Qazhrian

Qazhrian/Lexicon

Qazhrian
Qazhrem, kje Lazhrem
Pronunciation	[/ˈqaʒɾem/, /ce ˈʟaʒɾem/]
Created by	User:IlL
Setting	Verse:Tricin
Native speakers	100 million L1 speakers (300 million L2 speakers) (fT 1670dd (2676))
Language family	Quihum Talmic Thensaric Qazhrian

Qazhrian (/kɑːʒriən/ KAHZH-ree-uhn; natively: Qazhrem /ˈqaʒɾem/ or kje Lazhrem /ce ˈʟaʒɾem/) is a Talmic language spoken in Qazhra (from Thensarian Ȝactrasei), a Talman country. It is the second-largest Talmic language in terms of number of speakers after Skellan, because most Qazhrian speakers reside in Cualuav.

Qazhrian is descended from central and southern dialects of Thensarian.

External history

This language was originally called Benocian and was Romance- and Ashkenazi Hebrew-inspired, and it had a strong Portuguese flavor - almost a Portuguese gib. So I found it dissatisfying and decided to rework it, basing the aesthetic more on Albanian and Breton. The name "Qazhrian" is the name of one of Praimhín's old sketches.

Ideas

• Breton-ish but not too gibby. Get more palatal consonants.
• /ts, dz/ from Thensarian /θ ð/
  • d and dz both lenite to z
• /q/ lenites intervocallically to /ʟ/; conversely, /ʟ/ > /q/ initially.
• /m/ does NOT lenite.
• Qe! = a greeting (from lăwey)? or 'Be quiet!'?

Diachronics

• i ī u ū e o ē ō a ā e ae ao ei eo iu oe ui > i e ou u ë o ō ē a ō ai au e ou u e

Phonology

The following describes the prestige dialect spoken in Ħurighen.

Consonants

		Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Nasal		m /m/	n /n/	nj /ɲ/	ng /ŋ/
Plosive	voiceless	p /p/	t /t/, c /ts/	kj /c/	k /k/	q /q/
	voiced	b /b/	d /d/, x /dz/	gj /ɟ/	g /g/
Fricative	voiceless	f /f/	s /s/	sh /ʃ/	c'h /x/	ħ /χ/	h /h/
	voiced	v /v/	z /z/	zh /ʒ/	gh /ɣ/
Liquid			r /ɾ/, rr /r/			l /ɴ̆~ʟ/
Approximant		w /w/		y /j/

p is found in loanwords (e.g. from Clofabic and Windermere).

Auslautverhärtung operates for plosives and is reflected in the orthography: aqet /ˈaqet/ 'to jump; jump!' vs. aqedëv /aˈqedəv/ '[X] jumps'.

Vowels

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i /i/	u /y/	ou /u/
Close-mid	e /e/	ë /ə/	o /o/
Open-mid	ē /ɛ/		ō /ɔ/
Open		a /a/

Diphthongs: ai au /əi əu/; ië uë ouë /iə yə uə/ from loans

Stress

Stress is penultimate in native words, but always ultimate in loans.

Morphology

Mutations

Qazhrian has three types of mutations: soft, nasal, and hard.

Radical

p

f

t

c

s

sh

kj

k

q

ħ

b

d

x

z

gj

g

Soft

b

f

d

x

s

sh

gj

g

l

ħ

v

zh

z

z

y

gh

Nasal

p

f

t

c

s

sh

kj

k

l

ħ

m

n

x

z

nj

ng

Hard

p

f

sh

s

c

sh

kj

c'h

ħ

ħ

p

t

c

s

kj

k

Radical	m	n	nj	w	rr	y
Soft	m	n	nj	w	r	y
Nasal	m	n	nj	w	rr	y
Hard	m	n	nj	gw	gr	gj

Examples:

• The definite article kje-S triggers soft mutation.
• The relativizer re-N triggers nasal mutation.
• The complementizer yemm-H triggers hard mutation.

Nouns

Qazhrian lost grammatical gender and all nominal inflections except number and construct state.

There is no indefinite article. The definite article is kje (< φinom), and it triggers the soft mutation:

• tëzh /təʒ/ 'a child'; kje dëzh /ce dəʒ/ 'the child'
• rronn /ron/ 'a man'; kje ronn /ce ɾon/ 'the man'
• kavër /ˈkavəɾ/ 'a woman'; kje gavër /ce ˈgavər/ 'the woman'
• qe 'peace' > aun kje le 'make peace'

Construct state is usually formed with -ët in the singular and -ëv in the plural:

• tëzhët kje ronn /ˈtəʒət ce ɾon/ 'the man's child'

Plurals are always formed with -nj for nouns ending in vowels and -i for nouns ending in consonants.

Adjectives

Attributive adjectives lenite after definite nouns:

• rronn garv 'a heavy man'; kje ronn gharv 'the heavy man'
• kadër kjun xelem (flower blue beautiful) 'a beautiful blue flower', kje gadër gjun zelem 'the beautiful blue flower'

Verbs

There are finite verbs, but auxiliaries are also important. Most verbs have two principal parts at most.

Aqedëv kje nous mrēsh lel krok kje sauv zrōmëran.

/aˈqedəv ce nus mɾɛʃ ʟeʟ kɾok ce səuv zɾɔˈməɾan/

jump-3P.NARR the fox brown quick over the dog lazy

The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.

Rëv stiëvi bēs qōtsav de nec kjouganēr.

/ɾəv ˈstiəvi bɛs ˈqɔtsav de nets cuˈganɛɾ/

AUX-3P.PRES idea-PL green color-without at sleep.VN furious-ADV

Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.

Conjugation of aqet, aqedëv 'jump':

Infinitive; imperative: aqet

Narrative tense: aqedan, aqeder, aqedëv, aqedem, aqedent, aqedëg, aqedëv

Past tense: aqedezj, aqedëw, aqedo, aqedemër, aqedentër, aqedëgër, aqedo

Future: aqedōn, aqedōr, aqedō, aqedōm, aqedōnt, aqedōg, aqedō < aqedōdōn, aqedōdōr, ...