Undernederlandsk: Difference between revisions
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==== | ====Declensions==== | ||
Nouns can be declensed in accordance with two grammatical numbers: singular and plural. These are further declensed in accordance with the three grammatical genders: masculine, feminine and neuter. There is also a specific set of declensions for words ending on vowels. | Nouns can be declensed in accordance with two grammatical numbers: singular and plural. These are further declensed in accordance with the three grammatical genders: masculine, feminine and neuter. There is also a specific set of declensions for words ending on vowels. | ||
The '''first | '''First declension''': ''ending consonant (masculine)'' | ||
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{|class=wikitable | |||
|- | |||
! | |||
! Singular | |||
! Plural | |||
|- | |||
!| Indefinite | |||
| ''fjæll'' | |||
(a) mountain | |||
| ''fjæll'''er''''' | |||
mountains | |||
|- | |||
!| Definite | |||
| ''fjæll'''en''''' | |||
the mountain | |||
| ''fjæll'''erne''''' | |||
the mountain | |||
|} | |||
|} | |||
The '''first declension''' is reserved for masculine nouns ending with a consonant. This declension uses "-en" for definite singular nouns and "-er" for indefinite plural and "-ern'''e'''" for definite plural nouns. | |||
'''Second declension''': ''ending consonant (feminine)'' | |||
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{|class=wikitable | |||
|- | |||
! | |||
! Singular | |||
! Plural | |||
|- | |||
!| Indefinite | |||
| ''kvind'' | |||
(a) woman | |||
| ''kvind'''er''''' | |||
women | |||
|- | |||
!| Definite | |||
| ''kvind'''en''''' | |||
the woman | |||
| ''kvind'''erna''''' | |||
the women | |||
|} | |||
|} | |||
The '''second declension''' is reserved for feminine nouns ending with a consonant. This declension uses "-en" for definite singular nouns and "-er" for indefinite and "-ern'''a'''" for definite plural nouns. | |||
'''Third declension''': ''ending consonant (neuter)'' | |||
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{|class=wikitable | |||
|- | |||
! | |||
! Singular | |||
! Plural | |||
|- | |||
!| Indefinite | |||
| ''land'' | |||
(a) land/country | |||
| ''land'''er''''' | |||
lands/countries | |||
|- | |||
!| Definite | |||
| ''land'''et''''' | |||
the land/country | |||
| ''land'''erna''''' | |||
the lands/countries | |||
|} | |||
|} | |||
The '''third declension''' is reserved for neuter nouns ending with a consonant. This declension uses "-et" for definite singular nouns and "-er" for indefinite and "-ern'''a'''" for definite plural nouns. | |||
'''Fourth declension''': ''ending vowel (all genders) (except the vowels "-å", "-o" and "-u")'' | |||
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{|class=wikitable | |||
|- | |||
! | |||
! Singular | |||
! Plural | |||
|- | |||
!| Indefinite | |||
| ''mose''<br> | |||
(a) swamp<br> | |||
''flaska''<br> | |||
(a) bottle<br> | |||
''sky''<br> | |||
(a) sky | |||
'' | |||
| ''mose'''r''''' | |||
swamps<br> | |||
''flaska'''r'''''<br> | |||
bottles<br> | |||
''sky'''r'''''<br> | |||
skies | |||
|- | |||
!| Definite | |||
| ''mose'''n''''' | |||
the swamp<br> | |||
''flaska'''n'''''<br> | |||
the bottle<br> | |||
''sky'''t'''''<br> | |||
the sky | |||
| ''mose'''rne''''' | |||
the swamps<br> | |||
''flaska'''rna'''''<br> | |||
the bottles<br> | |||
''sky'''rna'''''<br> | |||
the skies | |||
|} | |||
|} | |||
====Articles, definite forms and plurals==== | ====Articles, definite forms and plurals==== | ||