|
|
| (128 intermediate revisions by 6 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| {{construction}}
| | #REDIRECT [[単亜語]] |
| | |
| [[File:East_Asian_Cultural_Sphere.png|right|300px]] | |
| | |
| {{PAGENAME}} is a zonal auxlang<ref>http://conlangery.com/2013/01/14/conlangery-80-zonal-auxlangs/</ref> intended to be quickly learnable, readily comprehensible, and mutually communicative between persons of the [[w:East Asian cultural sphere]]. It uses Chinese characters for most of its writing, with some forms being simplified according to the [[w:Shinjitai]]/新字体 standards of Japan. It is non-tonal, nearly analytic, SVO, topic-prominent, uses classifiers, is pro-drop, copula-drop, and uses postpositions.
| |
| | |
| == Phonology ==
| |
| {{PAGENAME}} has 5 vowels and 10 consonants.
| |
| | |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 700px; text-align: center;"
| |
| |+'''{{PAGENAME}} Consonants'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="7"|Consonants
| |
| |-
| |
| !
| |
| ! Labial
| |
| ! Dental
| |
| ! Alveolar
| |
| ! Palatal
| |
| ! Velar
| |
| ! Glottal
| |
| |- align="center"
| |
| !Nasals
| |
| |'''m''' /m/
| |
| |
| |
| |'''n '''/n/
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Plosives
| |
| |'''p''' /p ~ b ~pʰ/
| |
| |'''t''' /t ~ d ~ tʰ/
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |'''k''' /k ~ g ~ kʰ/
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| !Fricatives
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | colspan="2" | '''s''' /s ~ ɕ/
| |
| | colspan="3" |'''h''' /h ~ ɦ ~ x/
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Liquids
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |'''l''' /l ~ ɾ/
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Approximants
| |
| | '''w''' /w/
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | '''y''' /j/
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |}
| |
| While there is a great deal of consonantal allophony (see below), every language speaker will experience some sounds as difficult, especially in achieving consistency.
| |
| | |
| | |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 500px; text-align: center;"
| |
| |+'''{{PAGENAME}} Vowels'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="4"|Vowels
| |
| |-
| |
| !
| |
| ! Front
| |
| ! Central
| |
| ! Back
| |
| |-
| |
| ! High
| |
| | '''i''' /i ~ ɪ/
| |
| |
| |
| | '''u''' /u ~ ɯ/
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Mid
| |
| | colspan="2" | '''e''' /e ~ ɛ ~ ə/
| |
| | '''o''' /o ~ ɤ/
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Low
| |
| | colspan="2" | '''a''' /a ~ ä/
| |
| |
| |
| |}
| |
| Again, a great deal of tolerance is required when listening to others. Non-Mandarin speakers will have the hardest time being patient with Chinese vowels, but accents are part of being international!
| |
| | |
| === Phonotactics ===
| |
| The three allowable syllable structures are V, CV, Cya, and CVn. There are gaps in all these series, and allophony.
| |
| | |
| | |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="text-align: center;"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="6" | Simple Syllables
| |
| |-
| |
| ! ø
| |
| | '''a''' <br /> (as in 啊)
| |
| | '''e''' <br /> /e ~ je ~ ə/
| |
| | '''i''' <br /> /i ~ ji/
| |
| | '''o''' <br /> /o ~ wo/
| |
| | '''u''' <br /> /u ~ wu/
| |
| |-
| |
| ! P
| |
| | '''pa''' || '''pe''' || '''pi''' || '''po''' || '''pu'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! T
| |
| | '''ta''' || '''te''' || '''ti''' <br /> /ti ~ t͡ɕi/ || '''to''' || '''tu''' <br /> /tu ~ tsu/
| |
| |-
| |
| ! K
| |
| | '''ka''' || '''ke''' || '''ki''' || '''ko''' || '''ku'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! M
| |
| | '''ma''' || '''me''' || '''mi''' || '''mo''' || '''mu'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! N
| |
| | '''na''' || '''ne''' || '''ni''' || '''no''' || '''nu'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! S
| |
| | '''sa''' || '''se''' || '''si''' <br /> /si ~ ɕi/ || '''so''' || '''su'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! H
| |
| | '''ha''' || '''he''' || '''hi''' || '''ho''' || '''hu'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! L
| |
| | '''la''' || '''le''' || '''li''' || '''lo''' || '''lu'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! W
| |
| | '''wa'''
| |
| | style="background:black;" |
| |
| | style="background:black;" |
| |
| | style="background:black;" |
| |
| | style="background:black;" |
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Y
| |
| | '''ya'''
| |
| | style="background:black;" |
| |
| | style="background:black;" |
| |
| | '''yo''' <br /> /jo ~ joʊ̯/
| |
| | '''yu'''
| |
| |}
| |
| This grid forms the 五十音 of Japanese.
| |
| | |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="text-align: center;"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="5" | Complex Syllables
| |
| |-
| |
| !
| |
| ! ya
| |
| ! an
| |
| ! en
| |
| ! in
| |
| |-
| |
| ! P
| |
| | '''pya'''
| |
| | '''pan'''
| |
| | '''pen'''
| |
| | '''pin'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! T
| |
| | '''tya'''
| |
| | '''tan'''
| |
| | '''ten'''
| |
| | '''tin'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! K
| |
| | style="background:black;" |
| |
| | '''kan'''
| |
| | '''ken'''
| |
| | style="background:black;" |
| |
| |-
| |
| ! M
| |
| | '''mya'''
| |
| | '''man'''
| |
| | '''men'''
| |
| | '''min'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! N
| |
| | '''nya'''
| |
| | '''nan'''
| |
| | '''nen'''
| |
| | '''nin'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! S
| |
| | '''sya'''
| |
| | '''san'''
| |
| | '''sen'''
| |
| | '''sin'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! H
| |
| | style="background:black;" |
| |
| | ''han'''
| |
| | '''hen'''
| |
| | style="background:black;" |
| |
| |}
| |
| The complex syllables of {{PAGENAME}} are clearly much more limited.
| |
| | |
| == References ==
| |
| | |
| | |
| <references />
| |
