Riphean: Difference between revisions

From Linguifex
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Riphlish shouldn't be Balkan sprachbund)
 
(46 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
[[Riphean/Music]]
[[Riphean/Music]]


'''Riphean''' (''riviske ṛstine''; [[Ăn Yidiș]]: ''ă Rifiș'') is an Indo-European language in the Riphic branch, an Irtan satem branch. It's spoken in Irta's Poland, Ukraine, Belarus, and Korea, and is influenced by Uralic languages. It's also spoken in the island of Nōje Ceme (Isle of Man in our timeline), and substantial Riphean-speaking communities exist in parts of Irta's Russia, Alaska and Tibet. More recently it has absorbed words and calques from various Mediterranean languages.
'''Riphean''' is a para-Balto-Slavic language of [[Verse:Ed Dynje|Ed Dynje]], spoken in our Poland, Prussia, Latvia and Lithuania. It is inspired by Czech and Dutch.
== TODO ==
* ''dzas'' 'gas' (from g'hh2sos, cognate to ''chaos'')
=== UDHR ===
''Wiži dzíni kiman waleni um lejki zwem chejn um zwame đejžem.''


Riphean has many accents and there is even a creole of Riphean, Korean and a little Nivkh, ''Bamaej-eo'' (literally "mixed language"), with some Korean words and mostly Korean syntax. Bamaej-eo, spoken in Irta Sakhalin, is notable for being the only modern Riphic language which preserves the stop system of Middle Riphean, reinforced by Korean's stop system. Another notable creole is Riphlish, spoken by Riphean people in Anglophone parts of [[Verse:Irta]].
/ˈʋɪ{{ž}}ɪ ˈdziːɲɪ ˈkɪman ˈʋaleɲɪ ɪm ˈlɛjkɪ zʋɛm xɛjn ɪm ˈzʋamɛ ˈðɛjʒɛm/


Modern Riphean is notable for mostly preserving PIE's syllabic approximants, ḷ and ṛ. However, Riphean consonants display various innovations including Grimm's law taken a step further (as in Dutch in our timeline).
(um ~ Latin ambō)  


In real life, Riphean is inspired by Germanic (particularly Gothic, Dutch and Icelandic) and Slavic.
hejn ~ τῑμή 'honor', đejše ~ teisė


==Todo==
== Phonology ==
Riphean has consistent initial stress and a prosody similar to Czech.


''Truktine'' - goddess of peace and harmony
== Morphology ==
=== Nouns and adjectives ===
<poem>
'the happy person'
nom. zachistľuwe dzín, zachistľuwi dzíni
acc. zachistľuwou dzín, zachistľuwej dzíni
gen. zachistľuwez dzínez, zachistľuwiž dzíni
dat. zachistľuwem dzín, zachistľuwame dzínem
</poem>


Other goddesses: ''Ōzrine/Rīđine, Wexrine, ...''
=== Numerals ===
ejn, twá, đrí, cheđur, víg, zešt, zevouđ, estuđ, ňouđ, tezou


''Kīwaiđaza kala in utnė vlōje'' - The living fish swims in water.
ejnľez, twáľez, đríľez, cheđurľez, víľez, zešľez, zevaľez, estľez, ňouľez, twácouđi


''lauzme'' - world, from *lewk-mn; stem ''lauzmen-''
đrícouđi, cheđurcouđi, vícouđi, zešcouđi, zevacouđi, escouđi, ňucouđi, stou? (random change from kmtom -> ktom, influenced by the ordinal stouđe <- ktm-tos)
 
== Swadesh list ==
''vrirasti'' - nature
<poem>
 
I: ec
''zaurasti'' - nurture
thou: đu
 
he: iž
''-wite'' - science
we: muž
 
ye: juž
*''vamēzwite'', ''xīmje'' - chemistry
they:
**''vamēzwitina panta'' - chemical bond
this: siđe
*''sternawite'' - astronomy
that: đađe
*''wistōrje'' - history (later coinage)
here: sur
''nepalaste'' - anesthesia
there: đur
*''nepalastwite'' - anesthesiology
</poem>
''trōkzaiđaste'' - synesthesia
 
''zaiđna'' - sensory
 
''trōkna'' - concomitant, ''trōken'' - together
 
''jēre, lėđe, azanje, cīme'' - seasons
 
''azaniđi'' - to harvest, to earn (semantics influenced by the English cognate)
 
''lėđe'' - (poetic) year
 
''weđa'' - year
 
''ōster'' - morning
 
''uđrni'' - noon
 
''sletuđrni'' - afternoon
 
''wespra'' - evening
 
''naiđ'' - night
 
''skīje'' - shadow
 
''skēwiđi'' - to walk
 
''wart'' - plant
 
''cweri'' - animal
 
''sēne'' - fungus
 
''vratānik'' - prokaryote
 
''zōtānik'' - eukaryote
 
''đāl'' - far
 
===Bamaej-eo===
Kioneun kala unneo-in blon-ada. - The living fish swims in water (-neun, -ada and syntax from Korean, the rest is Riphic)
 
Three numeral systems - Riphic, Korean and Sinitic
 
Tons of deictics as in Nivkh
 
==Numbers==
aina, twā, đrije, xeđure, vaixe, zes, zevu, astu, nȯ, teγu
 
==Grammar==
Riphean has three noun genders, termed animate, inanimate and collective by native grammarians. These correspond to masculine, neuter and feminine genders in other Indo-European languages. The correlation between grammatical gender and biological gender is much less in Riphean than in other IE languages, due to the influence of Uralic languages.
 
As in Latin and Greek, Riphean has various declension paradigms for nouns. Some common ones are:
*first declension nouns - inanimate suffixless, animate ''-a'', collective ''-e''
*second declension nouns - ''-i'', independent of gender
*third declension nouns - ''-u'', independent of gender
 
Gender has been almost completely regularized in Riphean, again due to Uralic influence -- it is correlated with morphology, so all nouns ending in ''-e'' are collective, even nouns like ''aste'' (bone), which derives from the Old Riphean neuter noun ''haste''. Most notably, Riphean pronouns do not inflect for gender, as in Armenian and Persian, but adjectives do; adjective genders follow lexical animacy when the noun is second or third declension and they follow nominal morphology for first declension nouns. There is also a distinction between attributive and predicative adjectives, with predicative adjectives never taking suffixes:
* En sive atvėziđe. "It is a good document".
* Ene atvėziđe siv. "That document is good".
 
An example animate noun: kala "fish"
*Nominative: kala, kalė
*Accusative: kalu, kalė/kalō
*Genitive: kalas, kalō
*Dative: kalė, kalām
*Instrumental: kalam, kalėm
 
An example collective noun: pluze "flea"
*Nominative: pluze, pluzė
*Accusative: pluzai, pluzė/pluzō
*Genitive: pluzes, pluzō
*Dative: pluzēvi, pluzēm
*Instrumental: pluzai, pluzėm
 
A neuter noun: tėđ "child"
*Nominative: tėđ, tėđe
*Accusative: tėđ, tėđe/tėđō
*Genitive: tėđas, tėđō
*Dative: tėđė, tėđām
*Instrumental: tėđam, tėđėm
 
===Adjectives===
While Riphean doesn't have definite articles, Riphean adjectives inflect for definiteness. There are generally two forms for adjectives, the indefinite form and the definite form formed by postposing a clitic -za, -ze or -đa. The rules are as follows:
*-za after animate singular nominative nouns
*-ze after collective singular nominative and accusative nouns
*-đa elsewhere
 
===Verbs===
 
Verbs in Riphean do not inflect for aspect but there are lexical aspects, formed from prefixes (analogous to phrasal verbs in English), root extensions and sometimes suppletion. There are three tenses in Riphean: nonpast, direct past and inferential past, the latter deriving from an Old Riphean pluperfect tense.
 
==Syntax==
 
Syntax in Riphean is quite free.

Latest revision as of 02:57, 1 April 2024

Riphean/Music

Riphean is a para-Balto-Slavic language of Ed Dynje, spoken in our Poland, Prussia, Latvia and Lithuania. It is inspired by Czech and Dutch.

TODO

  • dzas 'gas' (from g'hh2sos, cognate to chaos)

UDHR

Wiži dzíni kiman waleni um lejki zwem chejn um zwame đejžem.

/ˈʋɪʒɪ ˈdziːɲɪ ˈkɪman ˈʋaleɲɪ ɪm ˈlɛjkɪ zʋɛm xɛjn ɪm ˈzʋamɛ ˈðɛjʒɛm/

(um ~ Latin ambō)

hejn ~ τῑμή 'honor', đejše ~ teisė

Phonology

Riphean has consistent initial stress and a prosody similar to Czech.

Morphology

Nouns and adjectives

'the happy person'
nom. zachistľuwe dzín, zachistľuwi dzíni
acc. zachistľuwou dzín, zachistľuwej dzíni
gen. zachistľuwez dzínez, zachistľuwiž dzíni
dat. zachistľuwem dzín, zachistľuwame dzínem

Numerals

ejn, twá, đrí, cheđur, víg, zešt, zevouđ, estuđ, ňouđ, tezou

ejnľez, twáľez, đríľez, cheđurľez, víľez, zešľez, zevaľez, estľez, ňouľez, twácouđi

đrícouđi, cheđurcouđi, vícouđi, zešcouđi, zevacouđi, escouđi, ňucouđi, stou? (random change from kmtom -> ktom, influenced by the ordinal stouđe <- ktm-tos)

Swadesh list

I: ec
thou: đu
he: iž
we: muž
ye: juž
they:
this: siđe
that: đađe
here: sur
there: đur

Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Riphean&oldid=367045"