Kola: Difference between revisions

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====Case marking====

Case is marked on the full nominal phrase. Prefixes occur at the beginning of the phrase and suffixes occur at the end.

Kola has a marked nominative. Case is marked on the full nominal phrase. Prefixes occur at the beginning of the phrase and suffixes occur at the end.

*'''Absolutive''': Unmarked. Used as the citation form, for nominal complements, for objects of adpositions, for the direct object of verbs, and for focused nominals.

*'''Nominative''': Marked with ''-ni''. Used for the subject of verbs and the copula (even when dropped) except when focused.

*'''Genitive''': Formed with the possessive prefix ''a- / -ä-'' (with the appropriate concord prefix).

*'''Dative''': Class 17 prefix. Used for indirect object, destination, "to/for", "to the benefit of".

*'''Dative''': Class 17 prefix (''g(w/ï)-''). Used for indirect object, destination, "to/for", "to the benefit of".

*'''Ablative''': Class 16 prefix. Used for source, "against", "to the detriment of".

*'''Ablative''': Class 16 prefix (''bä-''). Used for source, "against", "to the detriment of".

*'''Instrumental''': Class 16 prefix. Used for instrument, means.

*'''Instrumental''': Class 16 prefix (''bä-''). Used for instrument, means.

*'''Locative''': Class 16/17/18 prefix. Used for location.

*'''Locative''': Class 16/17/18 prefix (''bä-/g(w/ï)-/mu-''). Used for location.

*'''Comitative''': Marked with ''nä-''. Means "with".

===Articles===

@@ Line 801: / Line 801: @@
 ====Case marking====
-Case is marked on the full nominal phrase. Prefixes occur at the beginning of the phrase and suffixes occur at the end.
+Kola has a marked nominative. Case is marked on the full nominal phrase. Prefixes occur at the beginning of the phrase and suffixes occur at the end.
 *'''Absolutive''': Unmarked. Used as the citation form, for nominal complements, for objects of adpositions, for the direct object of verbs, and for focused nominals.
 *'''Nominative''': Marked with ''-ni''. Used for the subject of verbs and the copula (even when dropped) except when focused.
 *'''Genitive''': Formed with the possessive prefix ''a- / -ä-'' (with the appropriate concord prefix).
-*'''Dative''': Class 17 prefix. Used for indirect object, destination, "to/for", "to the benefit of".
+*'''Dative''': Class 17 prefix (''g(w/ï)-''). Used for indirect object, destination, "to/for", "to the benefit of".
-*'''Ablative''': Class 16 prefix. Used for source, "against", "to the detriment of".
+*'''Ablative''': Class 16 prefix (''bä-''). Used for source, "against", "to the detriment of".
-*'''Instrumental''': Class 16 prefix. Used for instrument, means.
+*'''Instrumental''': Class 16 prefix (''bä-''). Used for instrument, means.
-*'''Locative''': Class 16/17/18 prefix. Used for location.
+*'''Locative''': Class 16/17/18 prefix (''bä-/g(w/ï)-/mu-''). Used for location.
+*'''Comitative''': Marked with ''nä-''. Means "with".
 ===Articles===