Wistanian: Difference between revisions
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m (→Instrumental: Added info about emphatic reflexives.) |
m (→Accusative: added some helpful information on the accusative.) |
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=====Accusative===== | =====Accusative===== | ||
'' | |||
The accusative particle marks the patient of a transitive verb. | |||
'''maniyai ami aa umbu va zi.''' | |||
mayiya-i ami '''aa''' umbu va zi. | |||
break -TEL friend '''ACC''' bone COP 3S.POSS | |||
"The friend broke their bone." | |||
When the patient is a pronoun, the particle is normally dropped, since some pronouns have their own accusative forms. The accusative can also double as a reflexive. | |||
'''vigai dari vai.''' | |||
viga-i dari '''vai'''. | |||
eat -TEL boy '''3Si.ACC'''. | |||
"The boy ate it." | |||
'''yiga yau dau.''' | |||
yiga -a yau '''dau'''. | |||
speak.to-ATEL 1S.NOM '''1S.ACC'''. | |||
"I speak to myself." | |||
The accusative form of the third person animate and spiritual pronouns are identical to their nominative counterparts. The accusative particle is added if the patient is different than the agent, but is omitted if used as a reflexive. | |||
'''dduwi auzi auzi''' | |||
ddu-(w)i auzi '''auzi'''. | |||
hit-TEL 3Sa.NOM '''3Sa.ACC''' | |||
"He hit himself." | |||
'''dduwi auzi aa auzi.''' | |||
ddu-(w)i auzi '''aa auzi'''. | |||
hit-TEL 3Sa.NOM '''ACC 3Sa.ACC'''. | |||
"He hit him." | |||
=====Instrumental===== | =====Instrumental===== | ||