Old Salhas: Difference between revisions

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|imagesize= 250px
|imagesize= 250px
|name= Salivian
|name= Salivian
|nativename=''ܣܵܠܡܵܣ (Salhas)''
|nativename=''{{term|ܣܵܠܟ݂ܵܣ}} (Salhas)''
|pronunciation= säl.läs
|pronunciation= säl.läs
|pronunciation_key = w:IPA chart
|pronunciation_key = w:IPA chart
|creator=[[User:Wfeozawra|wfosøra]], MrEvil
|creator=[[User:Wfeozawra|wfosøra]], MrEvil
|script1=  
|script1=Syrc
|familycolor=isolate
|ancestor1=Proto-(Placeholder)
|ancestor2=Proto-Salhas (Sparsely attested in the Aramaic script)
|fam1=(Placeholder)
|fam2=Salhasian
|familycolor=
|cws=salv
|cws=salv
|-
|-
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==Phonology==
==Phonology==
===Orthography===
===Orthography===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
! IPA
! b
! bʰ
! ʈ
! ʈʰ
! ɖ
! ɖʰ
! k
! s
! ʂ
! ʐ
! ç
! x
! l
! ɬ
! j
! ʍ
! w
! ɾ
|-
! Script
! ܦ
! ܦ݂
! ܛ
! ܛ݂
! ܜ
! ܜ݂
! ܟ
! ܣ
! ܓ
! ܔ
! ܥ
! ܚ
! ܠ
! ܫ
! ܝ
! ܒ݀
! ܒ
! ܜ݀
|-
! Off. roman.
! b
! ḃ
! t
! ṫ
! d
! ḋ
! k
! s
! š
! z, ž
! c
! x
! l
! ł
! j
! ẇ
! w
! r
|-
|-
! Roman.
! p
! b
! 1
! 7
! t
! d
! k
! s
! 5
! z
! c
! x
! l
! 9
! j
! v
! w
! r
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
! IPA
! y
! ɨ
! u
! ɛ
! ɜ
! o
! ä
|-
! Script
! ܢ݆
! ܢ݅
! ܢܼ
! ܢܹ
! ܢܲ
! ܢܿ
! ܢܵ
|-
! Off. roman.
! y
! i
! u
! e
! ɜ
! o
! a
|-
! Roman.
! y
! i
! u
! e
! 3
! o
! a
|-
|}
There are two romanizations, "off. Roman." is the Official romanization, the second romanization is the one most often used as it's ASCII compliant, the ASCII compliant one will be used here.
The letter "ܢ" is soundless, it only appears at an initial position to hold vowels, for example "ܛܵܠܵܫ" (alaš; not an actual word as of now)
The letters "ܟ݂" and "ܢ̇" are used to mark length, the former for consonants, the latter for vowels
===Consonants===
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|+
!
!
! Bilabial
! colspan=2 | Bilabial
! Alveolar
! Alveolar
! Retroflex
! colspan=2 | Retroflex
! Palatal
! Palatal
! Labio-<br/>Velar
! colspan=2 | Labio-<br/>Velar
! Velar
! Velar
|-
|-
! Stop
! Stop
| p, pʰ
| b, bʰ
|
| ʈ, ʈʰ
| ɖ, ɖʰ
|
|
|
| k
|-
|-
! Fricative
! Fricative
|
|
| s, ɬ
| ʂ
| ʐ
| ç
|
|
| x
|-
|-
! Approximant
! Approximant
|
|
| l
|
|
| j
| ʍ
| w
|
|-
|-
! Flap
! Flap
|
|
| ɾ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|}
|}


===Vowels===
===Vowels===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
!
! Front
! Central
! Back
|-
! Close
| y
| ɨ
| u
|-
! Mid
| ɛ
| ɜ
| o̞
|-
! Open
| colspan=3 | ä
|}
===Prosody===
===Prosody===
====Stress====
====Stress====
Line 44: Line 236:


===Phonotactics===
===Phonotactics===
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
CVC max
 
===Morphophonology===
===Morphophonology===
==Morphology==
==Morphology==
<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. -->
===Nouns===
{| class="multicol"
|-
| {{template:Salhas v-end noun|ܟܵܜܼ݀|karu|ܲ|3|mean='peace'}}
| {{template:Salhas c-end noun|ܚܼܜ݀ܵܦ|xurap|ܲ|3|mean='raven, crow'}}
|}


<!-- Here are some example subcategories:
===Pronouns===
{{template:salhas pronouns}}


Nouns
===Verbs===
Adjectives
{{template:salhas verb active|ܦܵܟܹܫ|pake9|ܲ|3|mean='to be angry'}}
Verbs
Adverbs
Particles
Derivational morphology


-->
An /ɜ/ may be inserted between /ɬ/ and /ʐ/ when the two consonants occur next to each other.
 
The verbal affix order is voice-participle-pronoun--negative-perfect-tense-mood
 
To form the participle, take the first person singular form and add the participle affix in the appopriate location
 
===Adjectives and Determiners===
===Adverbs===
===Numbers===


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
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<!-- An example of a translated or unique text written in your language. Again, it is recommended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->
<!-- An example of a translated or unique text written in your language. Again, it is recommended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->
==Other resources==
==Other resources==
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
* [[Old Salhas/Swadesh|Swadesh]]
 
* [[:Category:Old Salhas lemmas|Lemmas]]
<!-- Template area -->
* [[Old Salhas/Phrases|Phrases]]
 


[[Category:Salivian]]
[[Category:Old Salhas]]
[[Category:Salhas Languages]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Latest revision as of 23:16, 16 November 2024


Salivian
ܣܵܠܟ݂ܵܣ (Salhas)
Pronunciation[säl.läs]
Created bywfosøra, MrEvil
(Placeholder)
  • Salhasian
    • Salivian
Early forms
Proto-(Placeholder)
  • Proto-Salhas (Sparsely attested in the Aramaic script)
ConWorkShopsalv
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Phonology

Orthography

IPA b bʰ ʈ ʈʰ ɖ ɖʰ k s ʂ ʐ ç x l ɬ j ʍ w ɾ
Script ܦ ܦ݂ ܛ ܛ݂ ܜ ܜ݂ ܟ ܣ ܓ ܔ ܥ ܚ ܠ ܫ ܝ ܒ݀ ܒ ܜ݀
Off. roman. b ḃ t ṫ d ḋ k s š z, ž c x l ł j ẇ w r
Roman. p b 1 7 t d k s 5 z c x l 9 j v w r
IPA y ɨ u ɛ ɜ o ä
Script ܢ݆ ܢ݅ ܢܼ ܢܹ ܢܲ ܢܿ ܢܵ
Off. roman. y i u e ɜ o a
Roman. y i u e 3 o a

There are two romanizations, "off. Roman." is the Official romanization, the second romanization is the one most often used as it's ASCII compliant, the ASCII compliant one will be used here.

The letter "ܢ" is soundless, it only appears at an initial position to hold vowels, for example "ܛܵܠܵܫ" (alaš; not an actual word as of now)

The letters "ܟ݂" and "ܢ̇" are used to mark length, the former for consonants, the latter for vowels

Consonants

Bilabial Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Labio-
Velar 		Velar
Stop p, pʰ b, bʰ ʈ, ʈʰ ɖ, ɖʰ k
Fricative s, ɬ ʂ ʐ ç x
Approximant l j ʍ w
Flap ɾ

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close y ɨ u
Mid ɛ ɜ o̞
Open ä

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

CVC max

Morphophonology

Morphology

Nouns

Pronouns

Verbs

An /ɜ/ may be inserted between /ɬ/ and /ʐ/ when the two consonants occur next to each other.

The verbal affix order is voice-participle-pronoun--negative-perfect-tense-mood

To form the participle, take the first person singular form and add the participle affix in the appopriate location

Adjectives and Determiners

Adverbs

Numbers

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources

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