Paang: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 16:29, 2 May 2023

Paang (rhư nténg Pa̍ng) is a classical language of Hmøøhian author Tsayfuan's fantasy world. It is a monosyllabic tonal language with initial consonant mutations. It is inspired in-universe by Talmic and Æ, and I was actually inspired by Insular Celtic and Southeast Asian languages.

Paang poetry uses the Vietnamese lục bát meter, which Tsayfuan took from Æ poetry.

Todo

May liberally steal vocab from Celtic
- miền 'to desire'
- riêmh 'never'
- ciên 'old; distant'
- ciến (clf. ô̍gh^L) 'age; distance'
- fiển (clf. lló^L) 'soldier'
- téng (clf. rhư^N) 'language'
- biêdh 'food'
- rhiền (clf. ngiềbh) 'path'
- rhiên (clf. lló^L) 'maiden'
- gần^L 'without'
Tol Kiền: the creator god

Phonology

Initials: /k kʰ χ ŋ ŋ̊ ŋʰ ɣ t tʰ θ n n̊ nʰ ð p φ f m m̊ mʰ v j r r̊ l ɬ w ʍ s h ʔ/

Nuclei: /i e ɛ a ɨ ə u o ɔ iə ɨə uə/

Finals: /ŋ͡m n ŋ r k͡p t k j ð ɨ̯ w/

Tones: a à a̍ á ả = mid low fall high rise

My romanization spells /kʰ/ as k in certain names.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Cuam''' (''CuamR'' /khuəm/ with rising tone) is an [[Verse:Irta|Irtan]] Southern Chinese/SEA language in the Cuamic family; it has influenced the Scandinavian-inspired Irtan Chinese lect.
+'''Paang''' (''rhư nténg Pa{{cvla}}ng'') is a classical language of Hmøøhian author Tsayfuan's fantasy world. It is a monosyllabic tonal language with initial consonant mutations. It is inspired in-universe by Talmic and Æ, and I was actually inspired by Insular Celtic and Southeast Asian languages.
-Cuam is inspired by Irish, Thai and Hmong.
+Paang poetry uses the Vietnamese lục bát meter, which Tsayfuan took from Æ poetry.
-==Phonology==
+== Todo ==
-Initials: all Irish single consonants plus prenasalized stops and sh(n/l/r)-; allow br dr gr fr cr tr bl dl gl fl cl tl; p- only occurs in borrowings; stops are +asp/-asp like in Scottish Gaelic
+* May liberally steal vocab from Celtic
+** ''miền'' 'to desire'
+** ''riêmh'' 'never'
+** ''ciên'' 'old; distant'
+** ''ciến'' (clf. ''ô{{cvla}}gh<sup>L</sup>'') 'age; distance'
+** ''fiển'' (clf. ''lló<sup>L</sup>'') 'soldier'
+** ''téng'' (clf. ''rhư''<sup>N</sup>)  'language'
+** ''biêdh'' 'food'
+** ''rhiền'' (clf. ''ngiềbh'') 'path'
+** ''rhiên'' (clf. ''lló<sup>L</sup>'') 'maiden'
+** ''gần''<sup>L</sup> 'without'
+* ''Tol Kiền'': the creator god
-shm- is only used in so-called ''shm''-reduplication
+== Phonology ==
+Initials: /k kʰ χ ŋ ŋ{{v-}} ŋʰ ɣ
+t tʰ θ n n{{v-}} nʰ ð
+p φ f m m{{v-}} mʰ v
+j r r{{v-}} l ɬ w ʍ s h ʔ/
-Séimhiú should have different outcomes from Irish
+Nuclei: /i e ɛ a ɨ ə u o ɔ iə ɨə uə/
-In unmutated words, all Irish unmutated initials + séimhiúed initials are permissible
+Finals: /{{ng}}{{tiebar}}m n {{ng}} r k{{tiebar}}p t k j ð ɨ{{nsyll}} w/
-séimhiúed words can't séimhiú again, but when they get urúed it manifests as prenasalization:
+Tones: a à a{{cvla}} á ả = mid low fall high rise
-* ''**CV-(initial) > (lexically séimhiúed initial)''
+<g c ch ng hng nc gh
-* ''**-n CV-(initial) > n:(initial) > nC (prenasalized initial)''
+d t th n hn nt dh
+b p f m hm mp bh
+j r rh l lh w wh s h 0
+i ê e a ư ơ/â a u ô o ia/iê ưa/ươ ua/uô
+mh n ng r b d g i dh gh u>
-Vowels: all combos of +-pal x vowel allowed in Irish (assuming broad final)
+My romanization spells /kʰ/ as ''k'' in certain names.
-Allowed finals: -d -g -idh (-j) -imh (nasalization + -j) -bh (-w) -mh (nasalization + -w) -m -n -il -r
-Tones are essentially the same as in Thai:
-* "Dead syllables" (checked):
-** short vowel: a¹ a² (low high)
-** long vowel; á¹ á² (low falling)
-* "Live syllables" (non-checked): long: áM áL áF áH áR (mid low falling high rising, as in Thai)
-entering tone syllables (open short vowel, or d/g final)  can only take a and à tones
-forbids shm- like Irish but unlike Tigolic
-== Grammar ==
-absolute state is sometimes a floating mutating morpheme that marks gender (marks absolute state, construct state doesn't mutate). Sometimes absolute state manifests as a separate preposed word or syllable which may or may not mutate the word itself. (absolute state comes from a preceding classifier)
--10: leidh¹, nán², feó¹, tlud¹, daimh⁵, án², ciúr³, shnán², shleidh¹, faoil²
-==Diachronics ==
-Some "possible" syllables should be disallowed bc of historical sound change, like unasp stop initial + nasal coda + 2nd tone syllables in Mandarin
-Before having mutations, Cuam had long, short and ultrashort vowels. Mutations come from preceding ultrashort syllables that are lost.
-After Cuam gained mutations, it underwent the medieval Sinosphere register/tone split like most other languages in the Sinosphere, resulting in mutation depending on tone. This earlier, very complex system of mutations and tonal ablaut got simplified to a finite set of noun genders by analogy.
-==== Orthography ====
-A Far East Semitic based abugida
-==== Tone diachronics ====
-Middle Cuam (before the tone split) had 3 tones, like Middle Chinese, marked in the native script as unmarked, tone 1 and tone 2.
-Consonant classes (séimhiú didn't change the consonant class while urú did)
-* Mid: *k- series, glottal stop
-* High: *kh- series, voiceless fricatives, shR-
-* Low: *g series, voiced fricatives, resonants
-{| class="wikitable"
-|+Tone chart
-!class
-!ending
-!none
-!-่
-!-้
-!-๊
-!-๋
-|-
-|mid
-|dead
-| style="background: #fa4" |low
-| -
-| style="background: #ff3" |fall
-| style="background: #cfa" |high
-| -
-|-
-|mid
-|alive
-| style="background: #f66" |mid
-| style="background: #fa4" |low
-| style="background: #ff3" |fall
-| style="background: #cfa" |high
-| style="background: #6fc" |rise
-|-
-|high
-|dead
-| style="background: #fa4" |low
-| -
-| style="background: #ff3" |fall
-|-
-|high
-|alive
-| style="background: #6fc" |rise
-| style="background: #fa4" |low
-| style="background: #ff3" |fall
-|-
-|low
-|dead (short vowel)
-| style="background: #cfa" |high
-| style="background: #ff3" |fall
-| -
-|-
-|low
-|dead (long vowel)
-| style="background: #ff3" |fall
-| -
-| style="background: #cfa" |high
-|-
-|low
-|alive
-| style="background: #f66" |mid
-| style="background: #ff3" |fall
-| style="background: #cfa" |high
-|-
-|}

Paang: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 16:29, 2 May 2023

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Phonology

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