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Bpnjohnson (talk | contribs) |
Bpnjohnson (talk | contribs) m (→Pronouns) |
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!width="100"| Equal !!width="100"| Family !!width="100"| Stranger !!width="100"| Teacher !!width="100"| Student !! | !width="100"| Equal !!width="100"| Family !!width="100"| Stranger !!width="100"| Teacher !!width="100"| Student !! | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | chal | ||
|| | ||cham | ||
|| | ||chā<ref>Etymological reference to ''chātturrarri'' ‘second brother’; indicates friendship or friendliness.</ref> | ||
|| | ||char | ||
|| | ||chāh<ref>Though similar in sound to ''chā'', this is an etymological reference to ''laichāh'', the yellow shadow from the red sun; indicates compliance.</ref> | ||
|align=left valign=top| first person singular, ‘I’ | |align=left valign=top| first person singular, ‘I’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|colspan=2| | |colspan=2|kit | ||
|| | ||kāl | ||
|| | ||kālli | ||
|| | ||chit<ref>Etymological reference to ''chitir'', the red shadow from the yellow sun, indicates truculence.</ref> | ||
|align=left valign=top| second person singular ‘you’ | |align=left valign=top| second person singular ‘you’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | yun | ||
|| | || yumi | ||
|| | || yun | ||
|| | ||yunum | ||
|| | ||yunīllah | ||
|align=left valign=top| third person singular animate ‘he / she’<ref>There is no gender distinction in the third person pronouns, though there is a distinction between animate (“he/she”) and inanimate (“it”).</ref> | |align=left valign=top| third person singular animate ‘he / she’<ref>There is no gender distinction in the third person pronouns, though there is a distinction between animate (“he/she”) and inanimate (“it”).</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|colspan=5| | |colspan=5| wih | ||
|align=left valign=top| third person singular inanimate ‘it’ | |align=left valign=top| third person singular inanimate ‘it’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | kichal | ||
|| | || kicham | ||
|| | || -<ref>There is not a single pronoun to represent this idea; instead it is rendered simply as ''chā ha kāl'' ‘I and you’.</ref> | ||
|| | ||chakrālli<ref>Metathesis of ''char''+''kālli'', because /rk/ is not a legal intrasyllabic sequence.</ref> | ||
|| | ||jachīt | ||
|align=left valign=top| first person dual inclusive ‘you and I, we’<ref>The first person dual inclusive pronoun (“you and I”) is optional; there is not a plural inclusive, and all other first person non-singular roles are assumed by the first person plural, whether inclusive or exclusive.</ref> | |align=left valign=top| first person dual inclusive ‘you and I, we’<ref>The first person dual inclusive pronoun (“you and I”) is optional; there is not a plural inclusive, and all other first person non-singular roles are assumed by the first person plural, whether inclusive or exclusive.</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | jāla | ||
|| | || jahla | ||
|| | || jal | ||
|| | ||jālinum | ||
|| | ||jahla | ||
|align=left valign=top| first person plural, ‘we’ | |align=left valign=top| first person plural, ‘we’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | gīs | ||
|| | || gīt | ||
|| | || gillā | ||
|| | ||gailinūh | ||
|| | ||gīt | ||
|align=left valign=top| second person plural, ‘you (all)’ | |align=left valign=top| second person plural, ‘you (all)’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|colspan=3| | |colspan=3| yaum | ||
|| | || yaunūh<ref>“They who are my parents/mentors/teachers.”</ref> | ||
|| | || yaunīllah<ref>“They who are my children/students.”</ref> | ||
|align=left valign=top| third person plural animate, ‘they’ | |align=left valign=top| third person plural animate, ‘they’ | ||
|- | |- | ||
|colspan=5| | |colspan=5| waih | ||
|align=left valign=top| third person plural inanimate, ‘they, those things’<ref>As with the third person singular, there is an animacy distinction in the third person plural (both rendered as ‘they’ in English). No registers are used with inanimate pronouns.</ref> | |align=left valign=top| third person plural inanimate, ‘they, those things’<ref>As with the third person singular, there is an animacy distinction in the third person plural (both rendered as ‘they’ in English). No registers are used with inanimate pronouns.</ref> | ||
|} | |} |