Verse:Hmøøh/USB: Difference between revisions
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Four numbers are used in Tizian: generic, partitive, singulative and plurative. The generic number refers to an unspecified member or members of a set or to the whole set. The partitive number is used with quantifiers and also with the meaning "some X". Singulative and plurative respectively denote one and multiple specific items. | Four numbers are used in Tizian: generic, partitive, singulative and plurative. The generic number refers to an unspecified member or members of a set or to the whole set. The partitive number is used with quantifiers and also with the meaning "some X". Singulative and plurative respectively denote one and multiple specific items. | ||
{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: | {| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="17"| '''Declension''' | ! colspan="17"| '''Declension''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!scope="row"|Number→ | !scope="row"|Number→ | ||
!colspan | !colspan="2" scope="col"|Generic | ||
!colspan | !colspan="2" scope="col"|Partitive | ||
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Singulative | !colspan="2" scope="col"|Singulative | ||
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Plurative | !colspan="2" scope="col"|Plurative | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!scope="row"|1sg | !scope="row"|1sg | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
|- | |- | ||
Revision as of 22:21, 1 December 2013
Tizian (amysso tízimso /aˈmʉsso tʰiˈzimso/)
Phonology
| Tizian consonants | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Coronal | Lateral | Velar | Radical | Glottal | |||
| Nasal | m m̥ | n n̥ | ||||||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | ʡ | |||
| voiced | b | d | g | |||||
| voiceless aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | |||||
| voiced aspirated | bʱ | dʱ | gʱ | |||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | θ s | ɬ | x | ħ | h | |
| voiced | v | ð z | ɮ | ɣ | ||||
| Affricate | plain | ts dz | tɬ dɮ | |||||
| aspirated | tsʰ dzʰ | tɬʰ dɮʱ | ||||||
| Approximant | w ʍ | j ɧ | ||||||
| Trill | r r̥ | ᴙ | ||||||
| Lateral app. | l | |||||||
Word-finally consonant aspiration is realized as aspirated or released consonants. Medial voiced aspirated consonants may be prenasalized in less careful speech.
Nouns
Four numbers are used in Tizian: generic, partitive, singulative and plurative. The generic number refers to an unspecified member or members of a set or to the whole set. The partitive number is used with quantifiers and also with the meaning "some X". Singulative and plurative respectively denote one and multiple specific items.
| Declension | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number→ | Generic | Partitive | Singulative | Plurative | ||||||||||||
| Indefinite | -Ø | -ch | -s | -syr | ||||||||||||
| Definite | -so | -sno | ||||||||||||||
| 1sg | ||||||||||||||||
| 2sg | ||||||||||||||||
| 3sg.animate | ||||||||||||||||
| 3sg.inanimate | ||||||||||||||||
| 1ex | ||||||||||||||||
| 1in | ||||||||||||||||
| 2pl | ||||||||||||||||
| 3pl.animate | ||||||||||||||||
| 3pl.inanimate | ||||||||||||||||
| Impersonal | ||||||||||||||||
Possession
Possession is marked on the possessum with a possessive suffix (possessum-suffix possessor) if and only if said possessum is definite. Indefinite possessa are unmarked.
Pronouns
The first person singular can be used as an impersonal pronoun.
- 1s: no
- 2s: i
- 3s.an: ðe
- 3s.inan: ŧé
- 1p.ex: cho
- 1p.in: wéen
- 2p: sló
- 3p.an: ðu
- 3p.inan: ŧú
Verbs
Split ergativity
The ergative particle le is used before an ergative noun phrase. The default alignment is ergative, with 1st and 2nd person arguments inducing nominative/accusative alignment on both nouns and verbs; only 1st and 2nd person patients can be passivized, and only 3rd person agents can be antipassivized.