TolsianR: Difference between revisions

| '''Singular Masculine''' || êl (ê before a consonant) || one (on before a vowel)

| '''Singular Feminine''' || la (la' [l] before a vowel) || ona (ona' [on] before a vowel)

| '''Plural Masculine''' || lec (lecͪ [le] before a consonant) || onec (onecͪ [one] before a consonant), dalec (dalecͪ) (neutral)

| '''Plural Feminine''' || lec (lecͪ [le] before a consonant) || onac (onacͪ [ona] before a consonant), dalec (dalecͪ) (neutral)

On many nouns ending in a vowel, gender is identifiable as -e and -o are masculine markers, while -a is a feminine marker. But nouns ending with a consonant don't provide such cue.  Animatedness is marked in the accusative case as the prefix will be ke- (or k- before a vowel) in the case of an inanimate noun, and dake- (or dak- before a vowel) in the case of an animate noun. Also, "natural" gender is usually reflected in the grammatical gender (nous which refer to male beings usually are masculine, and vice-versa) ; and "natural" animatedness is usually reflected in grammatical animatedness as well : people, animals and, it is worth noticing, plants, are usually animate, while objects, concepts etc are usually inanimate.

Articles and Adjectives agree in gender with Nouns depending on their being masculine or feminine, while verbs have a different conjugation depending on the animate vs inanimate opposition, and the Accusative marker differs as well. In the plural there is a neutral form if masculine and feminine nouns are under the scope of the same modifier ; in adjectives, the vowel associated with neutral is -i. If a verb has a complex subject comprised of animate and inanimate nouns, most usually the animate conjugation will be used.

Nominative and so-called Oblique are unmarked, while Accusative is marked with a prefix which is different depending on the Animatedness status of the noun : the prefix will be ke- (or k- before a vowel) in the case of an inanimate noun, and dake- (or dak- before a vowel) in the case of an animate noun.

There are two main classes of verbs : those whose stem ends in a vowel, and those whose stem ends in a consonant. Verbs ending with an -a or an -i usually just take an -r to form the infinitive, while the other ones usually take a -ƃ /bɾa/. Verbs agree in person, animatedness and number with their subject. There are formally seven persons in TolsianR : first singular, second singular, third singular, first plural, second plural, third plural, and the "polite" second person used in formal contexts for which number is neutralized.