Qazhrian: Difference between revisions

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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
| '''Radical''' || p || t || c || s || kj || k || q || b || d || x || z || gj || g
| '''Radical''' || p || t || c || s || sj || kj || k || q || b || d || x || z || gj || g
|-
|-
| '''Soft''' || b || d || x || s || gj || g || l || v || zj || z || z || y || gh
| '''Soft''' || b || d || x || s || sj || gj || g || l || v || zj || z || z || y || gh
|-
|-
| '''Nasal''' || p || t || c || s || kj || k || q || m || n || x || z || nj || ng
| '''Nasal''' || p || t || c || s || sj || kj || k || q || m || n || x || z || nj || ng
|-
|-
| '''Hard''' || p || sj || s || ts || kj || c'h || ħ || p || t || c || s || kj || k
| '''Hard''' || p || sj || s || c || kj || kj || c'h || ħ || p || t || c || s || kj || k
|}
|}



Revision as of 22:35, 9 February 2018

Qazhrian (/kɑːʒriən/ KAHZH-ree-uhn; natively: Qazhrem /ˈqaʒrem/ or hë Lazhrem /hə ˈʟaʒrem/) is a Talmic language spoken in Qazhra (from Thensarian Ȝactrasē), a Talman country. It is descended from Thensarian.

External history

This language was originally called Benocian and was Romance- and Ashkenazi Hebrew-inspired, and it had a strong Portuguese flavor. Recently I decided to rework it, basing the aesthetic more on Albanian and Breton.

Ideas

  • Breton-ish but not too gibby. Get more palatal consonants.
  • /ts, dz/ from Thensarian /θ ð/
    • or > /š ž/?
    • d and dz both lenite to z
  • /q/ lenites intervocallically to /ʟ/
  • /m/ does NOT lenite.
  • = I
  • wōr = you (sg)
  • tëzh = child
  • rront = man
  • yënal = water
  • wëkj = name
  • = in front of
  • basht = head

Diachronics

  • i ī u ū e o ē ō a ā e ae ao ei eo iu oe ui > i e ou u ë o ō ē a ō ai au e ou u e

Phonology

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
Nasal m /m/ n /n/ nj /ɲ/ ng /ŋ/
Plosive voiceless p /p/ t /t/, c /ts/ kj /c/ k /k/ q /q/
voiced b /b/ d /d/, x /dz/ gj /ɟ/ g /g/
Fricative voiceless f /f/ s /s/ sh /ʃ/ c'h /x/ ħ /χ/ h /h/
voiced v /v/ z /z/ zh /ʒ/ gh /ɣ/
Liquid r /ɾ/, rr /r/ l /ɴ̆~ʟ/
Approximant w /w/ y /j/

p, f are found in loanwords (e.g. from Clofabic and Windermere).

Auslautverhärtung operates for plosives and is reflected in the orthography.

Vowels

Vowels
Front Central Back
Close i /i/ u /y/ ou /u/
Close-mid e /e/ ë /ə/ o /o/
Open-mid ē /ɛ/ ō /ɔ/
Open a /a/

Diphthongs: ai au /əi əu/; ië uë ouë /iə yə uə/ from loans

Morphology

Mutations

Qazhrian has three types of mutations: soft, nasal, and hard.

Radical p t c s sj kj k q b d x z gj g
Soft b d x s sj gj g l v zj z z y gh
Nasal p t c s sj kj k q m n x z nj ng
Hard p sj s c kj kj c'h ħ p t c s kj k
Radical m n w l rr y
Soft v n w l r y
Nasal m n w l rr y
Hard m n gw gl gr gj

Nouns

Qazhrian lost grammatical gender and all nominal inflections except number and construct state.

Article mutation example:

  • tëzh 'a child'; hë dëzh 'the child'
  • rront 'a man'; hë ront 'the man'

Construct state is usually formed with -ët or -t:

  • tëzhët hë ront 'the man's child'

Verbs

There are finite verbs, but auxiliaries are also important

Syntax