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In contemporary Chlouvānem, most forms of the imperative are obsolete: the imperfective imperative is typically only used in the 2SG and in the 3SG patientive; the singular and first-person plural (except for the 1SG and 3SG causatives) are the only ones commonly used in the perfective. The imperative is, furthermore, colloquial and may be impolite in many cases; wherever a command is needed, the optative is used instead, if not even more complex constructions.<br/>The imperative is however used for generic, mandatory commands, most notably on warning signs or announcements, such as e.g. ''nakāyų thiatia'' "mind the gap". | In contemporary Chlouvānem, most forms of the imperative are obsolete: the imperfective imperative is typically only used in the 2SG and in the 3SG patientive; the singular and first-person plural (except for the 1SG and 3SG causatives) are the only ones commonly used in the perfective. The imperative is, furthermore, colloquial and may be impolite in many cases; wherever a command is needed, the optative is used instead, if not even more complex constructions.<br/>The imperative is however used for generic, mandatory commands, most notably on warning signs or announcements, such as e.g. ''nakāyų thiatia'' "mind the gap". | ||
''In all following tables, forms in <small>smaller</small> | ''In all following tables, forms in <small>smaller italic font</small> are obsolete in contemporary Chlouvānem.'' | ||
'''Imperfective aspect''' | '''Imperfective aspect''' | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=3 | Sing. !! 1st | ! rowspan=3 | Sing. !! 1st | ||
| <small>nāmv'''iku'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''yasu'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''iriku'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''ildiku'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''ildesu'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''ildriku'''</small> | | <small>''nāmv'''iku'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''yasu'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''iriku'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''ildiku'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''ildesu'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''ildriku'''''</small> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | ! 2nd | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | ! 3rd | ||
| nāmv'''ogit''' || <small>nāmv'''āgi'''</small> || nāmv'''irogi''' || <small>nāmv'''ildogi'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''ildāgi'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''ildrogi'''</small> | | nāmv'''ogit''' || <small>''nāmv'''āgi'''''</small> || nāmv'''irogi''' || <small>''nāmv'''ildogi'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''ildāgi'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''ildrogi'''''</small> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=3 | Dual !! 1st | ! rowspan=3 | Dual !! 1st | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=3 | Pl. !! 1st | ! rowspan=3 | Pl. !! 1st | ||
| <small>nāmv'''immi'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''yasmi'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''irimmi'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''ildimmi'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''ildesmi'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''ildrimmi'''</small> | | <small>''nāmv'''immi'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''yasmi'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''irimmi'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''ildimmi'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''ildesmi'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''ildrimmi'''''</small> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | ! 2nd | ||
| <small>nāmv'''oše'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''ąs'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''irąs'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''ilduše'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''ildąs'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''ildruše'''</small> | | <small>''nāmv'''oše'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''ąs'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''irąs'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''ilduše'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''ildąs'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''ildruše'''''</small> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | ! 3rd | ||
| <small>nāmv'''avija'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''aik'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''iroja'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''ildoja'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''ildaik'''</small> || <small>nāmv'''ildroja'''</small> | | <small>''nāmv'''avija'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''aik'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''iroja'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''ildoja'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''ildaik'''''</small> || <small>''nāmv'''ildroja'''''</small> | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=3 | Sing. !! 1st | ! rowspan=3 | Sing. !! 1st | ||
| anāmv'''iku''' || anāmv'''yasu''' || anāmv'''iriku''' || <small>anāmv'''ildiku'''</small> || <small>anāmv'''ildesu'''</small> || <small>anāmv'''ildriku'''</small> | | anāmv'''iku''' || anāmv'''yasu''' || anāmv'''iriku''' || <small>''anāmv'''ildiku'''''</small> || <small>''anāmv'''ildesu'''''</small> || <small>''anāmv'''ildriku'''''</small> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | ! 2nd | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | ! 3rd | ||
| anāmv'''oja''' || anāmv'''ænь''' || anāmv'''iruja''' || <small>anāmv'''ilduja'''</small> || <small>anāmv'''ildænь'''</small> || <small>anāmv'''ildṛja'''</small> | | anāmv'''oja''' || anāmv'''ænь''' || anāmv'''iruja''' || <small>''anāmv'''ilduja'''''</small> || <small>''anāmv'''ildænь'''''</small> || <small>''anāmv'''ildṛja'''''</small> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=3 | Dual !! 1st | ! rowspan=3 | Dual !! 1st | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! 2nd | ! 2nd | ||
| <small>anāmv'''oše'''</small> || <small>anāmv'''ąs'''</small> || <small>anāmv'''irąs'''</small> || <small>anāmv'''ilduše'''</small> || <small>anāmv'''ildąs'''</small> || <small>anāmv'''ildruše'''</small> | | <small>''anāmv'''oše'''''</small> || <small>''anāmv'''ąs'''''</small> || <small>''anāmv'''irąs'''''</small> || <small>''anāmv'''ilduše'''''</small> || <small>''anāmv'''ildąs'''''</small> || <small>''anāmv'''ildruše'''''</small> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 3rd | ! 3rd | ||
| <small>anāmv'''avija'''</small> || <small>anāmv'''aik'''</small> || <small>anāmv'''iroja'''</small> || <small>anāmv'''ildoja'''</small> || <small>anāmv'''ildaik'''</small> || <small>anāmv'''ildroja'''</small> | | <small>''anāmv'''avija'''''</small> || <small>''anāmv'''aik'''''</small> || <small>''anāmv'''iroja'''''</small> || <small>''anāmv'''ildoja'''''</small> || <small>''anāmv'''ildaik'''''</small> || <small>''anāmv'''ildroja'''''</small> | ||
|} | |} | ||
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