Babamwek: Difference between revisions
Jukethatbox (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
Jukethatbox (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| (11 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 49: | Line 49: | ||
! rowspan=2 | Plosive | ! rowspan=2 | Plosive | ||
! voiceless | ! voiceless | ||
| p pʲ || t || c || k || rowspan=2 | ʔ ʔʲ | | p pʲ || t || c || k || rowspan=2 | ʔ (ʔʲ) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! voiced | ! voiced | ||
| Line 62: | Line 62: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! voiced | ! voiced | ||
| || || | | || z || ʑ || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan=2 | Approximant | ! colspan=2 | Approximant | ||
| w || l || j || || | | w || l || j || || | ||
|} | |} | ||
/ŋ/ is phonemically /ʔn/ and is written as such in Babamwikũ(⟨°○⟩) but is romanised as ''‘ng'' supposedly to fit the phonetic pronunciation, even if the glottal stop is not pronounced phonetically either. | |||
/ʔʲ/ is a phoneme of /j/ pronounced only in "absolute" initial positions, meaning it can revert to /j/ through [[w:Sandhi|liaison]], as in the word ''yagmũn''(°°∆Ż□7ʼ○) "board game, a board game" would be pronounced [ʔʲɐɡmũn], but if liaisoned with particles or other vowel-coda words before, a native speaker would typically pronounce the /ʔʲ/ as /j/, as in ''ti yagmũn''(ǀX °°∆Ż□7ʼ○) would be pronounced [ti͜ jɐɡmũn]. | |||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center; | {| class=wikitable style="text-align: center; | ||
| Line 116: | Line 119: | ||
|} | |} | ||
¹ The "vocative case" is not an actual vocative case, and is only called so out of convention. It is instead an extension of the accusative case and is more of an "honorific case", used to politely address(if speaking to the object in question) or politely refer to(if not) the object. | ¹ The "vocative case" is not an actual vocative case, and is only called so out of convention. It is instead an extension of the accusative case and is more of an "honorific case", used to politely address(if speaking to the object in question) or politely refer to(if not) the object. | ||
====Demonstrative==== | |||
Demonstrative pronouns are placed before the word, as in ''ti sagãppi''(ǀX ▷∆Ż∆ʼ⁼⁼X) "this star". However, the plural forms have to be placed before a plurality marker(either ''gũ''(Ż7ʼ) or ''ṇĩ''(⬤Xʼ) based on animacy), as in ''tĩ gũ sagãppi''(ǀXʼ Ż7ʼ ▷∆Ż∆ʼ⁼⁼X) "these stars". | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
! !! Singular !! Plural | |||
|- | |||
! Proximal | |||
| ''ti''(ǀX) || ''tĩ''(ǀXʼ) | |||
|- | |||
! Medial | |||
| ''di''(ǀǀX) || ''dĩ''(ǀǀXʼ) | |||
|- | |||
! Distal | |||
| ''du''(ǀǀ7) || ''dũ''(ǀǀ7ʼ) | |||
|} | |||
[[Category:Babamwek]] [[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Conlangs]] [[Category:A priori]] | |||
Latest revision as of 19:58, 8 January 2025
 | This article is private. The author requests that you do not make changes to this project without approval. By all means, please help fix spelling, grammar and organisation problems, thank you. |
| Babamwek | |
|---|---|
| ⁼Δ⁼Δʼ■XZ papãṃik | |
| Pronunciation | pɐpɐ̃mʷik |
| Created by | Jukethatbox |
| Date | 2025 |
| Native to | Gabbab |
| Ethnicity | Manti people(Mantis species) |
Greenhopper
| |
| Babamwikũ | |
| Official status | |
Official language in | Gabbab, United Federation |
Recognised minority language in | United Federation |
Babamwek(⁼Δ⁼Δʼ■XZ papãṃik [pɐpɐ̃mʷik]) is a Mantidien Greenhopper language spoken by the sentient Manti people descended from the European mantis(Mantis religiosa). It is written primarily with the Babamwikũ alphabet, and is an official language of the Gabbab communes of the United Federation.
Phonology
Orthography
The Babamwek script, called Babamwikũ(⁼Δ⁼Δʼ■XZ7ʼ papãṃikũ)
Consonants
| Babamwikũ | ⁼ | ⁼⁼ | | | || | Z | ZZ | Ż | ŻŻ | ° | °° | □ | ■ | ○ | ⬤ | ⚇ | ▷ | ▶ | ◁ | ◀ | Y | V | T |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Romanisation | p | pp | t | d | k | kk | g | gg | ‘ | y | m | ṃ | n ng |
ṇ | ñ | s | z | sh | zh | x | w | l |
| IPA | /p/ | /pʲ/ | /t/ | /d/ | /k/ | /c/ | /g/ | /ɟ/ | /ʔ/ | /ʔʲ/ /j/ |
/m/ | /mʷ/ | /n/ /ŋ/ |
/nʷ/ | /ɲ/ | /s/ | /z/ | /ɕ/ | /ʑ/ | /x/ | /w/ | /l/ |
Vowels
| Babamwikũ | ∆ ∆ʼ |
X Xʼ |
7 7ʼ |
⛥ ⛥ʼ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Romanisation | a ã |
i ĩ |
u ũ |
o õ |
| IPA | /ɐ/ /ɐ̃/ |
/i~ɨ/ /ĩ/ |
/u/ /ũ/ |
/ɔ/ /ɔ̃/ |
Consonants
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | p pʲ | t | c | k | ʔ (ʔʲ) |
| voiced | d | ɟ | g | |||
| Nasal | m mʷ | n nʷ | ɲ | (ŋ) | ||
| Fricative | voiceless | s | ɕ | x | ||
| voiced | z | ʑ | ||||
| Approximant | w | l | j | |||
/ŋ/ is phonemically /ʔn/ and is written as such in Babamwikũ(⟨°○⟩) but is romanised as ‘ng supposedly to fit the phonetic pronunciation, even if the glottal stop is not pronounced phonetically either.
/ʔʲ/ is a phoneme of /j/ pronounced only in "absolute" initial positions, meaning it can revert to /j/ through liaison, as in the word yagmũn(°°∆Ż□7ʼ○) "board game, a board game" would be pronounced [ʔʲɐɡmũn], but if liaisoned with particles or other vowel-coda words before, a native speaker would typically pronounce the /ʔʲ/ as /j/, as in ti yagmũn(ǀX °°∆Ż□7ʼ○) would be pronounced [ti͜ jɐɡmũn].
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i ĩ | u ũ | |
| Open-mid | ɔ ɔ̃ | ||
| Open | ɐ ɐ̃ | ||
/i/ can be pronounced as far back as /ɨ/, though in general /ĩ/ remains in the area of /ĩ~ɪ̝̃/.
Grammar
Word order
Babamwek uses an OSV word order, which fits a general Greenhopper language pattern of object-initial word orders(OSV or OVS).
Pronouns
Personal
| Nominative | Accusative | Vocative¹ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | First | ĩṃa(Xʼ■∆) | ĩṃin(Xʼ■X○) | - | |
| Second | moa(□⛥∆) | mõṃa(□⛥ʼ■∆) | mõṃigi(□⛥ʼ■XŻX) | ||
| Third | pãwi(⁼∆ʼVX) | padãi(⁼∆ǁ∆ʼX) | padãgi(⁼∆ǁ∆ʼŻX) | ||
| Plural | First | Inclusive | kãtũ (Z∆ʼǀ7ʼ) | gwãyik(ŻV∆ʼ°°XZ) | - |
| Exclusive | kõpi(Z⛥ʼ⁼X) | awiõu(∆VX⛥ʼ7) | |||
| Second | pwiun(⁼VX7○) | ṇaya(⬤∆°°∆) | ṇaigim(⬤∆XŻX□) | ||
| Third | ‘ãwa(°∆ʼV∆) | ‘uṇũ‘ng(°7⬤7ʼ°○) | - | ||
¹ The "vocative case" is not an actual vocative case, and is only called so out of convention. It is instead an extension of the accusative case and is more of an "honorific case", used to politely address(if speaking to the object in question) or politely refer to(if not) the object.
Demonstrative
Demonstrative pronouns are placed before the word, as in ti sagãppi(ǀX ▷∆Ż∆ʼ⁼⁼X) "this star". However, the plural forms have to be placed before a plurality marker(either gũ(Ż7ʼ) or ṇĩ(⬤Xʼ) based on animacy), as in tĩ gũ sagãppi(ǀXʼ Ż7ʼ ▷∆Ż∆ʼ⁼⁼X) "these stars".
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| Proximal | ti(ǀX) | tĩ(ǀXʼ) |
| Medial | di(ǀǀX) | dĩ(ǀǀXʼ) |
| Distal | du(ǀǀ7) | dũ(ǀǀ7ʼ) |