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Tigol/Proto-Tigol: Difference between revisions
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*Correct aesthetics | *Correct aesthetics | ||
**"Cleaner", less Slavic. That's a start. ✓ | **"Cleaner", less Slavic. That's a start. ✓ | ||
*Expand explanation on | *Expand explanation on infinitive and supine | ||
*Ditch thematic vowels <s>and/or participial infixes</s>? Pretty unrealistic to have both, anyway | *Ditch thematic vowels <s>and/or participial infixes</s>? Pretty unrealistic to have both, anyway | ||
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The participle is principally used in relative clauses. The tense of a participle is relative to the tense of the main clause. | The participle is principally used in relative clauses. The tense of a participle is relative to the tense of the main clause. | ||
The | The infinitive is used in reason clauses, time clauses, indirect speech (as the infinitive copula ''va̋cs'' + participle) whose truth is believed strongly by the speaker, and more rarely purpose clauses. The possessor of the infinitive represents the verb's subject. | ||
The | The supine is used as a complement to certain verbs and in any other situation calling for a verb with no independent subject or TAM, and is used adverbially with prepositions. The ''supine absolute'' construction formed with the supine indicates a manner of action or simultaneous action. The possessor of the supine represents the verb's object. | ||
====Conjugation==== | ====Conjugation==== | ||
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The participle is formed by the suffix ''-ryl, -rl-''. | The participle is formed by the suffix ''-ryl, -rl-''. | ||
The | The infinitive is formed by suffixing ''-s'' to the 2nd person masculine singular imperative. | ||
The | The supine is formed by ''-m'' to the 2nd person masculine singular imperative. | ||
The action noun is formed by ''-né'' (''g'') to the 2nd person masculine singular imperative. | The action noun is formed by ''-né'' (''g'') to the 2nd person masculine singular imperative. | ||
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====Time clauses==== | ====Time clauses==== | ||
Time clauses are constructed with a preposition and the | Time clauses are constructed with a preposition and the infinitive with the possessor as subject. | ||
:'''''āl lēvasýn''' (lit. with my running)'' | :'''''āl lēvasýn''' (lit. with my running)'' | ||
:''while I run/was running (imperfective)'' | :''while I run/was running (imperfective)'' | ||
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====Modal verbs==== | ====Modal verbs==== | ||
"To want" is ''srétî''. It is used (chiefly with an intransitive verb) in the | "To want" is ''srétî''. It is used (chiefly with an intransitive verb) in the infinitive, always with a subject possessor (''Srétȉ mispasén d'insé'' "I want to travel in a city", lit. "I want my traveling in a city"), or with transitive verbs in the supine (definite direct objects are marked). | ||
===Periphrastic causatives=== | ===Periphrastic causatives=== | ||
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*''-d-/-de'': nominalizer (less productive) | *''-d-/-de'': nominalizer (less productive) | ||
*''-dr-'' (''c''): -ful | *''-dr-'' (''c''): -ful | ||
*''[most often | *''[most often infinitive]-iħe'' (''f'' ''c''): nominalizer of [verb] | ||
*''-in'' (''m'' ''g'', not very productive): semantic patient of (verb) | *''-in'' (''m'' ''g'', not very productive): semantic patient of (verb) | ||
*''-índ-'' (''c''): diminutive (''ħrôm'' 'horse' > ''ħrōmínd'' 'foal, colt') | *''-índ-'' (''c''): diminutive (''ħrôm'' 'horse' > ''ħrōmínd'' 'foal, colt') | ||