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The | '''Qwbmwdqwg''' /ʔə˥mə˨˩˨ʔə˧˩̤/ is a tritonal root language spoken in [[Verse:Angai]]. | ||
== Phonology == | |||
* vowels: {{angbr|''w oo''}} /ə ã/ | |||
* consonants: {{angbr|''q m k''}} /ʔ m k~h/ | |||
* tones: {{angbr|''-b -0 -x -s -t -j -v -g -d -z -l''}} /˥ ˧ ˩˧ ˩ ˨˩ˀ ˥˧ ˨˦ ˧˩̤ ˨˩˨ ˧˦˧ ˧˩/ | |||
The -0 tone only occurs in function words and affixes. | |||
== Morphology == | |||
Most Qwbmwdqwg roots are tritonal. Some roots in the qwT<sub>1</sub>mwT<sub>2</sub>kwT<sub>3</sub> verb stem: | |||
* ''qw'''l'''mw'''b'''kw'''j''''' = to preside | |||
* ''qw'''b'''mw'''d'''kw'''g''''' = to speak | |||
* ''qw'''x'''mw'''b'''kw'''b''''' = to hear | |||
* ''qw'''j'''mw'''g'''kw'''d''''' = to see | |||
* ''qw'''b'''mw'''x'''kw'''s''''' = to eat | |||
* ''qw'''z'''mw'''x'''kw'''v''''' = to drink | |||
Some roots are bitonal: | |||
* ''qw'''x'''kw'''j''''' 'to stand' | |||
* ''qw'''s'''kw'''s''''' 'to go, to walk' | |||
* ''qw'''b'''kw'''x''''' 'to fly' | |||
=== Nouns === | |||
The plural marker is ''-qoob'': ''mw'''b'''kw'''x''''' 'bird', ''mw'''b'''kw'''x'''qoob'' 'birds'. | |||
==== Patterns ==== | |||
(b-j-v 'to do' is used as the placeholder root) | |||
=== Verbs === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ ''qwlmwlkwd'' 'to sleep' | |||
|- | |||
! Person !! Non-past !! Past/Stative | |||
|- | |||
! 1sg | |||
|| ''qoolmwlqwd'' || ''qwlkwlqoodqoox'' | |||
|- | |||
! 2sg | |||
|| ''koolmwlqwd'' || ''qwlkwlqoodkwt'' | |||
|- | |||
! 3sg | |||
|| ''moolmwlqwd'' || ''qwlkwlqood'' | |||
|- | |||
! 1pl | |||
|| ''qoolmwlqood'' || ''qwlkwlqoodqoov'' | |||
|- | |||
! 2pl | |||
|| ''koolmwlqood'' || ''qwlkwlqoodkoov'' | |||
|- | |||
! 3pl | |||
|| ''moolmwlqood'' || ''qwlkwlqoodmooj'' | |||
|- | |||
! Participle | |||
|colspan=2| ''moolqwlqwd'' | |||
|- | |||
! Verbal noun | |||
|colspan=2| ''qwlmwlkwd'' | |||
|} | |||
==== Patterns ==== | |||
(b-j-v 'to do' is used as the placeholder root) | |||
Need nif3al and hif3il | |||
=== Pronouns === | |||
No subject pronouns | |||
Pronominal affixes: todo | |||
== Syntax == | |||
=== Word order === | |||
Stolen from Lushootseed: predicate-first clauses and determiner-based noun phrases | |||
=== Noun phrases === | |||
Noun phrases acting as constituents rather than as predicates need the determiner ''qw'': | |||
: Compare: | |||
:''Qw'''d'''kw'''l'''qw'''b''' qw qw'''b'''mw'''d'''qw'''g'''.'' | |||
: Qwbmwdqwg is easy. | |||
:''Qw'''b'''mw'''d'''qw'''g''' kwt. Qoo Kwskwskwskws kwt.'' | |||
: This is Qwbmwdqwg. And this is Quququqquq. | |||
=== Emphasis === | |||
The emphatic pronoun is ''koo'' in all persons and numbers. It serves the same role as Irish emphatic forms. | |||
* ''qoo'''s'''mw'''s''''' 'I go' | |||
* ''qoo'''s'''mw'''s''' koo'' / ''koo qoo'''s'''mw'''s''''' '<i>I</i> go' | |||
[[Category:Conlangs]] | |||
[[Category:Angai]] | |||
Latest revision as of 09:13, 29 October 2024
Qwbmwdqwg /ʔə˥mə˨˩˨ʔə˧˩̤/ is a tritonal root language spoken in Verse:Angai.
Phonology
- vowels: ⟨w oo⟩ /ə ã/
- consonants: ⟨q m k⟩ /ʔ m k~h/
- tones: ⟨-b -0 -x -s -t -j -v -g -d -z -l⟩ /˥ ˧ ˩˧ ˩ ˨˩ˀ ˥˧ ˨˦ ˧˩̤ ˨˩˨ ˧˦˧ ˧˩/
The -0 tone only occurs in function words and affixes.
Morphology
Most Qwbmwdqwg roots are tritonal. Some roots in the qwT1mwT2kwT3 verb stem:
- qwlmwbkwj = to preside
- qwbmwdkwg = to speak
- qwxmwbkwb = to hear
- qwjmwgkwd = to see
- qwbmwxkws = to eat
- qwzmwxkwv = to drink
Some roots are bitonal:
- qwxkwj 'to stand'
- qwskws 'to go, to walk'
- qwbkwx 'to fly'
Nouns
The plural marker is -qoob: mwbkwx 'bird', mwbkwxqoob 'birds'.
Patterns
(b-j-v 'to do' is used as the placeholder root)
Verbs
| Person | Non-past | Past/Stative |
|---|---|---|
| 1sg | qoolmwlqwd | qwlkwlqoodqoox |
| 2sg | koolmwlqwd | qwlkwlqoodkwt |
| 3sg | moolmwlqwd | qwlkwlqood |
| 1pl | qoolmwlqood | qwlkwlqoodqoov |
| 2pl | koolmwlqood | qwlkwlqoodkoov |
| 3pl | moolmwlqood | qwlkwlqoodmooj |
| Participle | moolqwlqwd | |
| Verbal noun | qwlmwlkwd | |
Patterns
(b-j-v 'to do' is used as the placeholder root)
Need nif3al and hif3il
Pronouns
No subject pronouns
Pronominal affixes: todo
Syntax
Word order
Stolen from Lushootseed: predicate-first clauses and determiner-based noun phrases
Noun phrases
Noun phrases acting as constituents rather than as predicates need the determiner qw:
- Compare:
- Qwdkwlqwb qw qwbmwdqwg.
- Qwbmwdqwg is easy.
- Qwbmwdqwg kwt. Qoo Kwskwskwskws kwt.
- This is Qwbmwdqwg. And this is Quququqquq.
Emphasis
The emphatic pronoun is koo in all persons and numbers. It serves the same role as Irish emphatic forms.
- qoosmws 'I go'
- qoosmws koo / koo qoosmws 'I go'