Haoli: Difference between revisions

From Linguifex
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 410: Line 410:
|-
|-
!colspan="3"|[0-20]
!colspan="3"|[0-20]
|-
!colspan="3"|[20-40]
!colspan="3"|[20-40]
|-
|-
!Decimal !! Vigesimal !! Haoli
!Decimal !! Vigesimal !! Haoli !!Decimal !! Vigesimal !! Haoli
|-
|0 || 0 || mitat
|-
|1 || 1 || edu
|-
|2 || 2 || ket
|-
|3 || 3 || har
|-
|4 || 4 || neg
|-
|5 || 5 || ote
|-
|6 || 6 || vat
|-
|7 || 7 || jet
|-
|8 || 8 || njol
|-
|9 || 9 || reso
|-
|10 || A || poi
|-
|11 || B || ofu
|-
|12 || C || ver
|-
|13 || D || los
|-
|14 || E || is
|-
|15 || F || ox
|-
|16 || G || cic
|-
|17 || H || tal
|-
|18 || J || af
|-
|19 || K || bona
|-
|20 || 10 || uv
|-
!Decimal !! Vigesimal !! Haoli
|-
|-
|20 || 10 || uv
|0 || 0 || mitat ||20 || 10 || uv
|-
|-
|21 || 11 || uvedu
|1 || 1 || edu ||21 || 11 || uvedu
|-
|-
|22 || 12 || uvket
|2 || 2 || ket ||22 || 12 || uvket
|-
|-
|23 || 13 || uvhar
|3 || 3 || har ||23 || 13 || uvhar
|-
|-
|24 || 14 || uvneg
|4 || 4 || neg ||24 || 14 || uvneg
|-
|-
|25 || 15 || uvote
|5 || 5 || ote ||25 || 15 || uvote
|-
|-
|26 || 16 || uvvat
|6 || 6 || vat ||26 || 16 || uvvat
|-
|-
|27 || 17 || uvjet
|7 || 7 || jet ||27 || 17 || uvjet
|-
|-
|28 || 18 || uvnjol
|8 || 8 || njol ||28 || 18 || uvnjol
|-
|-
|29 || 19 || uvreso
|9 || 9 || reso ||29 || 19 || uvreso
|-
|-
|30 || 1A || uvpoi
|10 || A || poi ||30 || 1A || uvpoi
|-
|-
|31 || 1B || uvofu
|11 || B || ofu ||31 || 1B || uvofu
|-
|-
|32 || 1C || uvver
|12 || C || ver ||32 || 1C || uvver
|-
|-
|33 || 1D || uvlos
|13 || D || los ||33 || 1D || uvlos
|-
|-
|34 || 1E || uvis
|14 || E || is ||34 || 1E || uvis
|-
|-
|35 || 1F || uvox
|15 || F || ox ||35 || 1F || uvox
|-
|-
|36 || 1G || uvcic
|16 || G || cic ||36 || 1G || uvcic
|-
|-
|37 || 1H || uvtal
|17 || H || tal ||37 || 1H || uvtal
|-
|-
|38 || 1J || uvaf
|18 || J || af ||38 || 1J || uvaf
|-
|-
|39 || 1K || uvbona
|19 || K || bona ||39 || 1K || uvbona
|-
|-
|40 || 20 || ketuv
|20 || 10 || uv ||40 || 20 || ketuv
|}
|}


Revision as of 15:45, 18 November 2018

Haoli
Haoli
Pronunciation[[Help:IPA|ha.ɔ.li]]
Created byiancgil
Proto-Xawlih
  • Xawlih
    • Haoli
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Introduction

Haoli is the language spoken by the Haonai.

Phonology

Consonants

Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Post Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive Normal voiceless p /p/ t /t/ k /k/
voiced b /b/ d /d/ g /g/
Ejective voiceless pp /pʼ/ tt /tʼ/ kk /kʼ/
voiced dd /dʼ/ gg /gʼ/
Nasal m /m/ n /n/ nj /ɲ/ ng /ŋ/
Trill Normal r /r/
Aspirated rh /rʰ/
Fricative Normal voiceless f /f/ þ /θ/ s /s/ c /ʃ/ x /x/ h /h/
voiced ð /ð/ gh /ɣ/
Lengthened voiceless ff /fː/ ss /sː/
voiced vv /vː/
Aspirated vh /vʰ/
Approximant j /j/
Lateral Approximant l /l/

Vowels

Front Back
Close short i /i/
long ii/ī /iː/
Open-Mid short e /ɛ/ u /œ/ o /ɔ/
long ee/ē /ɛː/ uu/ū /œː/ oo/ō /ɔː/
Open short a /a/
long aa/ā /aː/

Phonotactics

Orthography

Native Orthography

Morphology

Nouns

Haoli Nouns decline for case, gender, and number.

Gender

Gender in Haoli pertains to how the plural is formed as well as how it is declined. Haoli articles do have gender agreement with the constituent noun. Haoli has three genders: neuter, feminine, and masculine.

Plurals

Haoli plurals are formed by suffixes or ablaut.

Pronouns

Pronouns
Person
Singular Plural
First Person jan bet
Second Person si al
Third Person edi ede eda edic edec edac

Declension

Basic Cases

  • Nominative
  • Accusative
  • Dative
  • Malefactive
  • Adverbial
  • Vocative
  • Contrastive
  • Genitive

Oblique Cases

  • Translative
  • Exessive
  • Essive
  • Instrumental
  • Prolative

Locative Cases

Internal

  • Innesive
  • Hyperessive
  • Illative
  • Hyperlative
  • Elative
  • Hyper-elative
  • Supraperlative
  • Hyperlative
  • Perlative

Traversal

  • Lative
  • Superlative
  • Prosecutive
  • Terminative

Exodal

  • Ablative
  • Antessive
  • Delative
  • Eblative

Relational

  • Superessive
  • Supraessive
  • Comitative
  • Pertingent
  • Apudessive
  • Enclosive
  • Forbative
  • Locative
  • Bative
  • Transversive
  • Circumfrentive
  • Situative
  • Abessive
  • Intrative
  • Subessive

Temporal Cases

  • Temporal
  • Temporal-lative
  • Temporal-hyper-transversive
  • Temporal-terminative
  • Temporal-hyperbative

Articles

Articles
Gender Article Singular Plural
Neuter Definite von vono
Indefinite xon xono
Feminine Definite ven vene
Indefinite xen xene
Masculine Definite vun vunu
Indefinite xun xunu

Verbs

Haoli Verbs conjugate for tense and mood.

Negation

Haoli uses the circumposition ro VERB an.

Example:
The flower is not black.
Ro eiþi an asti veti.

Tense

  • Present
  • Imperfect
  • Future
  • Pluperfect

Mood

  • Indicative
  • Interrogative
  • Subjunctive
  • Conditional
  • Imperative
  • Jussive
  • Opative
  • Quotative

Pre-Affixal Clitic Conjunctions

  • aja – or
  • isjo - so
  • je – and
  • jia – for
  • jue – but
  • laja – nor
  • ajsi – than
  • ngo - that
  • bo - yet

Examples:
He listened and pondered.
Kroai je'ajatoe kasa.

Syntax

Word Order (Taturuc)

Modifier Order

The Basic Forms
Tatur English Translation Word Order
Vun Pituð Tatur The Elegant Form Preceding Modifier
Vun Rasuð Tatur The Common Form Proceeding Modifier

Sentence Order

Tatur English Translation Word Order
Vun Isatuð Tatur The Egocentric/Dominant/Impolite Form S-V-O
Vun Roisatuð Tatur The Non-Egocentric/Submissive/Polite Form O-V-S

Numbers

Haoliadh Maur (Haoli Numbers)
[0-20] [20-40]
Decimal Vigesimal Haoli Decimal Vigesimal Haoli
0 0 mitat 20 10 uv
1 1 edu 21 11 uvedu
2 2 ket 22 12 uvket
3 3 har 23 13 uvhar
4 4 neg 24 14 uvneg
5 5 ote 25 15 uvote
6 6 vat 26 16 uvvat
7 7 jet 27 17 uvjet
8 8 njol 28 18 uvnjol
9 9 reso 29 19 uvreso
10 A poi 30 1A uvpoi
11 B ofu 31 1B uvofu
12 C ver 32 1C uvver
13 D los 33 1D uvlos
14 E is 34 1E uvis
15 F ox 35 1F uvox
16 G cic 36 1G uvcic
17 H tal 37 1H uvtal
18 J af 38 1J uvaf
19 K bona 39 1K uvbona
20 10 uv 40 20 ketuv

Sample Texts

Lexicon

Haoli Lexicon

Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Haoli&oldid=135737"