Azalic

h3donts > tonþ > PTTA to:þ (đuôt in the Vietnamese)

Phonology

Inspirations: Vietnamese, Armenian

m n bʰ dʰ gʰ gʷʰ p t k kʷ pʰ tʰ kʰ kʷʰ s x z l r j w

Vowels: e i o u ə a: e: i: u: ai au əi əɨ əu iəu iə uə

Reflexes:

• oi > uə
• iH > i:
• ei > əi, sometimes iə
• ē > a:
• e, i > e, i, e:
• uH > u:
• u > u (needs umlaut)
• ou > əɨ
• eu > əɨ (iəu in some words)
• o > o (needs umlaut)
• oH, eh2, eh3 > əu

h1oinos, dwoh1, treyes, kwetwores, penkwe, sweks, septm, oktōw, h₁néwn̥, deḱm -> xuən, təu, tʰriə~tʰre:, pʰoþur, phi:xw, seks, sefn, oxʰtəu, nəɨn, texn~te:n

Grammar

Nouns

Agglutinative?

Adjectives

Adjectives were uninflected, because they were split off from adjective-noun compounds.

Verbs

the pronouns are the usual English ones plus *swe

when the subject is nominal singular, "he", "she" or "it", the "swe" is required for verbal agreement

the 2sg and 3sg distal pronouns are number neutral so they don't need *swe

• Imperfective (the source of the English nonpast): e-grade or otherwise the unmarked form of the verb
• Perfective (the source of the English past): o-grade or -d from -tós
• Conjunctive (the source of the English progressive): active participle -ont- + -kʷe
• Passive participle: zero-grade with -n from -nós, or -d from -tós