Heracliotic Greek: Difference between revisions

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===Consonants===
===Consonants===
Voiced stops at the beginning of a word or beginning a stressed syllable merged with the aspirates, leaving a rising tone (pre-existing aspirates result in a level high tone). Liquid consonants /l, ʎ, m, n, ɲ, r/ also came to be followed by a rising tone, that was changed to a level high tone when provected.
*βα /ba/ → /pʰǎ/
*δα /da/ → /tʰǎ/
*γα /ga/ → /kʰǎ/
*φα /pʰa/ → /pʰá/
*θα /kʰa/ → /tʰá/
*χα /kʰa/ → /kʰá/


Voiced stops were lenited:
Otherwise, voiced stops were lenited after vowels to the extent that they were entirely lost, The vowels that came into contact as a result formed diphthongs:
*β /b/ → /f/
*β δ γ /b, d, g/ → /Ø/
*δ /d/ → /ɾ/
*γ /g/ → /j/


This makes /ɾ/ and /r/ independent phonemes that contrast in any position (unlike Spanish where they only contrast between vowels).
*aCa → /a/
*aCe → /ai/
*aCi → /ai/
*aCo → /au/
*aCu → /au/
*eCa → /ja/
*eCe → /e/
*eCi → /ei/
*eCo → /eu/
*eCu → /eu/
*iCa → /ia/
*iCe → /ie/
*iCi → /i/
*iCo → /iu/
*iCu → /iu/
*uCa → /ua/
*uCe → /ui/
*uCi → /ui/
*uCo → /u/
*uCu → /u/


Voiceless stops were also lenited:
Voiceless stops were also lenited:
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*κκ σκ ξ χ κχ σχ /kk sk x kh kkh skh/ → /kʰ/
*κκ σκ ξ χ κχ σχ /kk sk x kh kkh skh/ → /kʰ/


Aspirates lost aspiration after vowels and voiced fricatives, unless provection blocked it.
Aspirates lost aspiration before unstressed vowels. As unstressed vowels do not carry phonemic tone, this did not have any tonal effect.


/s/ became lenited between vowels (but not when geminated or in pausa):
/s/ became lenited between vowels (but not when geminated or in pausa):
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