Ossamic: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|name=Ossamic
|name=Ossamic
|nativename=Օսըշահմմը
|nativename={{lang|sish|Օսըշահմմը}}, {{lang|sish|ჵსჷშაჰმმჷ}}, {{lang|sish|Ōsəšahmmə}}
|pronunciation=o.sə.ˈʃaːm.mə
|pronunciation=o.sə.ˈʃaːm.mə
|ethnicity=[[Ossamics]]
|ethnicity=[[Ossamics]]
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}}
}}


Ossamic (/ˈəʊ̯.sɑ.mɪk//; Autonym: {{l|sish|Օսըշահմմը}}, {{l|sish|ოუსჷშაჰმმჷ}}, or {{l|sish|Ōsëšahmmë}}, all /o.sə.ˈʃaːm.mə/) is a Chlesamnic language of the High Polovic branch spoken at the intersection of Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, though it is entirely unintelligible with [[Caucasian Polovic]].
Ossamic (/ˈəʊ̯.sɑ.mɪk/; Autonym: {{l|sish|Օսըշահմմը}}, {{l|sish|ჵსჷშაჰმმჷ}}, or {{l|sish|Ōsəšahmmə}}, all /o.sə.ˈʃaːm.mə/) is a Chlesamnic language of the High Polovic branch spoken at the intersection of Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, though it is entirely unintelligible with [[Caucasian Polovic]].




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|-
|-
! colspan=2 | nasal
! colspan=2 | nasal
| m ⟨{{lang|sish|մ}}⟩
| m</br>⟨{{lang|sish|մ}}, {{lang|sish|მ}}, {{lang|sish|m}}⟩
| n ⟨{{lang|sish|ն}}⟩
| n</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ն}}, {{lang|sish|ნ}}, {{lang|sish|n}}⟩
|  
|  
|  
|  
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! rowspan=3 | stop
! rowspan=3 | stop
! unvoiced
! unvoiced
| p ⟨{{lang|sish|պ}}⟩
| p</br>⟨{{lang|sish|պ}}, {{lang|sish|პ}}, {{lang|sish|p}}⟩
| t ⟨{{lang|sish|տ}}
| t</br>⟨{{lang|sish|տ}}, {{lang|sish|ტ}}, {{lang|sish|t}}⟩
| t͡ʃ ⟨{{lang|sish|ճ}}⟩
|
| k ⟨{{lang|sish|ի}}⟩
| k</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ի}}, {{lang|sish|კ}}, {{lang|sish|k}}⟩
|-
|-
! aspirated
! aspirated
| pʰ ⟨{{lang|sish|փ}}⟩
| pʰ</br>⟨{{lang|sish|փ}}, {{lang|sish|ფ}}, {{lang|sish|pʻ}}⟩
| tʰ ⟨{{lang|sish|թ}}
| tʰ</br>⟨{{lang|sish|թ}}, {{lang|sish|თ}}, {{lang|sish|}}⟩
| t͡ʃʰ ⟨{{lang|sish|չ}}⟩
|
| kʰ ⟨{{lang|sish|ք}}⟩
| kʰ</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ք}}, {{lang|sish|ქ}}, {{lang|sish|kʻ}}⟩
|-
|-
! voiced
! voiced
| b ⟨{{lang|sish|բ}}⟩
| b</br>⟨{{lang|sish|բ}}, {{lang|sish|ბ}}, {{lang|sish|b}}⟩
| d ⟨{{lang|sish|դ}}
| d</br>⟨{{lang|sish|դ}}, {{lang|sish|დ}}, {{lang|sish|d}}⟩
| d͡ʒ ⟨{{lang|sish|ջ}}⟩
|
| g ⟨{{lang|sish|գ}}⟩
| g</br>⟨{{lang|sish|գ}}, {{lang|sish|გ}}, {{lang|sish|g}}⟩
|-
|-
! rowspan=2 | fricative
! rowspan=2 | fricative
! unvoiced
! unvoiced
| f ⟨{{lang|sish|ֆ}}⟩
| f</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ֆ}}, {{lang|sish|ჶ}}, {{lang|sish|f}}⟩
| s ⟨{{lang|sish|ս}}⟩
| s</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ս}}, {{lang|sish|ს}}, {{lang|sish|s}}⟩
| ʃ ⟨{{lang|sish|շ}}⟩
| ʃ</br>⟨{{lang|sish|շ}}, {{lang|sish|შ}}, {{lang|sish|š}}⟩
| x ⟨{{lang|sish|խ}}⟩
| x</br>⟨{{lang|sish|խ}}, {{lang|sish|ხ}}, {{lang|sish|x}}⟩
|-
|-
! voiced
! voiced
| v ⟨{{lang|sish|վ}}⟩
| v</br>⟨{{lang|sish|վ}}, {{lang|sish|ვ}}, {{lang|sish|v}}⟩
| z ⟨{{lang|sish|զ}}⟩
| z</br>⟨{{lang|sish|զ}}, {{lang|sish|ზ}}, {{lang|sish|z}}⟩
| ʒ ⟨{{lang|sish|ժ}}⟩
| ʒ</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ժ}}, {{lang|sish|ჟ}}, {{lang|sish|ž}}⟩
| ɣ ⟨{{lang|sish|ղ}}⟩
| ɣ</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ղ}}, {{lang|sish|ღ}}, {{lang|sish|ġ}}⟩
|-
! rowspan=3 | affricate
! unvoiced
|
| t͡s</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ծ}}, {{lang|sish|წ}}, {{lang|sish|c}}⟩
| t͡ʃ</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ճ}}, {{lang|sish|ჭ}}, {{lang|sish|č}}⟩
|
|-
! aspirated
|
| t͡sʰ</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ց}}, {{lang|sish|ც}}, {{lang|sish|cʻ}}⟩
| t͡ʃʰ</br>⟨{{lang|sish|չ}}, {{lang|sish|ჩ}}, {{lang|sish|čʻ}}⟩
|
|-
! voiced
|
| d͡z</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ձ}}, {{lang|sish|ძ}}, {{lang|sish|j}}⟩
| d͡ʒ</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ջ}}, {{lang|sish|ჯ}}, {{lang|sish|ǰ}}⟩
|
|-
|-
! colspan=2 | approximant
! colspan=2 | approximant
|  
|  
| l ⟨{{lang|sish|լ}}⟩
| l</br>⟨{{lang|sish|լ}}, {{lang|sish|ლ}}, {{lang|sish|l}}⟩
| j ⟨{{lang|sish|յ}}⟩
| j</br>⟨{{lang|sish|յ}}, {{lang|sish|ჲ}}, {{lang|sish|y}}⟩
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan=2 | trill
! colspan=2 | trill
|  
|  
| r ⟨{{lang|sish|ռ}}⟩
| r</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ռ}}, {{lang|sish|რ}}, {{lang|sish|ṙ}}⟩
|  
|  
|
|
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! colspan=2 | tap
! colspan=2 | tap
|  
|  
| ɾ ⟨{{lang|sish|ր}}⟩
| ɾ</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ր}}, {{lang|sish|ჸ}}, {{lang|sish|r}}⟩
|  
|  
|
|
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|-
|-
! High
! High
| i ⟨{{lang|sish|ի}}⟩
| i</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ի}}, {{lang|sish|ი}}, {{lang|sish|i}}⟩
| iː ⟨{{lang|sish|իհ}}⟩
| iː</br>⟨{{lang|sish|իհ}}, {{lang|sish|იჰ}}, {{lang|sish|ih}}⟩
| y ⟨{{lang|sish|իւ}}⟩
| y</br>⟨{{lang|sish|իւ}}, {{lang|sish|უი}}, {{lang|sish|ui}}⟩
| yː ⟨{{lang|sish|իւհ}}⟩
| yː</br>⟨{{lang|sish|իւհ}}, {{lang|sish|უიჰ}}, {{lang|sish|uih}}⟩
|  
|  
|  
|  
| u ⟨{{lang|sish|ու}}⟩
| u</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ու}}, {{lang|sish|უ}}, {{lang|sish|u}}⟩
| uː ⟨{{lang|sish|ուհ}}⟩
| uː</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ուհ}}, {{lang|sish|უჰ}}, {{lang|sish|uh}}⟩
|-
|-
! Mid-high
! Mid-high
| e ⟨{{lang|sish|է}}⟩
| e</br>⟨{{lang|sish|է}}, {{lang|sish|ჱ}}, {{lang|sish|ē}}⟩
| eː ⟨{{lang|sish|էհ}}⟩
| eː</br>⟨{{lang|sish|էհ}}, {{lang|sish|ჱჰ}}, {{lang|sish|ēh}}⟩
| ø ⟨{{lang|sish|էւ}}⟩
| ø</br>⟨{{lang|sish|էւ}}, {{lang|sish|ჵი}}, {{lang|sish|ōi}}⟩
| øː ⟨{{lang|sish|էւհ}}⟩
| øː</br>⟨{{lang|sish|էւհ}}, {{lang|sish|ჵიჰ}}, {{lang|sish|ōih}}⟩
| rowspan=2 | ə ⟨{{lang|sish|ը}}⟩
| rowspan=2 | ə</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ը}}, {{lang|sish|ჷ}}, {{lang|sish|ə}}⟩
| rowspan=2 | əː ⟨{{lang|sish|ըհ}}⟩
| rowspan=2 | əː</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ըհ}}, {{lang|sish|ჷჰ}}, {{lang|sish|əh}}⟩
| o ⟨{{lang|sish|օ}}⟩
| o</br>⟨{{lang|sish|օ}}, {{lang|sish|ჵ}}, {{lang|sish|ō}}⟩
| oː ⟨{{lang|sish|օհ}}⟩
| oː</br>⟨{{lang|sish|օհ}}, {{lang|sish|ჵჰ}}, {{lang|sish|ōh}}⟩
|-
|-
! Mid-low
! Mid-low
| ɛ ⟨{{lang|sish|ե}}⟩
| ɛ</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ե}}, {{lang|sish|ე}}, {{lang|sish|e}}⟩
| ɛː ⟨{{lang|sish|եհ}}⟩
| ɛː</br>⟨{{lang|sish|եհ}}, {{lang|sish|ეჰ}}, {{lang|sish|eh}}⟩
| œ ⟨{{lang|sish|եւ}}⟩
| œ</br>⟨{{lang|sish|եւ}}, {{lang|sish|ოი}}, {{lang|sish|oi}}⟩
| œː ⟨{{lang|sish|եւհ}}⟩
| œː</br>⟨{{lang|sish|եւհ}}, {{lang|sish|ოიჰ}}, {{lang|sish|oih}}⟩
| ɔ ⟨{{lang|sish|ո}}⟩
| ɔ</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ո}}, {{lang|sish|ო}}, {{lang|sish|o}}⟩
| ɔː ⟨{{lang|sish|ոհ}}⟩
| ɔː</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ոհ}}, {{lang|sish|ოჰ}}, {{lang|sish|oh}}⟩
|-
|-
! Low
! Low
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|  
|  
|  
|  
| ɑ ⟨{{lang|sish|ա}}⟩
| ɑ</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ա}}, {{lang|sish|ა}}, {{lang|sish|a}}⟩
| ɑː ⟨{{lang|sish|ահ}}⟩
| ɑː</br>⟨{{lang|sish|ահ}}, {{lang|sish|აჰ}}, {{lang|sish|ah}}⟩
|-
|-
|}
|}
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{{inflection-table-top|title=ë-stem, animate endings|palette=red|tall=y}}
{{inflection-table-top|title=''ə''-type, animate endings|palette=red|tall=y}}
!
!
! singular
! singular
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{{inflection-table-bottom}}
{{inflection-table-bottom}}


{{inflection-table-top|title=ë-stem, animate|palette=red|tall=y}}
{{inflection-table-top|title=''ə''-type, animate|palette=red|tall=y}}
! rowspan=2 |
! rowspan=2 |
! colspan=2 | {{l|sish|վիլֆը}}
! colspan=2 | {{l|sish|վիլֆը}}

Latest revision as of 18:42, 11 June 2026


Ossamic
Օսըշահմմը, ჵსჷშაჰმმჷ, Ōsəšahmmə
Pronunciation[o.sə.ˈʃaːm.mə]
Created byMelinoë
DateJune 9th, 2026
Native toArmenia: Lori, Tavush
Georgia: Kvemo Kartli
Azerbaijan: Gazakh, Aghstafa, Tovuz
EthnicityOssamics
Native speakers754.8 thousand (2022)
Early forms
Official status
Recognised minority
language in
Armenia
Georgia
Language codes
ISO 639-3sish
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Ossamic (/ˈəʊ̯.sɑ.mɪk/; Autonym: Օսըշահմմը (Ōsəšahmmə), ჵსჷშაჰმმჷ ('səšahmmə), or Ōsəšahmmə, all /o.sə.ˈʃaːm.mə/) is a Chlesamnic language of the High Polovic branch spoken at the intersection of Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, though it is entirely unintelligible with Caucasian Polovic.


Etymology

The English name is from Byzantine /ossamiˈkos/, from /ossaˈmia/, which is from Old Ossamic Օսըշահմմը (Ōsəšahmmə), which is a compound of օսըմ (ōsəm) ("lip") + -(ը)շահմ (-(ə)šahm) (abstract noun affix)+ -մը (-mə) ("our").

History

Phonology

Consonants

labial alveolar palatal velar
nasal m
մ, , m
n
ն, , n
stop unvoiced p
պ, , p
t
տ, , t
k
ի, , k
aspirated
փ, ,

թ, ,

ք, ,
voiced b
բ, , b
d
դ, , d
g
գ, , g
fricative unvoiced f
ֆ, , f
s
ս, , s
ʃ
շ, , š
x
խ, , x
voiced v
վ, , v
z
զ, , z
ʒ
ժ, , ž
ɣ
ղ, , ġ
affricate unvoiced t͡s
ծ, , c
t͡ʃ
ճ, , č
aspirated t͡sʰ
ց, ,
t͡ʃʰ
չ, , čʻ
voiced d͡z
ձ, , j
d͡ʒ
ջ, , ǰ
approximant l
լ, , l
j
յ, , y
trill r
ռ, ,
tap ɾ
ր, , r

Vowels

front central back
unround round
short long short long short long short long
High i
ի, , i

իհ, იჰ, ih
y
իւ, უი, ui

իւհ, უიჰ, uih
u
ու, , u

ուհ, უჰ, uh
Mid-high e
է, , ē

էհ, ჱჰ, ēh
ø
էւ, ჵი, ōi
øː
էւհ, ჵიჰ, ōih
ə
ը, , ə
əː
ըհ, ჷჰ, əh
o
օ, , ō

օհ, ჵჰ, ōh
Mid-low ɛ
ե, , e
ɛː
եհ, ეჰ, eh
œ
եւ, ოი, oi
œː
եւհ, ოიჰ, oih
ɔ
ո, , o
ɔː
ոհ, ოჰ, oh
Low ɑ
ա, , a
ɑː
ահ, აჰ, ah

Morphology

Nouns

Ossamic nouns decline on several categories, those being case, number, possessor, and (some nouns) animacy.


ə-type, animate endings
singular plural
nominative ֊ը
֊ընե
-əne
accusative ֊ըմ
-əm
֊ընեմ
-ənem
allative ֊ըհռ
-əhṙ
֊ընեհռ
-ənehṙ
genitive ֊ուտ
-ut
֊ընիւտ
-əniwt
ablative ֊իճ
-ič
֊ընայճ
-ənayč
dative ֊ըհ
-əh
֊ընեհ
-əneh
instrumental ֊ու
-u
֊ընիւ
-əniw
comitative ֊ոմ
-om
֊ընեւմ
-ənewm
ə-type, animate
վիլֆը (vilfə) յիգը (yigə) խիւնզը (xiwnzə)
singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative վիլֆը
vilfə
վիլֆընե
vilfəne
յիգը
yigə
յիգընե
yigəne
խիւնզը
xiwnzə
խիւնզընե
xiwnzəne
accusative վիլֆըմ
vilfəm
վիլֆընեմ
vilfənem
յիգըմ
yigəm
յիգընեմ
yigənem
խիւնզըմ
xiwnzəm
խիւնզընեմ
xiwnzənem
allative վիլֆըհռ
vilfəhṙ
վիլֆընեհռ
vilfənehṙ
յիգըհռ
yigəhṙ
յիգընեհռ
yigənehṙ
խիւնզըհռ
xiwnzəhṙ
խիւնզընեհռ
xiwnzənehṙ
genitive վիլֆուտ
vilfut
վիլֆընիւտ
vilfəniwt
յիգուտ
yigut
յիգընիւտ
yigəniwt
խիւնզուտ
xiwnzut
խիւնզընիւտ
xiwnzəniwt
ablative վիլֆիճ
vilfič
վիլֆընայճ
vilfənayč
յիգիճ
yigič
յիգընայճ
yigənayč
խիւնզիճ
xiwnzič
խիւնզընայճ
xiwnzənayč
dative վիլֆըհ
vilfəh
վիլֆընեհ
vilfəneh
յիգըհ
yigəh
յիգընեհ
yigəneh
խիւնզըհ
xiwnzəh
խիւնզընեհ
xiwnzəneh
instrumental վիլֆու
vilfu
վիլֆընիւ
vilfəniw
յիգու
yigu
յիգընիւ
yigəniw
խիւնզու
xiwnzu
խիւնզընիւ
xiwnzəniw
comitative վիլֆոմ
vilfom
վիլֆընեւմ
vilfənewm
յիգոմ
yigom
յիգընեւմ
yigənewm
խիւնզոմ
xiwnzom
խիւնզընեւմ
xiwnzənewm

Adjectives

Verbs

Pronouns

Syntax

Texts

Lexicon