Verse:Hmøøh/USB: Difference between revisions
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!colspan="2" rowspan="2" scope="col"|Generic | !colspan="2" rowspan="2" scope="col"|Generic | ||
!colspan="2" rowspan="2" scope="col"|Partitive | !colspan="2" rowspan="2" scope="col"|Partitive | ||
!colspan=" | !colspan="2" scope="col"|Singulative | ||
!colspan=" | !colspan="2" scope="col"|Plurative | ||
|- | |- | ||
!scope="row"| | !scope="row"|Indefinite | ||
|colspan="2" rowspan="2"|-Ø | |||
|colspan="2" rowspan="2"|''-ch'' | |||
|colspan="2"|''-s'' | |||
|colspan="2"|''-syr'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
!scope="row"| | !scope="row"|Definite | ||
|colspan="2"|''-so'' | |colspan="2"|''-so'' | ||
|colspan="2"|''-sno'' | |colspan="2"|''-sno'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!scope="row"|1sg | !scope="row"|1sg | ||
|colspan="2"|''-yn'' | |||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"|''-son'' | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
!scope="row"|2sg | !scope="row"|2sg | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!scope="row"|3sg.animate | !scope="row"|3sg.animate | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!scope="row"|3sg.inanimate | !scope="row"|3sg.inanimate | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!scope="row"|1ex | !scope="row"|1ex | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!scope="row"|1in | !scope="row"|1in | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!scope="row"|2pl | !scope="row"|2pl | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!scope="row"|3pl.animate | !scope="row"|3pl.animate | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!scope="row"|3pl.inanimate | !scope="row"|3pl.inanimate | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!scope="row"|Impersonal | !scope="row"|Impersonal | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
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|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Possession=== | |||
Possession is marked on the possessum with a possessive suffix ({{sc|possessum-suffix possessor}}) if and only if said possessum is definite. Indefinite possessa are unmarked. | |||
==Pronouns== | ==Pronouns== | ||
Revision as of 22:17, 1 December 2013
Tizian (amysso tízimso /aˈmʉsso tʰiˈzimso/)
Phonology
| Tizian consonants | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Coronal | Lateral | Velar | Radical | Glottal | |||
| Nasal | m m̥ | n n̥ | ||||||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | ʡ | |||
| voiced | b | d | g | |||||
| voiceless aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | |||||
| voiced aspirated | bʱ | dʱ | gʱ | |||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | θ s | ɬ | x | ħ | h | |
| voiced | v | ð z | ɮ | ɣ | ||||
| Affricate | plain | ts dz | tɬ dɮ | |||||
| aspirated | tsʰ dzʰ | tɬʰ dɮʱ | ||||||
| Approximant | w ʍ | j ɧ | ||||||
| Trill | r r̥ | ᴙ | ||||||
| Lateral app. | l | |||||||
Word-finally consonant aspiration is realized as aspirated or released consonants. Medial voiced aspirated consonants may be prenasalized in less careful speech.
Nouns
Four numbers are used in Tizian: generic, partitive, singulative and plurative. The generic number refers to an unspecified member or members of a set or to the whole set. The partitive number is used with quantifiers and also with the meaning "some X". Singulative and plurative respectively denote one and multiple specific items.
| Declension | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number→ | Generic | Partitive | Singulative | Plurative | ||||||||||||
| Indefinite | -Ø | -ch | -s | -syr | ||||||||||||
| Definite | -so | -sno | ||||||||||||||
| 1sg | -yn | -son | ||||||||||||||
| 2sg | ||||||||||||||||
| 3sg.animate | ||||||||||||||||
| 3sg.inanimate | ||||||||||||||||
| 1ex | ||||||||||||||||
| 1in | ||||||||||||||||
| 2pl | ||||||||||||||||
| 3pl.animate | ||||||||||||||||
| 3pl.inanimate | ||||||||||||||||
| Impersonal | ||||||||||||||||
Possession
Possession is marked on the possessum with a possessive suffix (possessum-suffix possessor) if and only if said possessum is definite. Indefinite possessa are unmarked.
Pronouns
The first person singular can be used as an impersonal pronoun.
- 1s: no
- 2s: i
- 3s.an: ðe
- 3s.inan: ŧé
- 1p.ex: cho
- 1p.in: wéen
- 2p: sló
- 3p.an: ðu
- 3p.inan: ŧú
Verbs
Split ergativity
The ergative particle le is used before an ergative noun phrase. The default alignment is ergative, with 1st and 2nd person arguments inducing nominative/accusative alignment on both nouns and verbs; only 1st and 2nd person patients can be passivized, and only 3rd person agents can be antipassivized.