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Chlouvānem/Morphology: Difference between revisions
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→Use of possessives
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The voice-marked topic usually does not have a possessive if it belongs to a first- or second-person agent which is explicitely marked. Particularly, the words ''meinā'' (mother) and ''bunā'' (father) are almost always possessive-less. e.g.: | The voice-marked topic usually does not have a possessive if it belongs to a first- or second-person agent which is explicitely marked. Particularly, the words ''meinā'' (mother) and ''bunā'' (father) are almost always possessive-less. e.g.: | ||
* ''ñæltah hånyadaikire furṣīnaviṣyu lēyet emęliosi'' - It is my sister I gave that wonderful poetry book to. — note how it is simply ''ñæltah'' and not ''liliā ñæltah'' because of the presence of the ergative pronoun ''lēyet''. | * ''ñæltah hånyadaikire furṣīnaviṣyu lēyet emęliosi'' - It is my sister I gave that wonderful poetry book to. — note how it is simply ''ñæltah'' and not ''liliā ñæltah'' because of the presence of the ergative pronoun ''lēyet''. | ||
If the sentence is focussed on a verb-marked (i.e. with a dropped pronoun) agent, it is more common to use the possessive. In many colloquial varieties of Chlouvānem, there is a developing distinction between using the reflexive and the 1st- or 2nd- person forms, where the reflexive is more commonly (but still not exclusively!) used for alienable possession and the other for inalienable possession. Thus, "my sister" is more commonly ''liliā ñæltah'', while "my book" is more commonly ''demiā naviṣya'', at least in a sentence with a first person focus. The above example would become ''liliåh ñæltom hånyadaikire furṣīnaviṣyu emęliaṃte''; one could also stress the fact it's their own book and thus say ''liliåh ñæltom hånyadaikire demiau furṣīnaviṣyu emęliaṃte''. | If the sentence is focussed on a verb-marked (i.e. with a dropped pronoun) agent, it is more common to use the possessive. In many colloquial varieties of Chlouvānem, there is a developing distinction between using the reflexive and the 1st- or 2nd- person forms, where the reflexive is more commonly (but still not exclusively!) used for alienable possession and the other for inalienable possession. Thus, "my sister" is more commonly ''liliā ñæltah'', while "my book" is more commonly ''demiā naviṣya'', at least in a sentence with a first person focus. The above example would become ''liliåh ñæltom hånyadaikire furṣīnaviṣyu emęliaṃte''; one could also stress the fact it's their own book and thus say ''liliåh ñæltom hånyadaikire demiau furṣīnaviṣyu emęliaṃte''.<br/>Still, even in this case, "mother" and "father" would still lack a possessive, as referring to someone else's mother or father would anyway need the honorific words ''nāḍima'' and ''tāmvāram'' respectively, instead of ''meinā'' and ''bunā''. | ||
=== Correlatives === | === Correlatives === | ||