Neck Thai: Difference between revisions

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[[Neckthai/Lexicon|Lexicon]]
{{movedon}}
 
[[Neck Thai/Lexicon|Lexicon]]


{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
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|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]]
|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]]
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|nativename = Nékthij dòai
|nativename = dòai Nékthijʔ
|pronunciation = /nék.tʰāj ɗɔ̀ːj/
|pronunciation = /ɗɔ̀ːj nék.tʰăj/
|region = Nékthijmien
|region = Nékthijmien
|setting = Hussmauch
|setting = Hussmauch
|states =  
|states =  
|speakers = 50 million
|speakers = 20 million
|date = 2200 v.C.
|date = 2200 v.C.
|familycolor=Tai-Kadai
|familycolor=Tai-Kadai
|fam1=Tie-Dye
|fam1=[[Tie–Dye languages|Tie–Dye]]
|fam2=[[Tie languages|Tie]]
|script={{PAGENAME}} abugida
|script={{PAGENAME}} abugida
}}
}}


'''{{PAGENAME}}''' (native name ''Nék-thij dòai'' /nék.tʰāj ɗɔ̀ːj/) is a Tie-Dye language with over 50 million speakers. It is the official language of Neckthailand (''Nékthijmien'')
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' (native name ''dòai Nék-thijʔ'' /ɗɔ̀ːj nék.tʰăj/) is a [[Tie–Dye languages|Tie–Dye language]] with over 50 million speakers. It is the official language of Neck Thailand (''Nékthijmien'')
==Todo==
*''Phlét Kwaai'' = Capital of Neck Thailand
==Diachronics==
===Proto-Tie to Proto-Neckic===
 
===Proto-Neckic to Old Neck Thai===
===Old Neck Thai to Modern Neck Thai===
==Phonology==
==Phonology==
===Consonants===
===Consonants===
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!  |Labial
!  |Labial
!  |Alveolar
!  |Alveolar
!  |Click
!  |Coart.
!  |Palatal
!  |Palatal
!  |Velar
!  |Velar
Line 36: Line 46:
| '''m''' /m/
| '''m''' /m/
| '''n''' /n/
| '''n''' /n/
| '''nǃx''' /ŋǃ/
|  
|  
|  
| '''ng''' /ŋ/
| '''ng''' /ŋ/
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| '''p''' /p/
| '''p''' /p/
| '''t''' /t/
| '''t''' /t/
| '''ǃx''' /ǃ/
|  
| '''tj''' /tɕ/
| '''tj''' /tɕ/
| '''k''' /k/
| '''k''' /k/
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| '''ph''' /pʰ/
| '''ph''' /pʰ/
| '''th''' /tʰ/
| '''th''' /tʰ/
| '''ǃxh''' /ǃʰ/
|  
| '''tjh''' /tɕʰ/
| '''tjh''' /tɕʰ/
| '''kh''' /kʰ/
| '''kh''' /kʰ/
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| '''v''' /f/
| '''v''' /f/
| '''z''' /s/
| '''z''' /s/
| '''sch''' /ɧ/
|  
|  
|
| '''g''' /x/
| '''g, sch''' /x/
|  
|  
| '''h''' /h/
| '''h''' /h/
|-
|-
! colspan="2"|Trill/App.
! colspan="2"|Approximant
| '''w''' /w/
| '''w''' /ʋ/
| '''l''' /l/
|  
|  
| '''j''' /j/
|  
|  
| '''j''' /j/
|  
|  
| '''r''' /ʀ~ʁ/
|  
|  
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Lat. app.
! colspan="2" |Liquid
|  
|  
| '''l''' /l/
| '''r''' /r/
|  
|  
|  
|  
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|}
|}


Allowed initial clusters: '''pl, pr, phl, phr, vl, vr, tr, thr, ǃxr, ǃxhr, kl, kr, kw, khl, khr, khw'''
Allowed initial clusters: '''pl, phl, pr, phr, vl, vr, tr, thr, schr, kl, khl, gl, kr, khr, gr, kw, khw'''


Many speakers in the capital Houwá Thing Vîer merge the pairs /pʀ pʰʀ/, /tʀ tʰʀ/, and /kʀ kʰʀ/. /ǃ(ʰ)ʀ/ is often pronounced as [ǃ(ʰ)]. Some dialects merge /ʀ-/ and /ŋ-/ into a nasalized uvular flap /ʀ̆ⁿ/ or approximant /ʁ̃/ and also simplify all Cr clusters to C.
Some dialects pronounce /r/ as a uvular trill [ʀ] - in these dialects, /pʀ pʰʀ/, /tʀ tʰʀ/ and /kʀ kʰʀ/ are merged, and /ǃʀ/ is often pronounced as [ǃ].


====Finals====
====Finals====
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! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
| '''m''' [m]
| '''m''' [m]
| '''n, l''' [n]
| '''n''' [n]
| '''ng, r''' [ŋ]
| '''ng''' [ŋ]
|  
|  
|-
|-
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! colspan="2" |App.
! colspan="2" |App.
| ('''uw''' [w])
| ('''uw''' [w])
|  
| '''l''' [l]
| ('''i''' [j])
| ('''i''' [j])
|  
|  
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| '''i''' /i/
| '''i''' /i/
| '''ie''' /iː/
| '''ie''' /iː/
| '''u''' /ɯᵝ/
| '''u''' /ʉ/
| '''uu''' /ɯᵝː/
| '''uu''' /ʉː/
|  
| '''œ''' /u/
| '''oe''' /uː/
| '''oe''' /uː/
|-
|-
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| '''e''' /e/
| '''e''' /e/
| '''ee''' /eː/
| '''ee''' /eː/
| '''eo''' /ɤ/
| '''eo''' /ə/
| '''eu''' /ɤː/
| '''eu''' /ɵː/
| '''o''' /o/
| '''o''' /o/
| '''oo''' /oː/
| '''oo''' /oː/
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!colspan="2"|Short
!colspan="2"|Short
|-
|-
!Neckthai
!Neck Thai
!IPA
!IPA
!Neckthai
!Neck Thai
!IPA
!IPA
|-
|-
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|'''aauw'''
|'''aauw'''
|{{IPA|/aːw/}}
|{{IPA|/aːw/}}
|'''ouw, ou'''
|'''ou'''
|{{IPA|/aw/}}
|{{IPA|/aw/}}
|-
|-
|'''ia'''
|'''ia'''
|{{IPA|/iːa/}}
|{{IPA|/iːɐ/}}
|'''ia' '''
|'''ia' '''
|{{IPA|/ia/}}
|{{IPA|/iɐʔ/}}
|-
|-
|'''ieuw'''
|'''ieuw'''
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|-
|-
|'''oea'''
|'''oea'''
|{{IPA|/uːa/}}
|{{IPA|/uːɐ/}}
|'''oea' '''
|'''oea' '''
|{{IPA|/ua/}}
|{{IPA|/uɐʔ/}}
|-
|-
|'''oei'''
|'''oei'''
|{{IPA|/uːj/}}
|{{IPA|/uːj/}}
|–
|'''œi'''
|–
|/uj/
|-
|-
|'''eeuw'''
|'''eeuw'''
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|-
|-
|'''ua'''
|'''ua'''
|{{IPA|/ɯːa/}}
|{{IPA|/ʉːɐ/}}
|'''ua' '''
|'''ua' '''
|{{IPA|/ɯa/}}
|{{IPA|/ʉɐʔ/}}
|-
|-
|'''eui'''
|'''eui'''
|{{IPA|/ɤːj/}}
|{{IPA|/ɵːj/}}
|'''ui'''
|'''ui'''
|{{IPA|/ɤj/}}
|{{IPA|/ɵj/}}
|-
|-
|'''oai'''
|'''oai'''
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{|class="bluetable lightbluebg"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg"
|-
|-
!Neckthai
!Neck Thai
!IPA
!IPA
|-
|-
|'''iauw'''
|'''iauw'''
|{{IPA|/iaw/}}
|{{IPA|/iɐw/}}
|-
|-
|'''oeai'''
|'''oeai'''
|{{IPA|/uaj/}}
|{{IPA|/uɐj/}}
|-
|-
|'''uai'''
|'''uai'''
|{{IPA|/ɯaj/}}
|{{IPA|/ʉɐj/}}
|}
|}


===Tones===
===Tones===
Standard Neckthai uses 5 tones.
Standard Neck Thai uses 5 tones.
*Mid: ''raa'' /ʀāː/ [ʀaː˧] 'easy'
*Mid: ''raa'' /rāː/ [raː˧] 'easy'
*Low: ''ràa'' /ʀàː/ [ʀaː˨˩] 'loud'
*Low: ''ràa'' /ràː/ [raː˨˩] 'loud'
*Falling: ''râa'' /ʀâː/ [ʀaː˥˩˩] 'fruit'
*Falling: ''râa'' /râː/ [raː˥˩˩] 'fruit'
*High: ''ráa'' /ʀáː/ [ʀaː˥] 'white'
*High: ''ráa'' /ráː/ [raː˥] 'white'
*Rising: ''raaʔ'' /ʀǎː/ [ʀaː˨˩˦] 'vase'
*Rising: ''raaʔ'' /rǎː/ [raː˨˩˦] 'vase'


==Orthography==
==Orthography==
[[File:Neckthai_script.png]]<!--
Neck Thai is written in a version of the [[Tergetian]] abugida.
Neckthai is written in a version of the [[Tergetian]] abugida.
 
A ''kháschàwijjálijn'' (''Gerschweierlein''; an analogue to the Thai ''thanthakhat'') is a %-like diacritic that marks consonants that are silenced in the Neckthai pronunciation of Wiebian loanwords. For example, ''wan'' 'body; physical object' is written ϕ<sub>n</sub>!ϙ<sup>%</sup> (''wand<sup>%</sup>'', reflecting Wiebian ''Wande'' 'body') with a ''kháschàwijjálijn'' over the ''d''.


*'''∑ ε''' - ''tràap'' (Wiebian ''Trab'')
*'''∑ ε''' - ''tràap'' (Wiebian ''Trab'')
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*_{2i} = /ɯː/
*_{2i} = /ɯː/
*_{2i}∞ = /ɯːɐ/
*_{2i}∞ = /ɯːɐ/
-->


==Grammar==
==Grammar==
===Pronouns===
===Pronouns===
*I: ''khôet''
*I: ''khôet''
*thou: ''òer''
*thou: ''òeng''
*we: ''ngàe''
*we: ''ngàe''


==Loanwords==
==Loanwords==
Many {{PAGENAME}} words are derived from Wiebian and are pronounced close to [[Ancient Wiebian]] or early Middle Wiebian. For illustration of how [[Wiebian]] loanwords are treated in {{PAGENAME}}, this is the full name of Houwá Thing Vîer, the capital of Neckthailand:
Many {{PAGENAME}} words are [[Wiebian]] loanwords which come from all stages of Wiebian, Ancient Wiebian to modern lects. [[Tergetian]] and [[Whetmer]] are also significant sources of loanwords.
 
Loanwords from [[Ancient Wiebian]]:
*''hét'' 'queen, lady' (< Ancient Wiebian ''Heste'' /ˈhɛstə/ 'wife')
 
==Numbers==
uum - 0
 
tjhanʔ - 1
 
ijʔ - 2
 
vòet - 3
 
gâai - 4
 
zèng - 5
 
!xìet - 6
 
vae - 7
 
nôea - 8
 
ngîat - 9
 
ràat - 10


:'''''Khrúmá ǃXijphen Zàtaalá Vaeʔná Zàtijlen ǃXhruuzenʔ Tràk Zàtrèzèt Khéschàwijʔphét ǃXhijn Théloatèt Kia Wítzàtà ǃXan Wágenʔ Phlátzàtouvenʔ ǃXìjk Trouphen Khéteul Thétkhouzèt Houwá Thing Vîer'''''
jæ̂ng - 100
:/kʰrɯ́ʔmɐ́ʔ ǃāipʰēn sɐ̀ʔtāːlɐ́ʔ fɛ̌ːnɐ́ʔ sɐ̀ʔtāilēn ǃʰʀɯ̄ːsěn tʀɐ̀k | sɐ̀ʔtʀèʔsèt kʰéʔxɐ̀ʔwǎipʰét ǃʰāin | tʰéʔlɔ̄ːtèt kīːɐ wítsɐ̀ʔtɐ̀ʔ ǃɐ̄n wɐ́ʔxěn pʰlɐ́tsɐ̀ʔtāufěn ǃàik | tʀāupʰēn kʰétɤ̄ːn tʰétkʰāusèt hāuwɐ́ʔ tʰīŋ fîːŋ/
:In [[Wiebian]] spelling: ''Grümmerŧeibenstalerfernersteilenđrüßentrachtensträtzesgeschweibesđeinesdelorteskierwisterŧannwachenblatzstaufenŧeischestraubengetöhldesgaußeshauerdinŧ Vîer''
:<small>Grümmer-Ŧeiben-Staler-Ferner-Steilen-Đrüßen-Trachten Strätzes-Geschweibes-Đeines Delortes-kier-Wister-Ŧann-Wachen-Blatz-Staufen-Ŧeisches Trauben-Getöhl-Desgaußes-Hauer-Dinŧ Vîer</small>
:<small>ancient harp ??? ??? ??? ??? create-VN art wisdom-DAT shine-VN PL-eon-DAT ten wister marble wall under-royal_subject guard-VN celestial_body splendor PASS-exalt-VN king miracle city</small>
:''The miracle of the exalted king of celestial splendor who created paradise, shines in art and wisdom, and guards his subjects in a ten-wister-long eternal marble wall (1 Wister = 20 km)''


==Derivational morphology==
==Derivational morphology==


[[Category:Pseudo-Germanic]][[Category:Hussmauch]]
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]

Latest revision as of 13:01, 31 October 2017

Lexicon

Neck Thai
dòai Nékthijʔ
Nékthij dòai.png
Pronunciation[/ɗɔ̀ːj nék.tʰăj/]
Created byIlL
SettingHussmauch
Native speakers20 million (2200 v.C.)
Tie–Dye

Neck Thai (native name dòai Nék-thijʔ /ɗɔ̀ːj nék.tʰăj/) is a Tie–Dye language with over 50 million speakers. It is the official language of Neck Thailand (Nékthijmien)

Todo

  • Phlét Kwaai = Capital of Neck Thailand

Diachronics

Proto-Tie to Proto-Neckic

Proto-Neckic to Old Neck Thai

Old Neck Thai to Modern Neck Thai

Phonology

Consonants

Initials

Neck Thai initials
Labial Alveolar Coart. Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
Nasal m /m/ n /n/ ng /ŋ/
Plosive plain p /p/ t /t/ tj /tɕ/ k /k/ /ʔ/
aspirated ph /pʰ/ th /tʰ/ tjh /tɕʰ/ kh /kʰ/
implosive b /ɓ~b/ d /ɗ~d/
Fricative v /f/ z /s/ sch /ɧ/ g /x/ h /h/
Approximant w /ʋ/ l /l/ j /j/
Liquid r /r/

Allowed initial clusters: pl, phl, pr, phr, vl, vr, tr, thr, schr, kl, khl, gl, kr, khr, gr, kw, khw

Some dialects pronounce /r/ as a uvular trill [ʀ] - in these dialects, /pʀ pʰʀ/, /tʀ tʰʀ/ and /kʀ kʰʀ/ are merged, and /ǃʀ/ is often pronounced as [ǃ].

Finals

Neck Thai finals
Labial Alveolar Dorsal Laryngeal
Nasal m [m] n [n] ng [ŋ]
Plosive p [p̚] t [t̚] k [k̚] ' [ʔ]
App. (uw [w]) l [l] (i [j])

Vowels

Monophthongs

Neck Thai monophthongs
Front Central Back
short long short long short long
Close i /i/ ie /iː/ u /ʉ/ uu /ʉː/ œ /u/ oe /uː/
Close-mid e /e/ ee /eː/ eo /ə/ eu /ɵː/ o /o/ oo /oː/
Open-mid æ /ɛ/ ae /ɛː/ ọ /ɔ/ oa /ɔː/
Open a /ɐ/ aa /aː/

Diphthongs

Long Short
Neck Thai IPA Neck Thai IPA
aai /aːj/ ij /aj/
aauw /aːw/ ou /aw/
ia /iːɐ/ ia' /iɐʔ/
ieuw /iːw/ – –
oea /uːɐ/ oea' /uɐʔ/
oei /uːj/ œi /uj/
eeuw /eːw/ euw /ew/
aeuw /ɛːw/ – –
ua /ʉːɐ/ ua' /ʉɐʔ/
eui /ɵːj/ ui /ɵj/
oai /ɔːj/ – –
ooi /oːj/ oi /oj/

Triphthongs

Neck Thai IPA
iauw /iɐw/
oeai /uɐj/
uai /ʉɐj/

Tones

Standard Neck Thai uses 5 tones.

  • Mid: raa /rāː/ [raː˧] 'easy'
  • Low: ràa /ràː/ [raː˨˩] 'loud'
  • Falling: râa /râː/ [raː˥˩˩] 'fruit'
  • High: ráa /ráː/ [raː˥] 'white'
  • Rising: raaʔ /rǎː/ [raː˨˩˦] 'vase'

Orthography

Neck Thai is written in a version of the Tergetian abugida.

  • ∑ ε - tràap (Wiebian Trab)
  • Ь ь - khan (Wiebian Galst)
  • Ǝ 3 - kon (Wiebian Koll)
  • Φ ϕ - wia (Wiebian Wirr)
  • Ṭ ! - nâak (Wiebian Narch)
  • Ξ ξ - lék (Wiebian Lecken)
  • Κ κ - krìet (Wiebian Kried)
  • Z z - vèkhîet (Wiebian Pfegied)
  • F f - ang (Wiebian Ang)
  • ∇ ʋ̌ - ǃxìjp (Wiebian Ŧeib)
  • Λ λ - jam (Wiebian Jamm)
  • ∫ s - vìt (Wiebian Fitt)
  • Þ þ - mâek (Wiebian Μersch)
  • Ψ ψ - thák (Wiebian Dachel)
  • Θ θ - ǃxhrôek (Wiebian Đruch)
  • X x - ríp (Wiebian Rift)
  • ℘ ρ - gát (Primitive Tergetian ġattis)
  • V v - schànàat (Wiebian Schnad)
  • W w - thíschà schànàat (Wiebian discher Schnad) (for high-class /s/ in native words)
  • Q q - hamʔ (Wiebian Hammel)
  • Г г - phrôek (Wiebian Brug)
  • 8 γ - sèkham (Wiebian Zegahm) (for mid-class /s/ deriving from Wiebian z)

Vowel symbols

  • ^t = /ɐ/
  • _t = /aː/
  • ^n, ^{2t} = /e/
  • _n, _{2t} = /eː/
  • ^m = /ɛ/
  • _m, ^n∞, _n∞ = /ɛː/
  • ^2 = /i/
  • _2 = /i/
  • _2∞ = /iːɐ/
  • ^r = /o/
  • _r = /oː/
  • ^N = /ɔ/
  • _N, ^r∞, _r∞ = /ɔː/
  • _i = /uː/
  • _i∞ = /uːɐ/
  • ^{2r} = /ɤ/
  • _{2r}, ^{2r}∞, _{2r}∞ = /ɤː/
  • ^{2i} = /ɯ/
  • _{2i} = /ɯː/
  • _{2i}∞ = /ɯːɐ/

Grammar

Pronouns

  • I: khôet
  • thou: òeng
  • we: ngàe

Loanwords

Many Neck Thai words are Wiebian loanwords which come from all stages of Wiebian, Ancient Wiebian to modern lects. Tergetian and Whetmer are also significant sources of loanwords.

Loanwords from Ancient Wiebian:

  • hét 'queen, lady' (< Ancient Wiebian Heste /ˈhɛstə/ 'wife')

Numbers

uum - 0

tjhanʔ - 1

ijʔ - 2

vòet - 3

gâai - 4

zèng - 5

!xìet - 6

vae - 7

nôea - 8

ngîat - 9

ràat - 10

jæ̂ng - 100

Derivational morphology

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