Kenlin: Difference between revisions
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| N || n | | N || n | ||
|} | |} | ||
Note that «n» may be any nasal, and «r» any liquid consonant. I usually realize the former as [n] and the latter as [ɾ] | Note that «n» may be any nasal, and «r» any liquid consonant. I usually realize the former as [n] and the latter as [ɾ] or [l] | ||
=== Syllable structure === | === Syllable structure === | ||
Syllable structure is (C)V(T). That is, | Syllable structure is (C)V(T). That is, | ||
CV | * CV | ||
CVT | * CVT | ||
* V | |||
* VT | |||
where C is any consonant, V is any syllabic sound (vowel or /n/), and T is any terminal consonant /s z f v n/. Terminal /n/ may not appear before an initial fricative, nor another /n/. Terminal /v/ may not appear before /n/. /n/ is sometimes syllabic, appearing in place of a vowel. | where C is any consonant, V is any syllabic sound (vowel or /n/), and T is any terminal consonant /s z f v n/. Terminal /n/ may not appear before an initial fricative, nor another /n/. Terminal /v/ may not appear before /n/. /n/ is sometimes syllabic, appearing in place of a vowel. | ||
=== Stress === | === Stress === | ||
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===Morphophonology=== --> | ===Morphophonology=== --> | ||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
Nouns are not conjugated for class, nor for the interrogative, imperative, or indicative moods. | |||
===Adjectives=== | ===Adjectives=== | ||
===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
| Line 118: | Line 115: | ||
===Particles=== | ===Particles=== | ||
===Derivational morphology=== | ===Derivational morphology=== | ||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
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Constituent word order is semantic. Interrogative clauses use VSO, indicatives use SOV, and imperatives use SVO. For interrogative and indicative sentences, the particle «no» is used between the subject and object, to indicate where one ends and the other begins. This particle is optional in sentences with no object. | Constituent word order is semantic. Interrogative clauses use VSO, indicatives use SOV, and imperatives use SVO. For interrogative and indicative sentences, the particle «no» is used between the subject and object, to indicate where one ends and the other begins. This particle is optional in sentences with no object. | ||
===Modifier order=== | ===Modifier order=== | ||
Adjectives go after their noun. | Adjectives go after their noun. «kanata aka» "bird red", not «aka kanata» "red bird)". Numbers are the same. | ||
Possesives are formed by the preposition «du», which works similarly to English "of", going after the possesed noun and before the possesing one. «nede du so ari» "idea of Ali" or "Ali's idea". «so» is a proper article, indicating a proper noun. Here «du so ari» acts as an adjective or adjectival phrase on the noun. | Possesives are formed by the preposition «du», which works similarly to English "of", going after the possesed noun and before the possesing one. «nede du so ari» "idea of Ali" or "Ali's idea". «so» is a proper article, indicating a proper noun. Here «du so ari» acts as an adjective or adjectival phrase on the noun. | ||
Latest revision as of 18:49, 26 June 2026
Introduction
Kenlin (/'ken.lin/) is intended to be a starting point for a family of constructed languages, like how the Romance family of languages is descended from Latin. It is intended to do this while also not being boring, and its interesting features shall be elaborated later.
The languge takes its roots mostly from natural proto-languages, adapted to fit its phonology.
There is currently no lore or worldbuilding around Kenlin. Its only origin is plain and simple: i made it up.
Phonology
Vowel inventory
| IPA | Romanization |
|---|---|
| a~ɑ | a |
| i | i |
| e~e͡i | e |
| o~o͡ʊ~ɔ | o |
| u | u |
| a͡u~a͡ʊ~a͡o | ao |
| a͡i~a͡ɪ | ai |
Consonant inventory
| IPA | Romanization |
|---|---|
| p | p |
| b | b |
| f | f |
| v | v |
| t̪~t͇ | t |
| d̪~d͇ | d |
| s | s |
| z | z |
| k | k |
| g | g |
| x~h | h |
| L~R | r |
| N | n |
Note that «n» may be any nasal, and «r» any liquid consonant. I usually realize the former as [n] and the latter as [ɾ] or [l]
Syllable structure
Syllable structure is (C)V(T). That is,
- CV
- CVT
- V
- VT
where C is any consonant, V is any syllabic sound (vowel or /n/), and T is any terminal consonant /s z f v n/. Terminal /n/ may not appear before an initial fricative, nor another /n/. Terminal /v/ may not appear before /n/. /n/ is sometimes syllabic, appearing in place of a vowel.
Stress
If a word is one or two syllables, the first is stressed. If it's any longer, the second is stressed. Affixes should always be unstressed, and compound words should stress whichever component is most important, or failing that whichever comes first in the word. Stressing nouns, verbs, and adjectivals (adjectives and adverbs) is preferred to stressing grammatical words like particles.
Irregular stress (which occurs mostly in names from other languages) should be marked with a grave accent above the stressed vowel. So the name "Isabella" becomes «ìsabera».
Intonation
No rules for intonation yet.
Morphology
Nouns
Nouns are not conjugated for class, nor for the interrogative, imperative, or indicative moods.
Adjectives
Verbs
Adverbs
Particles
Derivational morphology
Syntax
Constituent order
Constituent word order is semantic. Interrogative clauses use VSO, indicatives use SOV, and imperatives use SVO. For interrogative and indicative sentences, the particle «no» is used between the subject and object, to indicate where one ends and the other begins. This particle is optional in sentences with no object.
Modifier order
Adjectives go after their noun. «kanata aka» "bird red", not «aka kanata» "red bird)". Numbers are the same.
Possesives are formed by the preposition «du», which works similarly to English "of", going after the possesed noun and before the possesing one. «nede du so ari» "idea of Ali" or "Ali's idea". «so» is a proper article, indicating a proper noun. Here «du so ari» acts as an adjective or adjectival phrase on the noun.
The rest of this to be written tomorrow.