Paang: Difference between revisions

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'''Roshterian''' /rɒʃˈtɛriən/ (''ezhbaeroshtherim'' 'The Roshterian language') is a [[Talmic languages|Talmic language]] spoken in East Cuadhlabh. It is head-initial and polysynthetic.
'''Paang''' (''rhư nténg Pa{{cvla}}ng'') is a classical language of Hmøøhian author Tsayfuan's fantasy world. It is a monosyllabic tonal language with initial consonant mutations. It is inspired in-universe by Talmic and Æ, and I was actually inspired by Insular Celtic and Southeast Asian languages.


==Numbers==
Paang poetry uses the Vietnamese lục bát meter, which Tsayfuan took from Æ poetry.
*1: ''pêm''
*2: ''tiłuar''
*3: ''nazhg''
*4: ''lôb''
*5: ''selił''
*6: ''zhel''
*7: ''thiam''
*8: ''ruad''
*9: ''lored''
*10: ''bazh''
*11: ''tsuit''
*12: ''ghîr''


==Phonology==
== Todo ==
Among Talmic languages, Roshterian is notable for having retroflex consonants and multiple liquids.
* May liberally steal vocab from Celtic
===Consonants===
** ''miền'' 'to desire'
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;"
** ''riêmh'' 'never'
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" |
** ''ciên'' 'old; distant'
! rowspan="2" |Labial
** ''ciến'' (clf. ''ô{{cvla}}gh<sup>L</sup>'') 'age; distance'
! colspan="2" |Dental/Alveolar
** ''fiển'' (clf. ''lló<sup>L</sup>'') 'soldier'
! colspan="2" |Retroflex
** ''téng'' (clf. ''rhư''<sup>N</sup>) 'language'
! rowspan="2" |Velar
** ''biêdh'' 'food'
! rowspan="2" |Uvular
** ''rhiền'' (clf. ''ngiềbh'') 'path'
! rowspan="2" |Glottal
** ''rhiên'' (clf. ''lló<sup>L</sup>'') 'maiden'
|-
** ''gần''<sup>L</sup> 'without'
!<small>central</small>
* ''Tol Kiền'': the creator god
!<small>lateral</small>
!<small>central</small>
!<small>lateral</small>
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
| '''m''' /m/
| '''n''' /n̪/
|
| '''nh''' /ɳ/
|
| [ŋ]
| [ɴ]
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Stop
! |<small>voiceless</small>
| '''p''' /p/
| '''t''' /t̪/
|
| '''th''' /ʈ/
|
| '''c''' /k/
| '''q''' /q/
|
|-
! |<small>voiced</small>
| '''b''' /b/
| '''d''' /d̪/
|
| '''dh''' /ɖ/
|
| '''g''' /g/
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" style="" |Continuant
! |<small>voiceless</small>
| ('''f''' /f/?)
| '''s''' /s/
| '''ł''' /ɬ/
| '''sh''' /ʂ/
| '''łh''' /ɬʵ/
|
|
| '''h''' /h/
|-
! |<small>voiced</small>
| '''w''' /v~w/
| '''r''' /r/
| '''l''' /l/
|colspan="2"| '''zh''' /ʐ~ɻ~ɭ/
|
| '''gh''' /ʁ/
|
|}


evidentials, quasi-polysynthetic
== Phonology ==
Initials: /k kʰ χ ŋ ŋ{{v-}} ŋʰ ɣ
t tʰ θ n n{{v-}} nʰ ð
p φ f m m{{v-}} mʰ v
j r r{{v-}} l ɬ w ʍ s h ʔ/


===Vowels===
Nuclei: /i e ɛ a ɨ ə u o ɔ iə ɨə uə/
i i: u u:
e e: ə ə: o o:
a a:
ai ei iə eu uə oi iu


{{angbr|'''i î u û e ê y ŷ o ô a â ae ei ia eu ua oe iu'''}}
Finals: /{{ng}}{{tiebar}}m n {{ng}} r k{{tiebar}}p t k j ð ɨ{{nsyll}} w/


==Sound changes==
Tones: a à a{{cvla}} á ả = mid low fall high rise
*{{recon|ā}} > ''ia'' ({{recon|nā}} > ''nia'' 'I'); {{recon|ō}} > ''ua''; {{recon|au}} > ô; {{recon|ou}} > ''û''; {{recon|ū}} > ''î''
*{{recon|qʷ}} > /χʷ/ > /ɧ/ > ''sh''; {{recon|ʁʷ}} > /ζ/ > ''zh''
*{{recon|nw, tw, dw, sw, łw, lw, rw}} > ''nh, th, dh, sh, łh, zh, zh'' /ɳ, ʈ, ɖ, ʂ, ɬ̠, ʐ~ɻ~ɭ, ʐ~ɻ~ɭ/
*{{recon|sl-, sm-, sn-}} > ''zh-, m-, nh-''
*{{recon|sɸ-, sr-, sw-}} > ''f-, zh-, sh-''
*{{recon|st, sk}} > ''th-/shth, sc'' ({{recon|bastom}} > ''bashtho'' 'king' ~ Tíogall ''bast'' 'head')
*{{recon|sb, sd, sg}} > ''zhb, zhdh, zhg'' ({{recon|nasge}} > ''nazhg'' '3')
*{{recon|φn, tn, φl, tl}} > /ːn, ts, ːɬ, tɬ/
*{{recon|kt, qt}} > /jt, :ʈ/ ({{recon|tektə}} > ''teit'' /teit/ 'child', {{recon|neqtə}} > ''nêth'' /neːʈ/ 'cloud')
*{{recon|kn, gn, qn}} > /jn, jn, :ɳ/
*{{recon|φj, tj, kj, qj}} > ''pt ss ts gh''
*{{recon|φ-, j-}} > ''h-''
*{{recon|skj, stj}} > ''sht, st''
*final short vowels lost; final ''-m, -s, -t'' lost; final long vowels shorten (''ia, ua'' > ''i, u'')


[[Category:Talmic languages]]
<g c ch ng hng nc gh
d t th n hn nt dh
b p f m hm mp bh
j r rh l lh w wh s h 0
i ê e a ư ơ/â a u ô o ia/iê ưa/ươ ua/uô
mh n ng r b d g i dh gh u>
 
My romanization spells /kʰ/ as ''k'' in certain names.

Latest revision as of 16:29, 2 May 2023

Paang (rhư nténg Pa̍ng) is a classical language of Hmøøhian author Tsayfuan's fantasy world. It is a monosyllabic tonal language with initial consonant mutations. It is inspired in-universe by Talmic and Æ, and I was actually inspired by Insular Celtic and Southeast Asian languages.

Paang poetry uses the Vietnamese lục bát meter, which Tsayfuan took from Æ poetry.

Todo

  • May liberally steal vocab from Celtic
    • miền 'to desire'
    • riêmh 'never'
    • ciên 'old; distant'
    • ciến (clf. ô̍ghL) 'age; distance'
    • fiển (clf. llóL) 'soldier'
    • téng (clf. rhưN) 'language'
    • biêdh 'food'
    • rhiền (clf. ngiềbh) 'path'
    • rhiên (clf. llóL) 'maiden'
    • gầnL 'without'
  • Tol Kiền: the creator god

Phonology

Initials: /k kʰ χ ŋ ŋ̊ ŋʰ ɣ t tʰ θ n n̊ nʰ ð p φ f m m̊ mʰ v j r r̊ l ɬ w ʍ s h ʔ/

Nuclei: /i e ɛ a ɨ ə u o ɔ iə ɨə uə/

Finals: /ŋ͡m n ŋ r k͡p t k j ð ɨ̯ w/

Tones: a à a̍ á ả = mid low fall high rise

<g c ch ng hng nc gh d t th n hn nt dh b p f m hm mp bh j r rh l lh w wh s h 0 i ê e a ư ơ/â a u ô o ia/iê ưa/ươ ua/uô mh n ng r b d g i dh gh u>

My romanization spells /kʰ/ as k in certain names.

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