Endeqwo: Difference between revisions

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|imagesize= 250px
|imagesize= 250px
|name= Endeqwo  
|name= Endeqwo  
|nativename=''n̥deqʷo''
|nativename=''n̥deqʷo''/''n̥-de-qʷo''
|pronunciation= n̩.de.qʷo
|pronunciation= n̩.de.qʷo
|pronunciation_key = w:IPA chart
|pronunciation_key = w:IPA chart
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|notice=IPA
|notice=IPA
}}
}}
'''Endeqwo''' ([[w:endonym|endonym]]: ''n̥deqʷo''; <small>Endeqwo:</small> [[w:IPA chart|[n̩.de.qʷo]]) is an isolate language, it's mainly inspired by Caucasian languages like Ubykh and Georgian, as well as many other Polysynthetic languages.


==Phonology==
==Phonology==
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! colspan=2 |
! colspan=2 |
! colspan=2 | [[w:Labio-dental consonant|Labial]]
! colspan=2 | [[w:Labio-dental consonant|Labial]]
! colspan=2 | [[w:Alveolar consonant|alveolar]]
! colspan=3 | [[w:Alveolar consonant|alveolar]]
! colspan=2 | [[w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
! colspan=2 | [[w:post-Alveolar consonant|post<br/>-alveolar]]
! colspan=1 rowspan=2 | [[w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
! colspan=2 | [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]]
! colspan=2 | [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]]
! colspan=2 | [[w:Uvular consonant|Uvular]]
! colspan=2 | [[w:Uvular consonant|Uvular]]
Line 32: Line 36:
! colspan=1 | plain
! colspan=1 | plain
! colspan=1 | lab.
! colspan=1 | lab.
! colspan=1 | lat.
! colspan=1 | plain
! colspan=1 | plain
! colspan=1 | lab.
! colspan=1 | lab.
Line 40: Line 45:
|-
|-
! colspan=2 | [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
! colspan=2 | [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced labio-dental nasal|ɱ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced bilabial nasal|m]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced labio-dental nasal|ɱʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced bilabial nasal|mʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|n]], n̩
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|n]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|nʷ]], n̩ʷ
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|nʷ]]
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |  
| colspan=1 |  
| colspan=1 |  
| colspan=1 |  
Line 52: Line 59:
|-
|-
! rowspan=3 | [[w:stop consonant|Stop]] !! voiceless
! rowspan=3 | [[w:stop consonant|Stop]] !! voiceless
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless labio-dental stop|p̪]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless bilabial stop|p]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless labio-dental stop|p̪ʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless bilabial stop|pʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless alveolar stop|t]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless alveolar stop|t]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless alveolar stop|tʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless alveolar stop|tʷ]]
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |  
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|k]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|k]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|kʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|kʷ]]
Line 64: Line 73:
|-
|-
! voiced
! voiced
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced labio-dental stop|b̪]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced bilabial stop|b]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced labio-dental stop|b̪ʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced bilabial stop|bʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar stop|d]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar stop|d]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar stop|dʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar stop|dʷ]]
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |  
| colspan=1 |  
| colspan=1 |  
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced velar stop|g]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced velar stop|g]]
Line 77: Line 88:
! ejective
! ejective
| colspan=1 | [[w:bilabial ejective stop|pʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:bilabial ejective stop|pʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:bilabial ejective stop|pʷʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:alveolar ejective stop|tʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:alveolar ejective stop|tʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:alveolar ejective stop|tʷʼ]]
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 | [[w:velar ejective stop|kʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:velar ejective stop|kʷʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:uvular ejective stop|qʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:uvular ejective stop|qʷʼ]]
|-
! rowspan=3 | [[w:affricate|affricate]] !! voiceless
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless bilabial affricate|p͡f]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless bilabial affricate|p͡fʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless alveolar affricate|t͡s]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless alveolar affricate|t͡sʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless alveolar lateral affricate|t͡ɬ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless post-alveolar affricate|t͡ʃ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless post-alveolar affricate|t͡ʃʷ]]
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless velar affricate|k͡x]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless velar affricate|k͡xʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless uvular affricate|q͡χ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless uvular affricate|q͡χʷ]]
|-
! voiced
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced bilabial affricate|b͡v]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced bilabial affricate|b͡vʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar affricate|d͡z]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar affricate|d͡zʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral affricate|d͡ɮ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced post-alveolar affricate|d͡ʒ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced post-alveolar affricate|d͡ʒʷ]]
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced velar stop|g͡ɣ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced velar stop|g͡ɣʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced uvular stop|ɢ͡ʁ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced uvular stop|ɢ͡ʁʷ]]
|-
! ejective
| colspan=1 | [[w:bilabial ejective stop|p͡fʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:bilabial ejective stop|p͡fʷʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:alveolar ejective stop|t͡sʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:alveolar ejective stop|t͡sʷʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:alveolar lateral ejective affricate|t͡ɬʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:post-alveolar ejective affricate|t͡ʃʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:post-alveolar ejective affricate|t͡ʃʷʼ]]
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 | [[w:velar ejective stop|k͡xʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:velar ejective stop|k͡xʷʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:uvular ejective stop|q͡χʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:uvular ejective stop|q͡χʷʼ]]
|-
|-
! [[w:fricative consonant|Fricative]] !! Voiceless
! rowspan=3 | [[w:fricative consonant|fricative]] !! voiceless
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless labio-dental fricative|f]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless labio-dental fricative|fʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless alveolar fricative|s]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless alveolar fricative|sʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative|ɬ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless post-alveolar fricative|ʃ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless post-alveolar fricative|ʃʷ]]
| colspan=1 |  
| colspan=1 |  
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless velar fricative|x]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative|h]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless velar fricative|xʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless uvular fricative|χ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless uvular fricative|χʷ]]
|-
! voiced
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced labio-dental fricative|v]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced labio-dental fricative|vʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar fricative|z]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar fricative|zʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral fricative|ɮ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced post-alveolar fricative|ʒ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced post-alveolar fricative|ʒʷ]]
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced velar fricative|ɣ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced velar fricative|ɣʷ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced uvular fricative|ʁ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced uvular fricative|ʁʷ]]
|-
! ejective
| colspan=1 | [[w:labio-dental ejective fricative|fʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:labio-dental ejective fricative|fʷʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:alveolar ejective fricative|sʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:alveolar ejective fricative|sʷʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative|ɬʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless post-alveolar fricative|ʃʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiceless post-alveolar fricative|ʃʷʼ]]
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 | [[w:velar ejective fricative|xʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:velar ejective fricative|xʷʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:uvular ejective fricative|χʼ]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:uvular ejective fricative|χʷʼ]]
|-
|-
! colspan=2 |[[w:Approximant consonant|Approximant]]
! colspan=2 |[[w:Approximant consonant|Approximant]]
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced labial approximant|ʋ]]²
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]], [[w:Voiced palatal approximant|j]]
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]]
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced palatal approximant|j]]
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced labio-velar approximant|w]]
| colspan=1 |  
|-
|-
! colspan=2 | [[w:Trill consonant|Trill]]
! colspan=2 | [[w:Trill consonant|Trill]]
| colspan="1" |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiced alveolar trill|r]]
| colspan=1 |
| colspan="1" |
| colspan=1 | [[w:Voiced alveolar trill|r]]
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |
| colspan=1 |  
|}
|}


This is not the proper chart, I will update later (23:20 at time of writing)
Labialization always acts as a /w/ like sound, even in the labial series, where /pʷ/ is not protruded.
 
Consonants distinguish length, as can be seen in the 2nd person object marker, "-qqe" (/qːe/)


===Vowels===
===Vowels===
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! colspan="1" | [[w:Back vowel|back]]
! colspan="1" | [[w:Back vowel|back]]
|-
|-
! [[w:Close vowel|close]]
! [[w:Close vowel|Close]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Close front unrounded vowel|i]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Close back rounded vowel|u]]
|-
! [[w:Mid vowel|Mid]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|e]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|e]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Close-mid back rounded vowel|o]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Close-mid back rounded vowel|o]]
Line 116: Line 239:


===Syllable structure===
===Syllable structure===
The maximum is CVC, this only occurs in compound words like 'tʷʼen' (/tʷʼen/; good life)
===Stress===
===Stress===
===Intonation===
===Intonation===

Latest revision as of 17:54, 28 October 2024


Endeqwo
n̥deqʷo/n̥-de-qʷo
Pronunciation[n̩.de.qʷo]
Created bywfosøra
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Endeqwo (endonym: n̥deqʷo; Endeqwo: [n̩.de.qʷo) is an isolate language, it's mainly inspired by Caucasian languages like Ubykh and Georgian, as well as many other Polysynthetic languages.


Phonology

Consonants

Consonant phonemes
Labial alveolar post
-alveolar 		Palatal Velar Uvular
plain lab. plain lab. lat. plain lab. plain lab. plain lab.
Nasal m mʷ n nʷ ŋ ŋʷ
Stop voiceless p pʷ t tʷ k kʷ q qʷ
voiced b bʷ d dʷ g gʷ ɢ ɢʷ
ejective pʼ pʷʼ tʼ tʷʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ
affricate voiceless p͡f p͡fʷ t͡s t͡sʷ t͡ɬ t͡ʃ t͡ʃʷ k͡x k͡xʷ q͡χ q͡χʷ
voiced b͡v b͡vʷ d͡z d͡zʷ d͡ɮ d͡ʒ d͡ʒʷ g͡ɣ g͡ɣʷ ɢ͡ʁ ɢ͡ʁʷ
ejective p͡fʼ p͡fʷʼ t͡sʼ t͡sʷʼ t͡ɬʼ t͡ʃʼ t͡ʃʷʼ k͡xʼ k͡xʷʼ q͡χʼ q͡χʷʼ
fricative voiceless f fʷ s sʷ ɬ ʃ ʃʷ x xʷ χ χʷ
voiced v vʷ z zʷ ɮ ʒ ʒʷ ɣ ɣʷ ʁ ʁʷ
ejective fʼ fʷʼ sʼ sʷʼ ɬʼ ʃʼ ʃʷʼ xʼ xʷʼ χʼ χʷʼ
Approximant l j w
Trill r

Labialization always acts as a /w/ like sound, even in the labial series, where /pʷ/ is not protruded.

Consonants distinguish length, as can be seen in the 2nd person object marker, "-qqe" (/qːe/)

Vowels

Vowel phonemes
front back
Close i u
Mid e o
open a

Syllable structure

The maximum is CVC, this only occurs in compound words like 'tʷʼen' (/tʷʼen/; good life)

Stress

Intonation

Orthography

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources

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