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'''Camalanàbha''' (Modern [[Verse:Crackfic Irta/Padmanábha|Padmanábha]]: /'kæm.l̩.'niə.b̥e/) or '''Camalapradhàna''' is a [[Verse:Crackfic Irta/Camalic|Camalic]] language inspired by Sanskrit. It is a major source of loans in [[Verse:Crackfic Irta/Bhadhagha|Bhadhagha]]. | |||
* '' | == Diachronics == | ||
* '' | Camalanàbha should be conservative | ||
PCam -oi, -ia > e, -e > -0, -o > a?, -oyi, -oyī > -aì | |||
e o > a á (stealing from actual Sanskrit diachronics somewhat) | |||
== Lexicon == | |||
* ''shumushumunucunucubhàpubhafha'' = humuhunukunukuāpua'a | |||
* ''sadhbhàvana'' = sweet food, dessert | |||
* ''meadhbh, meadhbhàvana'' = alcoholic drinks | |||
* ''ghamh-, ghaomh-, ghumh, ghuamh-'' = to be (like Irish ''tá'') | |||
** prefixed to verbs for the progressive aspect, like Aramaic ''qa'' | |||
* ''seao-'' = self | |||
* ''seaoghamh'' = self-existing | |||
* ''seaoghamhsa'' = universe, nature | |||
* ''libhe'' "to want" | |||
* ''Camalanàbha'' = Camalic language | |||
* ''sthàna, stha'' = (you polite pronoun) | |||
* ''stèbhana'' = country | |||
* ''sra(n)-'' = agentive | * ''sra(n)-'' = agentive | ||
* ''sraimh'' = person | * ''sraimh'' = person | ||
* '' | * ''èngh'' = to create | ||
* ''sandhacht'' = to specialize | * ''sandhacht'' = to specialize | ||
* ''bhadha'' = sea | * ''bhadha'' = sea | ||
* ''gha'' = edge | * ''gha'' = edge | ||
* '' | * ''evad'' = cat | ||
* ''sphùrta'' = curiosity | * ''sphùrta'' = curiosity | ||
* ''prathama'' = | * ''prathama'' = red | ||
* '' | * ''antima'' = violet | ||
* ''phrùmlach'' = dulcimer | |||
* ''saphalatà'' = pasta guitar | |||
* ''sumucha'' = flute | |||
* ''bhishe'' = big | * ''bhishe'' = big | ||
* ''sava'' = island | |||
* ''vaonda'' = cave | |||
* ''creaobh'' = sleep | |||
* ''lèdhamh'' = concept, idea | |||
* ''dheaona'' = color | |||
* ''sthàma'' = fury | |||
* ''-adh'' = forms adverbs | |||
* ''abh(i)-'' = -ful | |||
* ''pari(n)-'' = -less, un- | |||
* ''gustav'' = king | |||
* ''rughach'' = love | |||
* ''gangà'' = river | |||
* ''cofh'' = sky | |||
* ''sthusha'' = cloud | |||
* ''dhàrana'' = rain | |||
* ''laesh'' = snow | |||
* ''seoraì'' = frost | |||
* ''uabhtha'' = moon | |||
* ''ètha'' = sun | |||
* ''abhiatha'' = sunny | |||
* ''mhinna'' = star | |||
* ''bhèda'' = flame | |||
* ''sandarbha'' = to end | |||
* ''darbha'' = end | |||
* ''paridarbha'' = endless | |||
* ''pàridarbhav'' = infinity | |||
* ''sambhatsara'' = to burst | |||
* ''àsthàpa'' = world | |||
* ''pratisthàpana'' = (spinning) top | |||
* ''sansthàpana'' = to set in motion | |||
* ''aemhush'' = ant | |||
* ''dhaolba'' = fly (insect) | |||
* ''samasta'' = moth | |||
* ''vàrutha'' = spider | |||
* ''gathsha'' = beetle | |||
* ''pralaobha'' = larva | |||
* ''uarimh'' = yellowjacket | |||
* ''duvar'' = hawk | |||
* ''sepach'' = eagle | |||
* ''mhaedhas'' = robin | |||
* ''sancasrita'' = to nest | |||
* ''dàcha'' = duck | |||
* ''scòbhar'' = bluejay | |||
* ''sthambha'' = crow | |||
* ''gaocha'' = raven | |||
* ''simhiùl'' = heron | |||
* ''snuathrilach'' = elephant | |||
* ''nàlach'' = swan | |||
* ''sphiamh'' = fly (verb) | |||
* ''badhan'' = swim | |||
* ''apròsha'' = drive (verb) | |||
* ''mangala'' = exit (verb) | |||
** ''Mangalàsàsana'' = Brexit | |||
* ''suprabhàta'' = courtyard | |||
* ''nasa'' = space | |||
* ''vinàsa'' = to enlarge | |||
* ''tràna'' = hope | |||
* ''paritràna'' = hopeless | |||
* ''tleao'' = window | |||
* ''dhùrva'' = to twist | |||
* ''sruchal'' = to drag | |||
* ''bhreodh'' = street | |||
* ''om...'' = um... | |||
* ''ghlaev'' = load | |||
* ''dremhach'' = north | |||
* ''rushv'' = west | |||
* ''vaolèr'' = east | |||
* ''tiana'' = south | |||
* ''sthama'' = black | |||
==Todo== | |||
''srutabòdha''; ''pradhàna''; ''pràrambha''; ''pratimanthana''; ''pratibimba'' | |||
''Mèghadùta'', ''Cumàrasambhava'', ''Ritusamhàra'', ''Càlidàsa''? | |||
Scèashar Tàbha: a fictional explorer, like Robinson Crusoe? | |||
''seaothàna''? | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
p ph b bh t th d dh c ch g gh m mh n l r v s sh h (mh sounds like Sanskrit m with underdot) | |||
a e i o u à è ì ò ù ao ae ia ua aì eo èa eà eao iu iù oì uì | |||
a | ==Alphabet== | ||
Camalic uses a native writing system called ''Camalabhadra''. It's a Brahmic-style abugida with separate letters for unaspirated and aspirated consonants. | |||
==Grammar== | ==Grammar== | ||
Camalanàbha is an agglutinative, ergative, head-final language. | |||
The three core cases are absolutive, ergative, dative, and genitive. Other morphological cases arise from a suffixed preposition on one of these three cases, and many more "case" markers exist that are not morphological cases (read: postpositions). | |||
* ''nàbha'' 'speech (abs)' | |||
* ''nàbhala'' 'speech (erg)' | |||
* ''nàbhe'' 'speech (dat)' | |||
* ''nàbhaì'' 'speech (gen)' | |||
* ''sraimh'' 'person (abs)' | |||
* ''sraimhal'' 'person (erg)' | |||
* ''sraimhi'' 'person (dat)' | |||
* ''sraimhì'' 'person (gen)' | |||
Plurals are formed by ''-ava'' or ''-àna''. | |||
==Cognates in Skézaric== | |||
<!-- | |||
Inspiration: Loosely "Sanskrito-Thai with Tíogall vowels", but the stops shift like p ph b bh -> b v pʰ pʰ rather than b pʰ pʰ pʰ as in Thai | |||
mh -> ŋ | |||
f fh s sh -> f v s z | |||
ch -> IPA /j/ (written y); sch -> IPA /x/ (written χ) | |||
When ch is in the coda of an unstressed syllable though, it disappears. | |||
The unstressed vowels are a e i u | |||
Grammar: specified nouns are marked with an article "i", like Lushootseed "ti"; unspecified nouns are unmarked | |||
--> | |||
ǫ ę ǫ̈ = /ɔ ɛ œ/, acute = long vowel | |||
<!-- final -s in Camalic becomes -d, but final -sV becomes -s --> | |||
' | * náp Gamal = Camalic language | ||
* stépan = country | |||
* sra- = agentive | |||
* sreŋ = person | |||
* ík = to create -> to make -> to do | |||
* santaid = to specialize | |||
* pat = sea -> water -> drink | |||
* ka = edge -> cliff | |||
* evad = cat | |||
* fúrd = curiosity | |||
* braδam = green | |||
* vrúmla = dulcimer | |||
* savlada = pasta guitar | |||
* sumu = flute | |||
* koz = big (randomly changed) | |||
* sav = island | |||
* vǫ́nd = cave | |||
* grǫ́b = sleep | |||
* lítaŋ = concept, idea | |||
* tö́n = color | |||
* θám = fury | |||
* -ek = forms adverbs | |||
* pi = full of | |||
* bar = without | |||
* stab = king (shortened from *custab) | |||
* rǘka = love | |||
* kaŋ = river | |||
* gov = sky | |||
* θuz = cloud | |||
* táran = rain | |||
* lę́d = snow | |||
* sö́ri = hail | |||
* uavaδ = moon | |||
* éδ = sun | |||
* apiδ = sunny | |||
* ŋin = star | |||
* pét = flame | |||
* santarp = to end | |||
* tarp = end | |||
* bar tarp = without end | |||
* bartarpav = infinity | |||
* sampatsar = to burst | |||
* aθab = world | |||
* radiθab = (spinning) top | |||
* sanθab = to set in motion | |||
* ę́ŋuz = ant | |||
* tǫ́lb = fly (insect) | |||
* samast = moth | |||
* váruδ = spider | |||
* caδaz = beetle | |||
* ralö́p = larva (the prefix pra- always becomes ra-) | |||
* füariŋ = yellowjacket | |||
* tuvar = hawk | |||
* seba = eagle | |||
* ŋétaz = robin | |||
* saŋgasrid = to nest | |||
* tá = duck | |||
* skópar = bluejay | |||
* kǫ́ = raven | |||
** kǫ́δasan = nevermore | |||
* θamp = crow | |||
* sŋǘl = heron | |||
* snuaδrila = elephant | |||
* nála = swan | |||
* fiaŋ = fly (verb) | |||
* patan = swim | |||
* abróz = drive (verb) (or should it be bróz?) | |||
* maŋkal = exit (verb) | |||
* surapád = courtyard <!-- (the -pra- becomes -ra- because it's the prefix) --> | |||
* nas = space | |||
* vinás = to enlarge | |||
* drán = hope | |||
* bar drán = hopeless | |||
* dlǫ̈́ = window | |||
* túrav = to twist | |||
* srúl = to drag | |||
* prid = street | |||
* clę́b = load <!-- note: final -fh becomes -b but final -fhV becomes -v --> | |||
* treŋa = north | |||
* ruzab = west | |||
* vǫ́lir = east | |||
* dian = south | |||
[[Category:Conlangs]][[Category:Tricin]]{{pri}} |
Latest revision as of 15:37, 27 July 2023
Camalanàbha (Modern Padmanábha: /'kæm.l̩.'niə.b̥e/) or Camalapradhàna is a Camalic language inspired by Sanskrit. It is a major source of loans in Bhadhagha.
Diachronics
Camalanàbha should be conservative
PCam -oi, -ia > e, -e > -0, -o > a?, -oyi, -oyī > -aì
e o > a á (stealing from actual Sanskrit diachronics somewhat)
Lexicon
- shumushumunucunucubhàpubhafha = humuhunukunukuāpua'a
- sadhbhàvana = sweet food, dessert
- meadhbh, meadhbhàvana = alcoholic drinks
- ghamh-, ghaomh-, ghumh, ghuamh- = to be (like Irish tá)
- prefixed to verbs for the progressive aspect, like Aramaic qa
- seao- = self
- seaoghamh = self-existing
- seaoghamhsa = universe, nature
- libhe "to want"
- Camalanàbha = Camalic language
- sthàna, stha = (you polite pronoun)
- stèbhana = country
- sra(n)- = agentive
- sraimh = person
- èngh = to create
- sandhacht = to specialize
- bhadha = sea
- gha = edge
- evad = cat
- sphùrta = curiosity
- prathama = red
- antima = violet
- phrùmlach = dulcimer
- saphalatà = pasta guitar
- sumucha = flute
- bhishe = big
- sava = island
- vaonda = cave
- creaobh = sleep
- lèdhamh = concept, idea
- dheaona = color
- sthàma = fury
- -adh = forms adverbs
- abh(i)- = -ful
- pari(n)- = -less, un-
- gustav = king
- rughach = love
- gangà = river
- cofh = sky
- sthusha = cloud
- dhàrana = rain
- laesh = snow
- seoraì = frost
- uabhtha = moon
- ètha = sun
- abhiatha = sunny
- mhinna = star
- bhèda = flame
- sandarbha = to end
- darbha = end
- paridarbha = endless
- pàridarbhav = infinity
- sambhatsara = to burst
- àsthàpa = world
- pratisthàpana = (spinning) top
- sansthàpana = to set in motion
- aemhush = ant
- dhaolba = fly (insect)
- samasta = moth
- vàrutha = spider
- gathsha = beetle
- pralaobha = larva
- uarimh = yellowjacket
- duvar = hawk
- sepach = eagle
- mhaedhas = robin
- sancasrita = to nest
- dàcha = duck
- scòbhar = bluejay
- sthambha = crow
- gaocha = raven
- simhiùl = heron
- snuathrilach = elephant
- nàlach = swan
- sphiamh = fly (verb)
- badhan = swim
- apròsha = drive (verb)
- mangala = exit (verb)
- Mangalàsàsana = Brexit
- suprabhàta = courtyard
- nasa = space
- vinàsa = to enlarge
- tràna = hope
- paritràna = hopeless
- tleao = window
- dhùrva = to twist
- sruchal = to drag
- bhreodh = street
- om... = um...
- ghlaev = load
- dremhach = north
- rushv = west
- vaolèr = east
- tiana = south
- sthama = black
Todo
srutabòdha; pradhàna; pràrambha; pratimanthana; pratibimba
Mèghadùta, Cumàrasambhava, Ritusamhàra, Càlidàsa?
Scèashar Tàbha: a fictional explorer, like Robinson Crusoe?
seaothàna?
Phonology
p ph b bh t th d dh c ch g gh m mh n l r v s sh h (mh sounds like Sanskrit m with underdot)
a e i o u à è ì ò ù ao ae ia ua aì eo èa eà eao iu iù oì uì
Alphabet
Camalic uses a native writing system called Camalabhadra. It's a Brahmic-style abugida with separate letters for unaspirated and aspirated consonants.
Grammar
Camalanàbha is an agglutinative, ergative, head-final language.
The three core cases are absolutive, ergative, dative, and genitive. Other morphological cases arise from a suffixed preposition on one of these three cases, and many more "case" markers exist that are not morphological cases (read: postpositions).
- nàbha 'speech (abs)'
- nàbhala 'speech (erg)'
- nàbhe 'speech (dat)'
- nàbhaì 'speech (gen)'
- sraimh 'person (abs)'
- sraimhal 'person (erg)'
- sraimhi 'person (dat)'
- sraimhì 'person (gen)'
Plurals are formed by -ava or -àna.
Cognates in Skézaric
ǫ ę ǫ̈ = /ɔ ɛ œ/, acute = long vowel
- náp Gamal = Camalic language
- stépan = country
- sra- = agentive
- sreŋ = person
- ík = to create -> to make -> to do
- santaid = to specialize
- pat = sea -> water -> drink
- ka = edge -> cliff
- evad = cat
- fúrd = curiosity
- braδam = green
- vrúmla = dulcimer
- savlada = pasta guitar
- sumu = flute
- koz = big (randomly changed)
- sav = island
- vǫ́nd = cave
- grǫ́b = sleep
- lítaŋ = concept, idea
- tö́n = color
- θám = fury
- -ek = forms adverbs
- pi = full of
- bar = without
- stab = king (shortened from *custab)
- rǘka = love
- kaŋ = river
- gov = sky
- θuz = cloud
- táran = rain
- lę́d = snow
- sö́ri = hail
- uavaδ = moon
- éδ = sun
- apiδ = sunny
- ŋin = star
- pét = flame
- santarp = to end
- tarp = end
- bar tarp = without end
- bartarpav = infinity
- sampatsar = to burst
- aθab = world
- radiθab = (spinning) top
- sanθab = to set in motion
- ę́ŋuz = ant
- tǫ́lb = fly (insect)
- samast = moth
- váruδ = spider
- caδaz = beetle
- ralö́p = larva (the prefix pra- always becomes ra-)
- füariŋ = yellowjacket
- tuvar = hawk
- seba = eagle
- ŋétaz = robin
- saŋgasrid = to nest
- tá = duck
- skópar = bluejay
- kǫ́ = raven
- kǫ́δasan = nevermore
- θamp = crow
- sŋǘl = heron
- snuaδrila = elephant
- nála = swan
- fiaŋ = fly (verb)
- patan = swim
- abróz = drive (verb) (or should it be bróz?)
- maŋkal = exit (verb)
- surapád = courtyard
- nas = space
- vinás = to enlarge
- drán = hope
- bar drán = hopeless
- dlǫ̈́ = window
- túrav = to twist
- srúl = to drag
- prid = street
- clę́b = load
- treŋa = north
- ruzab = west
- vǫ́lir = east
- dian = south