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Rówok: Difference between revisions
→Wh- words
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! style="" |{{sc|who}} | ! style="" |{{sc|who}} | ||
| '''pwóso''' | | '''pwóso''' | ||
| '''pós''' | | '''pós/pás''' | ||
| '''pwúsu''' | | '''pwúsu''' | ||
| '''pús''' | | '''pús-/pés''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |{{sc|what}} | ! style="" |{{sc|what}} | ||
| '''pwóno''' | | '''pwóno''' | ||
| '''pón''' | | '''pón/pán''' | ||
| '''pwúnu''' | | '''pwúnu''' | ||
| '''pún''' | | '''pún/pén''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |{{sc|when}} | ! style="" |{{sc|when}} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
====Where, here, there==== | ====Where, here, there==== | ||
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|} | |} | ||
==== | ====Relativization==== | ||
There are 3 main strategies for relativization in Rówok, depending on whether the relative clause is 1) defining or 2) non-defining, or 3) if it's generic. | |||
#Defining relative clauses are formed by means of a [[#Participles|participial construction]] with the resumptive relativizer '''''dXž''''' (from root '''dyz-''', "do") agreeing in case, number, '''and vocalic phonetic structure''' with the relativized participle. It comes directly after the relativized participle for clauses containing just one word (1a), and introduces relative clauses for words with more than one word (1b). | |||
#Non-defining relative clauses are formed with the [[#True wh- words|short form of the wh- word]] in the appropriate case and aspect, and '''agreeing with the verb's vocalic structure''' if its subject (2a), otherwise '''with the vocalic structure of the nominal antecedent''' from the main clause (2b). | |||
#Generic relative clauses of the sort "Whosoever should do X..." are formed with a mix of the short form of the wh- word with a phonetically reduced verion of "dXž", namely '''''-Xğ''''' infixed between it and the case ending. | |||
1a) | |||
{{Gloss | |||
|phrase = mówok kík dáž áyta | |||
|IPA = | |||
| morphemes = mówok [yát dáž] káyk-a | |||
| gloss = dog.ERG [running.IMPERF REL.IMPERF] bark-3S.IMPERF | |||
| translation = the dog that is running is barking | |||
}} | |||
1b) | |||
{{Gloss | |||
|phrase = mówok dážnak ŧwómgod bazƚának ára káyka lunú | |||
|IPA = | |||
| morphemes = mówok [dáž-nak ŧ-wóm-god bazƚ-ának] ára káyk-a lunú | |||
| gloss = dog.ERG [REL-TEL INCL-we-INST pet.DIM.PART-TEL] NEG bark-3S.IMPERF NEG.RES | |||
| translation = the dog we are petting is not barking (the dog that is getting pet by us is not barking | |||
}} | |||
2a) | |||
{{Gloss | |||
|phrase = | |||
|IPA = | |||
| morphemes = | |||
| gloss = | |||
| translation = | |||
}} | |||
2b) | |||
{{Gloss | |||
|phrase = | |||
|IPA = | |||
| morphemes = | |||
| gloss = | |||
| translation = | |||
}} | |||
3) | |||
{{Gloss | |||
|phrase = | |||
|IPA = | |||
| morphemes = | |||
| gloss = | |||
| translation = | |||
}} | |||
<!-- | |||
{{Gloss | |||
|phrase = | |||
|IPA = | |||
| morphemes = | |||
| gloss = | |||
| translation = | |||
}} | |||
--> | |||
=====Reported speech===== | =====Reported speech===== | ||