Elvarri: Difference between revisions
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{{infobox language | {{infobox language | ||
| name = Elvarri | | name = Elvarri | ||
| nativename = elvariu | | nativename = elvariu / elvar eskes | ||
| pronunciation = elˈvarju | | pronunciation = elˈvarju | ||
| pronunciation_key = IPA for Elvarri | |||
| creator = User:Jukethatbox | | creator = User:Jukethatbox | ||
| created = 2026 | | created = 2026 | ||
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| state = Elvod | | state = Elvod | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Elvarri''' (''elvariu'' [[ | '''Elvarri''' (''elvariu'', ''elvar eskes'' [[IPA for Elvarri|[elˈvarju]]], [[IPA for Elvarri|[ˈɛlvar ˈɛskes]]]), also called '''Levarian''', is a [[w:Classical language|classical language]] of the Luxelvic family. Elvarri was originally spoken by the Elvars, a tribe of Fairelves native to Elvod, a region at the mouth of the Separ river on the island of Haparod. It then became a dominant language of Haparod through the short-lived empire of Nagripon, who also oversaw the invention of Nagri script. After the death of Nagripon, his empire fractured into the Nagripu city-states, which then spread Elvarri as a dominant [[w:Trade language|trade language]] across the Inner Waters as these city-states developed into seafaring trade empires. It was the most spoken language in Hamanna in the Age of Stone, and has a large influence on most modern languages, especially the various elf languages. It also still has considerable use as a [[w:Sacred language|liturgical language]] of the Sun Temple (''Vasnadom'') and the Great Bay Nation (''Duvargamiod''). | ||
Similarly to [[w:Latin|Latin]] in the real world, Elvarri did not undergo [[w:Language death|language death]], but rather evolved into regional dialects and then distinct languages, including [[Hoklevar]], [[Hespadrin]], [[Whitereed]], [[Tasparin]], [[Macatranese]], [[Amtarese]], [[Moonhind]] and various isolated Inner Water island languages collectively called [[Insular Levarian]]. However, it remained a significantly used common language long after it was no longer spoken as a native language, due to its large influence on scientific, economic, military, horological and naval vocabulary; this dominance remained till the 12th century, when modern languages largely supplanted its traditional use. | Similarly to [[w:Latin|Latin]] in the real world, Elvarri did not undergo [[w:Language death|language death]], but rather evolved into regional dialects and then distinct languages, including [[Hoklevar]], [[Hespadrin]], [[Whitereed]], [[Tasparin]], [[Macatranese]], [[Amtarese]], [[Moonhind]] and various isolated Inner Water island languages collectively called [[Insular Levarian]]. However, it remained a significantly used common language long after it was no longer spoken as a native language, due to its large influence on scientific, economic, military, horological and naval vocabulary; this dominance remained till the 12th century, when modern languages largely supplanted its traditional use. | ||
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The retroflex consonants ({{ipa|/ɳ ʂ ɭ/}}) were originally marked with an [[w:Dot (diacritic)|underdot]] as ⟨ṇ ṣ ḷ⟩. However, these were rarely used, and by the Age of Stone most inscriptions did not mark the retroflexes at all; on the rare occasion that they were, they were usually marked by a doubled ⟨nn ss ll⟩. | The retroflex consonants ({{ipa|/ɳ ʂ ɭ/}}) were originally marked with an [[w:Dot (diacritic)|underdot]] as ⟨ṇ ṣ ḷ⟩. However, these were rarely used, and by the Age of Stone most inscriptions did not mark the retroflexes at all; on the rare occasion that they were, they were usually marked by a doubled ⟨nn ss ll⟩. | ||
Various consonants were also prone to mutation after {{ipa|/r/}}, a process called ''hurdaski'' ([[ | Various consonants were also prone to mutation after {{ipa|/r/}}, a process called ''hurdaski'' ([[IPA for Elvarri|[xr̩ˈðaski]]] "r-changing") or ''hurhassi'' ([[IPA for Elvarri|[xr̩ˈxaʂi]]] "r-morphing"): | ||
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;" | {| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;" | ||
! Process !! Resultant</br>phoneme !! Examples | ! Process !! Resultant</br>phoneme !! Examples | ||
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| || a || | | || a || | ||
|} | |} | ||
{{ipa|/ɛ ɔ/}} become {{ipa|/e o/}} in unstressed syllables. {{ipa|/u/}} was also often dropped between a velar consonant and any other consonant, rendering the latter consonant syllabic, as in ''k'''u'''ruk'' "tailor" [[ | {{ipa|/ɛ ɔ/}} become {{ipa|/e o/}} in unstressed syllables. {{ipa|/u/}} was also often dropped between a velar consonant and any other consonant, rendering the latter consonant syllabic, as in ''k'''u'''ruk'' "tailor" [[IPA for Elvarri|[ˈkr̩uk]]]. | ||
==Grammar== | ==Grammar== | ||
Grammatically, Elvarri is a [[w:Synthetic language|synthetic]], mostly [[w:Fusional language|fusional]] [[w:Nominative-accusative language|nominative-accusative]] language. [[w:Noun|Nouns]] (''malor''), [[w:Adjective|adjectives]] (''hemerei'') and [[w:Pronoun|pronouns]] (''iomalor'') are inflected on [[w:Animacy|animacy]], [[w:Grammatical number|number]] and [[w:Grammatical case|case]]. Personal pronouns are also often dropped in spoken or colloquial speech, though only if the subject could be inferred; this is discouraged in standardised literary language. [[w:Verb|Verbs]] are inflected on tense, mood, and (to an extent) [[w:Grammatical person|person]]. | Grammatically, Elvarri is a [[w:Synthetic language|synthetic]], mostly [[w:Fusional language|fusional]] [[w:Nominative-accusative language|nominative-accusative]] language. [[w:Noun|Nouns]] (''malor''), [[w:Adjective|adjectives]] (''hemerei'') and [[w:Pronoun|pronouns]] (''iomalor'') are inflected on [[w:Animacy|animacy]], [[w:Grammatical number|number]] and [[w:Grammatical case|case]]. Personal pronouns are also often dropped in spoken or colloquial speech, though only if the subject could be inferred; this is discouraged in standardised literary language. [[w:Verb|Verbs]] are inflected on tense, mood, and (to an extent) [[w:Grammatical person|person]]. | ||
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| ''evo'' || ''evas'' || ''ou'' || ''eves'' || ''aivo'' || ''leris'' || ''leras'' | | ''evo'' || ''evas'' || ''ou'' || ''eves'' || ''aivo'' || ''leris'' || ''leras'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
Animate third-person pronouns refer to any animate noun, so they can refer to people (as in ''Sumpit '''evo''''' "'''They''' walk"), animals (Genesis 7:2 ''...tades op '''tor''' kavin'' "...the male and '''his''' female") and other animate nouns (''Tepusint dudvarda op hegarsint '''tar''''' "[He] reached the capital city and destroyed '''it'''"). | Animate third-person pronouns refer to any animate noun, so they can refer to people (as in ''Sumpit '''evo''''' "'''They''' walk"), animals (Genesis 7:2 ''...tades op '''tor''' kavin'' "...the male and '''his''' female") and other animate nouns (''Tepusint dudvarda op hegarsint '''tar''''' "[He] reached the capital city and destroyed '''it'''"). Inanimate third person pronouns were also historically used to [[w:Dehumanisation|dehumanise]], to refer to [[w:Enslavement|slaves]] or Dark elves, or to derogatorily refer to people the speaker disliked, such as Meskion's famous line ''Tulkombi demet Nagriponi pasani, vokikte op hegarsikte '''ovas'''.'' "Those who object to Nagripian politics, I will [humiliate] (lit. sodomise) and destroy '''them'''". | ||
===Demonstrative pronouns=== | ===Demonstrative pronouns=== | ||