Húsnorsk: Difference between revisions

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[[Húsnorsk]] (/husnorsk/; [[w:endonym|endonym]]: ''Húsanorska''; Varhúsnorsk: /xuː.sa.nor.ska/; Nygadsnorsk: /xuː.sa.nor.ska/; Jugsnorsk: [xʊu̯.sɐ.nor.~~skɐ~~]) is a distinct Nordic language (or possibly two closely related languages), it is so named "House Norse" for its historical vernacular status. Húsnorsk has long been considered the continuation of the Norse spoken by the Varangians. Húsnorsk is considered decently divergent for a Nordic language, often being unintelligible to the others (Take Varhúsnorsk /au̯dj/ Nygadsnorsk /ɔ:dj/, Jugsnorsk /o̞udʲ/ vs Swedish /al/, Danish /ælˀ/, Icelandic /atlʏr/, and Old West Norse /ɑlːr̩/, Old East Norse /ɑlːʀ/)

[[Húsnorsk]] (/husnorsk/; [[w:endonym|endonym]]: ''Húsanorska''; Varhúsnorsk: /xuː.sa.nor.ska/; Nygadsnorsk: /xuː.sa.nor.ska/; Jugsnorsk: [xʊu̯.sɐ.nor.kʰɐ]) is a distinct Nordic language (or possibly two closely related languages), it is so named "House Norse" for its historical vernacular status. Húsnorsk has long been considered the continuation of the Norse spoken by the Varangians. Húsnorsk is considered decently divergent for a Nordic language, often being unintelligible to the others (Take Varhúsnorsk /au̯dj/ Nygadsnorsk /ɔ:dj/, Jugsnorsk /o̞udʲ/ vs Swedish /al/, Danish /ælˀ/, Icelandic /atlʏr/, and Old West Norse /ɑlːr̩/, Old East Norse /ɑlːʀ/)

While Nygadsnorsk and Jugsnorsk are often considered dialects of Húsnorsk, they are divergent enough to be difficult to communicate between, where Varhúsnorsk (or Standard Húsnorsk; Geneologically ''Common Húsnorsk'') is also distinct enough from both to be unintelligible. This article will present all three in detail side-by-side as if in comparison to each other.

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*/ɣ/ to /g/

*/w, v/ merge to /ʋ/ except word initially

*''The widespread use of -ki and -isti as pejorative and laudative suffixes leads to their reduction and development into grammatical forms''

*Vowel shifts:

**Overlong to plain long

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As can be seen with this table, nouns can be irregular, especially when it consists of a vowel followed by l, as historic l-vocalization caused additional vowel alternations on top of umlaut.

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An example of this is the verb "ljúga" ("lýga" in Jugsnorsk)

{{Varhúsnorsk verbs s2|pa=y|m= - "to lie, tell lies"|ljúg-|lǿg-|lyg~~-|log~~-}}

{{Varhúsnorsk verbs s2|pa=y|m= - "to lie, tell lies"|ljúg-|lǿg-|lyg-}}

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:'''Nygadsnorsk''': drǿmda mik ą drǿm í nát ú : sýki o dýrá fǿd

::/drøːm.da mik ɐ drøːː iː naːt uː : syː.ki o dyː.raː føːd/

:'''Jugsnorsk''': drø̄́ða mik a ~~drø̄́~~ í nát ū : ~~sjuki~~ ok ~~dýrā fjud~~

:'''Jugsnorsk''': drø̄́ða mik a drø̄́s í nát ū : sýkis ok fýz

::alt: drǿmða mik a ~~drǿm~~ í nát ū : ~~sjuki~~ ok ~~dýrā fjud~~

::alt: drǿmða mik a drǿms í nát ū : sýkis ok fýds

::[drøːː.ðɐ mik ɐ ~~drøːː~~ i nɐu̯t uː : ~~sju~~.kɪ ɔ ~~dʏy̯.raː fjud~~]

::[drøːː.ðɐ mik ɐ drøːːs i nɐu̯t uː : sʏy̯.kɪs ɔ fʏy̯tʰ]

#"a"/"ą" is a filler syllable to pad the line out, it has no semantic meaning.

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{|class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"

|-

!colspan=8|Leipzig-Jakarta List

!colspan=9|Leipzig-Jakarta List

|-

! Rank

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|-

|3||to go

|

| ganga

|

| ganga

|

| gagga

|

| gagga

| ganga

| gånga

|-

|4||water

|

| vatn

|

| watn

|

| watn, watū

|

| watn, watú

| vatn, vatū

| vatn

| vatten

|-

|5||mouth

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| (body) munðj (river) mynni(river) ósj

| (body) munðj(river) mynni(river) ósj

| (body) ~~munðj, múðj~~(river) mynni(river) ósj

| (body) mūðj(river) mynni(river) ósj

| (body) munnur(river) mynni(river) ós

| (body) mun(river) mynne(river) os

|-

|6||tongue

|

| tunga

|

| tunga

|

| tugga

|

| tugga

| tunga

|-

|7||blood

|

| blóð

|

| blōþ

|

| blóð

|

| blód

| blóð

| blod

|-

|8||bone

|

| bein

|

| bēn

|

| bén, bḗ

|

| bén, bē

| bén, bḗ

| bein

| ben

|-

|9||{{sc|2sg pronoun (you)

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| feldr (animal) skinn (general)húð

| feldʀ (animal) skinn (general)hūþ

| feudj (animal) ~~skinn~~ (general)húðj (human)

| feudj (animal) skīn (general)húðj (human)

| fǿdj (animal) ~~skinn~~ (general)húdj, kúdj (human)

| fǿdj (animal) skín (general)húdj, kúdj (human)

| fǿdj (animal) ~~skinn~~ (general)húðj (human)

| fǿdj (animal) skīn (general)húðj (human)

| skinnhúð

| skinn (general)hud

@@ Line 33: / Line 33: @@
 }}
-[[Húsnorsk]] (/husnorsk/; [[w:endonym|endonym]]: ''Húsanorska''; Varhúsnorsk: /xuː.sa.nor.ska/; Nygadsnorsk: /xuː.sa.nor.ska/; Jugsnorsk: [xʊu̯.sɐ.nor.skɐ]) is a distinct Nordic language (or possibly two closely related languages), it is so named "House Norse" for its historical vernacular status. Húsnorsk has long been considered the continuation of the Norse spoken by the Varangians. Húsnorsk is considered decently divergent for a Nordic language, often being unintelligible to the others (Take Varhúsnorsk /au̯dj/ Nygadsnorsk /ɔ:dj/, Jugsnorsk /o̞udʲ/ vs Swedish /al/, Danish /ælˀ/, Icelandic /atlʏr/, and Old West Norse /ɑlːr̩/, Old East Norse /ɑlːʀ/)
+[[Húsnorsk]] (/husnorsk/; [[w:endonym|endonym]]: ''Húsanorska''; Varhúsnorsk: /xuː.sa.nor.ska/; Nygadsnorsk: /xuː.sa.nor.ska/; Jugsnorsk: [xʊu̯.sɐ.nor.kʰɐ]) is a distinct Nordic language (or possibly two closely related languages), it is so named "House Norse" for its historical vernacular status. Húsnorsk has long been considered the continuation of the Norse spoken by the Varangians. Húsnorsk is considered decently divergent for a Nordic language, often being unintelligible to the others (Take Varhúsnorsk /au̯dj/ Nygadsnorsk /ɔ:dj/, Jugsnorsk /o̞udʲ/ vs Swedish /al/, Danish /ælˀ/, Icelandic /atlʏr/, and Old West Norse /ɑlːr̩/, Old East Norse /ɑlːʀ/)
 While Nygadsnorsk and Jugsnorsk are often considered dialects of Húsnorsk, they are divergent enough to be difficult to communicate between, where Varhúsnorsk (or Standard Húsnorsk; Geneologically ''Common Húsnorsk'') is also distinct enough from both to be unintelligible. This article will present all three in detail side-by-side as if in comparison to each other.
@@ Line 116: / Line 116: @@
 */ɣ/ to /g/
 */w, v/ merge to /ʋ/ except word initially
+*''The widespread use of -ki and -isti as pejorative and laudative suffixes leads to their reduction and development into grammatical forms''
 *Vowel shifts:
 **Overlong to plain long
@@ Line 797: / Line 798: @@
 {{Varhúsnorsk nouns m-a|abl-|ǫbl-|m= - "hearth"}}
 {{Húsnorsk nouns m-a|abl-|ǫbl-|m= - "hearth"}}
-{{Jugsnorsk nouns m-a|abl-|obl-|m= - "hearth"}}
+{{Jugsnorsk nouns|type=m-a|ty=a|str=y|abl-|obl-|m= - "hearth"}}
 {{Varhúsnorsk nouns m-i|al-|ǫl-|au-|m= - "awl"}}
 {{Húsnorsk nouns m-i|al-|ǫl-|ǫ́-|œ-|v=y|m= - "awl"}}
-{{Jugsnorsk nouns m-i|al-|ol-|ó-|ǿ-|m= - "awl"}}
+{{Jugsnorsk nouns|type=m-i|al-|ol-|ó-|ǿ-|m= - "awl"}}
 As can be seen with this table, nouns can be irregular, especially when it consists of a vowel followed by l, as historic l-vocalization caused additional vowel alternations on top of umlaut.
@@ Line 808: / Line 809: @@
 {{Varhúsnorsk nouns m-u|ǫ́s-|ę́s-|ás-|m= - "god"}}
 {{Húsnorsk nouns m-u|ǫ́s-|ę́s-|ás-|m= - "god"}}
-{{Jugsnorsk nouns m-u|ós-|és-|m= - "god"}}
+{{Jugsnorsk nouns|type=m-u|ty=u|str=y|ós-|és-|m= - "god"}}
@@ Line 830: / Line 831: @@
 An example of this is the verb "ljúga" ("lýga" in Jugsnorsk)
-{{Varhúsnorsk verbs s2|pa=y|m= - "to lie, tell lies"|ljúg-|lǿg-|lyg-|log-}}
+{{Varhúsnorsk verbs s2|pa=y|m= - "to lie, tell lies"|ljúg-|lǿg-|lyg-}}
 {{Húsnorsk verbs s2|ljúg-}}
 {{Jugsnorsk verbs w|lýg-}}
@@ Line 892: / Line 893: @@
 :'''Nygadsnorsk''': drǿmda mik ą drǿm í nát ú : sýki o dýrá fǿd
 ::/drøːm.da mik ɐ drøːː iː naːt uː : syː.ki o dyː.raː føːd/
-:'''Jugsnorsk''': drø̄́ða mik a drø̄́ í nát ū : sjuki ok dýrā fjud
+:'''Jugsnorsk''': drø̄́ða mik a drø̄́s í nát ū : sýkis ok fýz
-::alt: drǿmða mik a drǿm í nát ū : sjuki ok dýrā fjud
+::alt: drǿmða mik a drǿms í nát ū : sýkis ok fýds
-::[drøːː.ðɐ mik ɐ drøːː i nɐu̯t uː : sju.kɪ ɔ dʏy̯.raː fjud]
+::[drøːː.ðɐ mik ɐ drøːːs i nɐu̯t uː : sʏy̯.kɪs ɔ fʏy̯tʰ]
 #"a"/"ą" is a filler syllable to pad the line out, it has no semantic meaning.
@@ Line 919: / Line 920: @@
 {|class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
 |-
-!colspan=8|Leipzig-Jakarta List
+!colspan=9|Leipzig-Jakarta List
 |-
 ! Rank
@@ Line 950: / Line 951: @@
 |-
 |3||to go
-|
+| ganga
-|
+| ganga
-|
+| gagga
-|
+| gagga
+| gagga
+| ganga
+| gånga
 |-
 |4||water
-|
+| vatn
-|
+| watn
-|
+| watn, watū
-|
+| watn, watú
+| vatn, vatū
+| vatn
+| vatten
 |-
 |5||mouth
@@ Line 966: / Line 973: @@
 | (body) munðj </br>(river) mynni</br>(river) ósj
 | (body) munðj</br>(river) mynni</br>(river) ósj
-| (body) munðj, múðj</br>(river) mynni</br>(river) ósj
+| (body) mūðj</br>(river) mynni</br>(river) ósj
 | (body) munnur</br>(river) mynni</br>(river) ós
 | (body) mun</br>(river) mynne</br>(river) os
 |-
 |6||tongue
-|
+| tunga
-|
+| tunga
-|
+| tugga
-|
+| tugga
+| tugga
+| tunga
+| tunga
 |-
 |7||blood
-|
+| blóð
-|
+| blōþ
-|
+| blóð
-|
+| blód
+| blóð
+| blóð
+| blod
 |-
 |8||bone
-|
+| bein
-|
+| bēn
-|
+| bén, bḗ
-|
+| bén, bē
+| bén, bḗ
+| bein
+| ben
 |-
 |9||{{sc|2sg pronoun (you)
@@ Line 1,366: / Line 1,382: @@
 | feldr (animal)</br> skinn (general)</br>húð
 | feldʀ (animal)</br> skinn (general)</br>hūþ
-| feudj (animal)</br> skinn (general)</br>húðj (human)
+| feudj (animal)</br> skīn (general)</br>húðj (human)
-| fǿdj (animal)</br> skinn (general)</br>húdj, kúdj (human)
+| fǿdj (animal)</br> skín (general)</br>húdj, kúdj (human)
-| fǿdj (animal)</br> skinn (general)</br>húðj (human)
+| fǿdj (animal)</br> skīn (general)</br>húðj (human)
 | skinn</br>húð
 | skinn (general)</br>hud