Qut: Difference between revisions
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===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
Qut nouns are | Qut nouns are separated between two classes, named I (non-pluriform) and II (pluriform), which are separated between IIa and IIb. Their difference is in genitive and possession constructions based on three forms | ||
Absolute form - The basic form of a noun; a noun which is not possessed. | |||
N1 - The form of the possessed noun, when associated with the possessive prefixes for the 1st person singular, 2nd person singular or plural, and 3rd person singular or plural | |||
N2 - The form of the possessed noun, when associated with the possessive prefixes for the 1st person plural exclusive or inclusive or the form of the nomen regens in a genitive clause : Pedro '''mãkua''', "Pedro's '''father'''" | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| Line 155: | Line 161: | ||
! IIb | ! IIb | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="2" | | ! rowspan="2" | Absolute form | ||
| sa | | sa | ||
| goaba | | goaba | ||
| Line 223: | Line 229: | ||
| NP mãkua | | NP mãkua | ||
|- style="font-style:italic;" | |- style="font-style:italic;" | ||
| NP's arrow | | NP's arrow / arrow of NP | ||
| NP's house | | NP's house / house of NP | ||
| NP's father | | NP's father / father of NP | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 257: | Line 263: | ||
[[Category:Languages]] | [[Category:Languages]] | ||
[[Category:Conlangs]] | [[Category:Conlangs]] | ||
[[Category:American indigenous languages]] | |||
[[Category:Qutian languages]] | |||
Latest revision as of 17:08, 12 November 2024
Introduction
Qut (Qut nã'anĩ) is a native South American language spoken on the North of the Amazonian forest, at the borders of Rio Negro.
Phonology
Orthography
Consonants
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||
| Plosive | p, b | t ~ t͡ʃ, d | k, g | q | ʔ |
| Fricative | s | ||||
| Flap | ɾ |
Vowels
| Frontal | Central | Back | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | nasal | plain | nasal | plain | nasal | |
| Close | i | ĩ | ɨ | ɨ̃ | u | ũ |
| Mid close | o | õ | ||||
| Mid open | ɛ | ɛ̃ | ||||
| Open | a | ã | ||||
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns
Qut nouns are separated between two classes, named I (non-pluriform) and II (pluriform), which are separated between IIa and IIb. Their difference is in genitive and possession constructions based on three forms
Absolute form - The basic form of a noun; a noun which is not possessed.
N1 - The form of the possessed noun, when associated with the possessive prefixes for the 1st person singular, 2nd person singular or plural, and 3rd person singular or plural
N2 - The form of the possessed noun, when associated with the possessive prefixes for the 1st person plural exclusive or inclusive or the form of the nomen regens in a genitive clause : Pedro mãkua, "Pedro's father"
| I | IIa | IIb | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absolute form | sa | goaba | mãkua |
| arrow | house | father | |
| 1SG | pasa | pagoaba | pabakua |
| mine arrow | my house | my father | |
| 2SG | rosa | rogoaba | robakua |
| thine arrow | thy house | thy father | |
| 3 | usa | ugoaba | ubakua |
| his/their arrow | his/their house | his/their father | |
| 1PL EXCL | tysa | tyñõãmã | tymãkua |
| our arrow | our house | our father | |
| 1PL INCL | rysa | ryñõãmã | rymãkua |
| our arrow | our house | our father | |
| 2PL | ru'sa | ru'goaba | ru'bakua |
| your arrow | your house | your father | |
| Genitive construction | NP sa | NP ñõãmã | NP mãkua |
| NP's arrow / arrow of NP | NP's house / house of NP | NP's father / father of NP |