Ditab: Difference between revisions
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'''{{PAGENAME}}''' / | '''{{PAGENAME}}''' (''Dîthâabh'' /diː˧˩θ{{ret}}aːaw˥˩/) is an [[Verse:Angai|Angai]]an language inspired by Iau, Proto-Lakes Plain, Dinka, Thai, Formor's avian conlang C’ą̂ą́r and Semitic languages (particularly chanted Tiberian Hebrew). | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
{{PAGENAME}} has | {{PAGENAME}} has | ||
* | * 4 consonants: | ||
* | ** voiced labial stop: b | ||
* 6 pitch accent patterns (level, rising, falling, falling-rising, rising-falling, one like Swedish tone 2) (they should be loosely modeled after tropes) (long and | ** voiced postdental stop: d | ||
** voiceless alveolar stop: t | |||
** voiceless velar stop: k | |||
* 21 vowels: ''i ị e ẹ a ọ o ụ u'' /i ɪ e ɛ ä ɔ o ʊ u/ + nasalized counterparts + ''ă'' (shva na3, by default /ä/); /ɔ o ʊ u/ are really their unrounded counterparts | |||
* 6 pitch accent patterns (level, rising, falling, falling-rising, rising-falling, one like Swedish tone 2) (they should be loosely modeled after tropes) (long and overlong tones should be different; some tones have two nuclei like ''pashtayim'' and ''qadma v'azla'') | |||
There is a three way length distinction as well, in both consonants and vowels. | There is a three way length distinction as well, in both consonants and vowels. | ||
All four stops have | All four stops have continuant allophones (roughly [w ð{{lowered}}̠ˠ θ̠ h]) after vowels, unless they're geminated. [ð{{lowered}}̠ˠ] is Danish soft d. | ||
=== Word structure === | === Word structure === | ||
Final stress like Tiberian Hebrew | Final stress like Tiberian Hebrew | ||
Most words are underlyingly either open syllable -V:, or "closed syllable" with nucleus -V: and allowed "codas" -C, -V, -VC, -(unstressed syllable) | Most words are underlyingly either open syllable -V: (e.g. o), or "closed syllable" with nucleus -V: and allowed "codas" -C, -V, -VC, -CC, -(unstressed syllable) (e.g. och, o.o, o.och, o.chebh, o.c) | ||
Extrametrical elements occur too: ô.k-ko [ô:.k:-kò:] (like -k in TibH ותבך vattėbh-k 'and she wept') | |||
===Orthography=== | ===Orthography=== | ||
{{PAGENAME}} has an ASCII friendly orthography in addition to the 'default' one, where some vowels are written with consonant letters. | |||
{{PAGENAME}} has an ASCII friendly orthography in addition to the 'default' one, where some vowels are written with consonant letters. | |||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
| Line 33: | Line 33: | ||
* Class two nouns mark the ''absolute'' state with ''-bẽ́''. | * Class two nouns mark the ''absolute'' state with ''-bẽ́''. | ||
Verbs inflect by aspect but not tense. Curiously, the imperfective and perfective forms are interchanged when the verb follows the interrogative particle '' | Verbs inflect by aspect but not tense. Curiously, the imperfective and perfective forms are interchanged when the verb follows the interrogative particle ''củ-'', the negative particle ''bách-'' or the conjunctive particle ''ădhùbh-'', or other preverbs/conjunctions, reminiscent of Old Irish verb allomorphy. | ||
{{PAGENAME}} is borderline polysynthetic in that some verbs have to incorporate their objects. {{PAGENAME}} also uses bipersonal inflections. | {{PAGENAME}} is borderline polysynthetic in that some verbs have to incorporate their objects. {{PAGENAME}} also uses bipersonal inflections. | ||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
{{PAGENAME}} is strictly OVS. Cleft constructions are common. | |||
{{PAGENAME}} is strictly OVS. | |||
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]] | [[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]] | ||
[[Category:Angai]] | |||
Latest revision as of 03:35, 29 October 2024
Ditab (Dîthâabh /diː˧˩θ̠aːaw˥˩/) is an Angaian language inspired by Iau, Proto-Lakes Plain, Dinka, Thai, Formor's avian conlang C’ą̂ą́r and Semitic languages (particularly chanted Tiberian Hebrew).
Phonology
Ditab has
- 4 consonants:
- voiced labial stop: b
- voiced postdental stop: d
- voiceless alveolar stop: t
- voiceless velar stop: k
- 21 vowels: i ị e ẹ a ọ o ụ u /i ɪ e ɛ ä ɔ o ʊ u/ + nasalized counterparts + ă (shva na3, by default /ä/); /ɔ o ʊ u/ are really their unrounded counterparts
- 6 pitch accent patterns (level, rising, falling, falling-rising, rising-falling, one like Swedish tone 2) (they should be loosely modeled after tropes) (long and overlong tones should be different; some tones have two nuclei like pashtayim and qadma v'azla)
There is a three way length distinction as well, in both consonants and vowels.
All four stops have continuant allophones (roughly [w ð̞̠ˠ θ̠ h]) after vowels, unless they're geminated. [ð̞̠ˠ] is Danish soft d.
Word structure
Final stress like Tiberian Hebrew
Most words are underlyingly either open syllable -V: (e.g. o), or "closed syllable" with nucleus -V: and allowed "codas" -C, -V, -VC, -CC, -(unstressed syllable) (e.g. och, o.o, o.och, o.chebh, o.c)
Extrametrical elements occur too: ô.k-ko [ô:.k:-kò:] (like -k in TibH ותבך vattėbh-k 'and she wept')
Orthography
Ditab has an ASCII friendly orthography in addition to the 'default' one, where some vowels are written with consonant letters.
Morphology
Ditab morphology is entirely suffixing except for adjectives. Adjectives are a small closed class and work by infixing and/or changing the vowels in the noun according to a predictable umlaut pattern.
There is no grammatical gender, and two declension classes:
- Class one nouns mark the construct state with the suffix -bẽ́.
- Class two nouns mark the absolute state with -bẽ́.
Verbs inflect by aspect but not tense. Curiously, the imperfective and perfective forms are interchanged when the verb follows the interrogative particle củ-, the negative particle bách- or the conjunctive particle ădhùbh-, or other preverbs/conjunctions, reminiscent of Old Irish verb allomorphy.
Ditab is borderline polysynthetic in that some verbs have to incorporate their objects. Ditab also uses bipersonal inflections.
Syntax
Ditab is strictly OVS. Cleft constructions are common.