃<br />(aplus) || epli || epli || äpple || æble || eple || eple
|-
| bear
| beir
| bear
| beer
| beer
| bear
| Baar
| Bier
| Bär
| בער<br />ber
| 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰 (Baira)
| björn
| [[Bjørn#Faroese|bjørn]]
| björn
| bjørn
| bjørn
| bear
|-
| apple || aiple || apel || appel || appel || appel || Appel || Apel || Apfel || עפּל<br />(epl) || 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃<br />(aplus) || epli || epli || äpple || æble || eple || eple
|-
| apple || aiple || apel || appel || appel || appel || Appel || Apel || Apfel || עפּל<br />(epl) || 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃<br />(aplus) || epli || epli || äpple || æble || eple || eple
|-
| apple || aiple || apel || appel || appel || appel || Appel || Apel || Apfel || עפּל<br />(epl) || 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃<br />(aplus) || epli || epli || äpple || æble || eple || eple
|-
| apple || aiple || apel || appel || appel || appel || Appel || Apel || Apfel || עפּל<br />(epl) || 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃<br />(aplus) || epli || epli || äpple || æble || eple || eple
|-
| apple || aiple || apel || appel || appel || appel || Appel || Apel || Apfel || עפּל<br />(epl) || 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃<br />(aplus) || epli || epli || äpple || æble || eple || eple
|-
| apple || aiple || apel || appel || appel || appel || Appel || Apel || Apfel || עפּל<br />(epl) || 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃<br />(aplus) || epli || epli || äpple || æble || eple || eple
|-
| apple || aiple || apel || appel || appel || appel || Appel || Apel || Apfel || עפּל<br />(epl) || 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃<br />(aplus) || epli || epli || äpple || æble || eple || eple
|-
| apple || aiple || apel || appel || appel || appel || Appel || Apel || Apfel || עפּל<br />(epl) || 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃<br />(aplus) || epli || epli || äpple || æble || eple || eple
|-
| apple || aiple || apel || appel || appel || appel || Appel || Apel || Apfel || עפּל<br />(epl) || 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃<br />(aplus) || epli || epli || äpple || æble || eple || eple
|-
| apple || aiple || apel || appel || appel || appel || Appel || Apel || Apfel || עפּל<br />(epl) || 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃<br />(aplus) || epli || epli || äpple || æble || eple || eple
|-
| apple || aiple || apel || appel || appel || appel || Appel || Apel || Apfel || עפּל<br />(epl) || 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃<br />(aplus) || epli || epli || äpple || æble || eple || eple
|-
| apple || aiple || apel || appel || appel || appel || Appel || Apel || Apfel || עפּל<br />(epl) || 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃<br />(aplus) || epli || epli || äpple || æble || eple || eple
|-
| apple || aiple || apel || appel || appel || appel || Appel || Apel || Apfel || עפּל<br />(epl) || 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃<br />(aplus) || epli || epli || äpple || æble || eple || eple
|-
| apple || aiple || apel || appel || appel || appel || Appel || Apel || Apfel || עפּל<br />(epl) || 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃<br />(aplus) || epli || epli || äpple || æble || eple || eple
|-
|}


=Nankore Portmanteau Pronouns=


1S+2S: akac
1S+3S: akak


1S+2P: akacor
<noinclude>
1S+3P: akakore
<!-- Categorising template -->
[[Category:Templates]][[Category:Minhast_templates]]
</noinclude>

Latest revision as of 00:06, 18 February 2018

Dialect Table

Minhast Superdialects and Dialects
Superdialect Dialect Region/Prefecture/District Distinguishing Features
Upper Minhast Horse Speaker Umbarak, Hayreb, Nanampuyyi, Wattare, Saxtam, Gannasia Prefectures;

Kattek (Horse Speaker portion of NCR, approx 50%)

Fossilized suffix -ūy realized as -uyyi
Salmon Speaker Hittaħm, Iskamharat, Tuhattam, Perim-Sin, Gaššarat. Ruyāya Prefectures;

Iyyūmi (Salmon Speaker portion of NCR, approx 40%)

Fossilized suffix -ūy preserved
Wolf Speaker Ešked,Attum Attar, Tayyagur, Rakwar, Tabuk Prefectures Fossilized suffix -ūy preserved
Dog Speaker Hisašarum, Way, Išpa, Warat, Tabbakun, Neweyya, Uħpar, Nikwat, Salabūr, Tawāheb Prefectures Fossilized suffix -ūy realized as -uyye
Bear Speaker Tannumay, Puyya Prefectures Fossilized suffix -ūy realized as -uyya
Fox Speaker Kardam, Eħħar Prefectures Fossilized suffix -ūy realized as -uyye
Elk Speaker Meti, Attuar, Essak Prefectures Fossilized suffix -ūy realized as -ūwe
Seal Speaker Pinda, Rukpu Prefectures Fossilized suffix -ūy realized as -ūwi
Lower Minhast Gull Speaker Kissamut, Tur'akkam, Senzil, Rēgum Prefectures;

Bayburim, Taliwāz, Urgabal, Tantanay, Nuwway, Kitamta, Antuwe, Sašlar (South Coast Colonies)

Fossilized suffix -ūy realized as -we, -ia
Osprey Speaker Uyyuš, Arinak, Naggiriyan, Nāz Fossilized suffix -ūy realized as -ia
Egret Speaker Nentue, Isku Fossilized suffix -ūy realized as -ia
Stone Speaker Sakkeb, Neskud,Yaxparim, Izgilbāš, Zurzugul, Higbilan, Narpaz Fossilized suffix -ūy realized as -ia, -ie



Nankore Vowel IPA Template

  Front Near- front Central Near- back Back
Close
Blank vowel trapezoid.svg
i
ɯ · u
ɪ
e̞
ʌ
a
ɑ
  Near-close
Close-mid
Mid
Open-mid
Near-open
Open

Minhast Vowel Template

  Front Near- front Central Near- back Back
Close
Blank vowel trapezoid.svg
i
u
ɪ
e
ɑ
  Near-close
Close-mid
Mid
Open-mid
Near-open
Open

Minhast Noun Table

Noun Classes
Absolutive Pre-clitic Form Incorporated Form Examples
Class I gal=Ø gal=

-gal-

galde, galyār
Class II marua marū=

-mar-

marūde, marūpar
yarea yarē=

-yar-

yarēde, yarēran
simmia simmī=

-simm-

simmīde, simmīkan
Class III asr asr-, asre-

-asr-

asride, asrenī
niss niss-,nisse-

-niss-

nisside, nissekī

Minhast Portmanteau Pronominal Affixes

Agent (Singular) Patient (Singular)
1st sg. 2nd sg. 3rd masc. sg. 3rd fem. sg. 3rd neut. anim sg. 3rd neut. inanim. sg.
1st Sg. ---- -tak- -(e)k- -kk- -k- -tirk-
2nd Sg -ktah- ---- -tah- -lettah- -tah- -tittah-
3rd Masc. Sg -knen- -nten- -nn-, -Ø- -lenn- -enn- -tirenn-
3rd Fem. Sg -kl- -tal- -l- -ll- -l- -till-
3rd Neut. Anim. Sg -k- -t- -Ø- -Ø- -s- -t-
3rd Neut. Inanim. Sg -km- -tam- -m- -mm- -m- -timm-
Agent Patient (Singular)
 
1st Pl. Incl. ---- ---- -hak- -hlak- -k- -tirhak-
1st Pl. Excl. ---- -ntem- -nn- -lennem- -ennem- -tinnem-
2nd Pl. -aktahm- ---- -mt- -lettem- -ettem- -tittem-
3rd Pl. Common -ekken- -takken- -nk- -lekken- -seššen- -tikken-
3rd Pl. Neut. Anim. -aksen- -tasn- -sn- -less- -sess- -tiss-
3rd Pl. Neut. Inanim. -akmah- -tammah- -mah- -(a)mmah- -mah- -timmah-

Minhast Portmanteau Pronominal Affixes #2

Person - Number - Gender Independant Forms Bound Forms
Ergative Absolutive Oblique Stative
1st Sg. yakte yak yak- -ek
2nd Sg. tahte taħ tah-,taħ- -taħ
3rd Masculine - Common Sg. kūde kua kū- -na
3rd Feminine Sg. lēde- lea lē-, ley- -lea
3rd Neuter Animate Sg. šemet šea šē-, šey- -šea
3rd Neuter Inanimate Sg. mēde mea mē-,mey- -mea
Plural
1st Plural Inclusive hakemt(e) hak hak- -hakkem
1st Pl Exclusive nemt(e) nem nem- -nem
2nd Pl. taħtemt(e) taħtem -taħtem -taħtem-
3rd Masc./Common Pl kemt(e) kem kem- -kem
3rd Fem. Pl. wext(e) wexī, weššī wex- (n/a)
3rd Neut. Anim. Pl. sešt(e) seš sešš(i)- -sseš
3rd Neut. Inanim Pl. maħt(e) maħ mah-, maħ- -maħ


Minhast Phonotactics Table

Minhast Phonotactics Table

Initial Consonant Final Consonant
f p b k x g t d s š z l r m n h w y
f ff pp pp fk fx fk ft ft fs ff fs fl fr fm fn ff fw fy
p pp pp pp pk xp pk pt pt ps ħp ps pl pr pm pn ħp pw py
b pp pp bb pk xp mg pt mb ps ħp ps bl br mb mb ħp bw by
k kf kp kp kk kk kk kt kt ks ħk ks kl kr km kn ħk kw ky
x xf xp xp kk xx gg xt xt ss šš ss xl xr xm xn xx xw xy
g kf kp gb kk kk gg kt gd ks ħk zg lg gr gm gn ħk gw gy
t ft pt pt kt xt kt tt tt st št st tt rt mt nt ħt wt šš
d ft pt bb kt xt gd tt dd st ħt zd ld rd mb nd ħt dw dy
s sp sp sp sk xs sk st st ss šš ss sl ss sm sn ħs sw šš
š šf šp šp šk šš šk št št ss šš ss šl šš šm šn ħš šw šš
z sp sp zb sk ss zg st zd ss šš zz zl zz zm zn ħs zw zy
l lf pp lb kk xl lg tt ld sl šl zl ll rr lm,mm nn ħl lw yy
r rf rp rb rk rx rg rt rd, dd rs, ss rš, šš zz ll rn, nn rm, mm nn rħ, ħr rw ry
m mf mp mb nk xn mg mt md ns šm nz ml mr mm nn mh ww my
n mf mp mb nk xn mg, ng nt nd ns, sn, ss nš, šn, šš nz ll rr mm nn nh nw ny,yy
h ff ħp ħp ħk xx ħk ħt ħt ħs ħš ħs ħl ħr ħm ħn ħħ ħw ħy


Vocabulary comparison

To support his new model of Minhast dialectal relationships, Dr. Tashunka compiled a vocabulary list to illustrate lexical similarities and differences, along with evidence of sound change patterns. The following table highlights some of these differences:

English Branch
Upper Minhast Western Minhast Gullic Lower Minhast Montaine
Modern Standard Minhast Classical Minhast Dūy min Kirmast (Salmon Speaker) Hašlua min Kirmast (Wolf Speaker) Dūy min Kirmast (Salmon Speaker) Hašlua min Kirmast (Wolf Speaker) Kaslub min Kirmast (Dog Speaker) Nurrappam Kirmast (Bear Speaker) Yattaxmin Kirmast (Fox Speaker) Naggikim Kirmast (Elk Speaker) Hurkadim Kirmast (Seal Speaker) Annea min Kirmast (Gull Speaker) Neyūn min Kirmast (Osprey Speaker) Šunnekim Kirmast (Egret Speaker) City Speaker Banakim Kirmast (Stone Speaker)
apple aiple apel appel appel appel Appel Apel Apfel עפּל
(epl)		 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃
(aplus)		 epli epli äpple æble eple eple
bear beir bear beer beer bear Baar Bier Bär בער
ber 		𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰 (Baira) björn bjørn björn bjørn bjørn bear
apple aiple apel appel appel appel Appel Apel Apfel עפּל
(epl)		 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃
(aplus)		 epli epli äpple æble eple eple
apple aiple apel appel appel appel Appel Apel Apfel עפּל
(epl)		 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃
(aplus)		 epli epli äpple æble eple eple
apple aiple apel appel appel appel Appel Apel Apfel עפּל
(epl)		 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃
(aplus)		 epli epli äpple æble eple eple
apple aiple apel appel appel appel Appel Apel Apfel עפּל
(epl)		 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃
(aplus)		 epli epli äpple æble eple eple
apple aiple apel appel appel appel Appel Apel Apfel עפּל
(epl)		 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃
(aplus)		 epli epli äpple æble eple eple
apple aiple apel appel appel appel Appel Apel Apfel עפּל
(epl)		 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃
(aplus)		 epli epli äpple æble eple eple
apple aiple apel appel appel appel Appel Apel Apfel עפּל
(epl)		 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃
(aplus)		 epli epli äpple æble eple eple
apple aiple apel appel appel appel Appel Apel Apfel עפּל
(epl)		 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃
(aplus)		 epli epli äpple æble eple eple
apple aiple apel appel appel appel Appel Apel Apfel עפּל
(epl)		 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃
(aplus)		 epli epli äpple æble eple eple
apple aiple apel appel appel appel Appel Apel Apfel עפּל
(epl)		 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃
(aplus)		 epli epli äpple æble eple eple
apple aiple apel appel appel appel Appel Apel Apfel עפּל
(epl)		 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃
(aplus)		 epli epli äpple æble eple eple
apple aiple apel appel appel appel Appel Apel Apfel עפּל
(epl)		 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃
(aplus)		 epli epli äpple æble eple eple
apple aiple apel appel appel appel Appel Apel Apfel עפּל
(epl)		 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃
(aplus)		 epli epli äpple æble eple eple
apple aiple apel appel appel appel Appel Apel Apfel עפּל
(epl)		 𐌰𐍀𐌻𐌿𐍃
(aplus)		 epli epli äpple æble eple eple
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