Eadlan/Older draft/Netagic: Difference between revisions
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PId final *-a, *-i, *-u > PNtg *-æ/a, *-ɨ/ə, *-ɨ/ə -> Pre-Netagin *-ē, *-ë, *-ë > Old Netagin -i, -a, -a | PId final *-a, *-i, *-u > PNtg *-æ/a, *-ɨ/ə, *-ɨ/ə -> Pre-Netagin *-ē, *-ë, *-ë > Old Netagin -i, -a, -a | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
*Consonants: b d λ ǯ ʒ́ g p t ξ č ć k | *Consonants: b d λ ǯ ʒ́ g p t ξ č ć k s σ š ś m n ŋ l r w j | ||
*Vowels: i ị e ẹ a ạ ə ə̣ o ọ u ụ /i ɪ e ɛ æ a ɨ ɤ~ʌ o ɔ u ʊ/ (i a u ī ā ū -> e a u i o ɨ; modal/stød -> ATR/RTR like glottalization > uvularization in arabic) | *Vowels: i ị e ẹ a ạ ə ə̣ o ọ u ụ /i ɪ e ɛ æ a ɨ ɤ~ʌ o ɔ u ʊ/ (i a u ī ā ū -> e a u i o ɨ; modal/stød -> ATR/RTR like glottalization > uvularization in arabic) | ||
**PNtg: ɪ ɛ æ a ɔ ʊ > ONtg iə eə eə a oə uə | **PNtg: ɪ ɛ æ a ɔ ʊ > ONtg iə eə eə a oə uə | ||
*ATR/RTR harmony; ATR i e a ə o u vs RTR ị ẹ ạ ə̣ ọ ụ | *ATR/RTR harmony; ATR i e a ə o u vs RTR ị ẹ ạ ə̣ ọ ụ | ||
*Initial stress modulo prefixes | *Initial stress modulo prefixes | ||
q forces RTR harmony in roots and merges with k | |||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== |
Revision as of 20:09, 17 May 2020
The Netagic languages are a subbranch of the Idavic family that includes Netagin. They are inspired by Uralic.
PId final *-a, *-i, *-u > PNtg *-æ/a, *-ɨ/ə, *-ɨ/ə -> Pre-Netagin *-ē, *-ë, *-ë > Old Netagin -i, -a, -a
Phonology
- Consonants: b d λ ǯ ʒ́ g p t ξ č ć k s σ š ś m n ŋ l r w j
- Vowels: i ị e ẹ a ạ ə ə̣ o ọ u ụ /i ɪ e ɛ æ a ɨ ɤ~ʌ o ɔ u ʊ/ (i a u ī ā ū -> e a u i o ɨ; modal/stød -> ATR/RTR like glottalization > uvularization in arabic)
- PNtg: ɪ ɛ æ a ɔ ʊ > ONtg iə eə eə a oə uə
- ATR/RTR harmony; ATR i e a ə o u vs RTR ị ẹ ạ ə̣ ọ ụ
- Initial stress modulo prefixes
q forces RTR harmony in roots and merges with k
Morphology
Pronouns
Nouns
Netagic retains cases and the dual, but the abstract gender merges into the inanimate gender.
Cases
The dative merged with the accusative with inanimate nouns.
- nominative
- accusative
- genitive
ATR animates:
ATR inanimates:
|
RTR animates:
RTR inanimates:
|
Pronominal suffixes
Adjectives
Paradigms
Weak paradigm: (animate/inanimate; sg, du, pl)
- nom: ŋidæ/ŋidɨ, ŋidændæ/ŋidɨndæ, ŋidonɨ/ŋido
- gen: ŋide/ŋidæk, (nom du)=gid ŋidi/ŋidok
Strong paradigm (rare):
Verbs
Paradigms
Each verb has three principal parts: the imperative, the present tense stem, and the past tense stem.
TODO: use impersonal instead of passive
infinitive | aktə | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
action noun | akipə | |||||||||
active participle | akəška | |||||||||
passive participle | ukča | |||||||||
Tense | 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st du. | 2nd du. | 3rd du. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | impersonal |
imperative | - | akə | - | akabi | akənabi | - | akəka | akəna | - | - |
present | akəlli | akəddi | akək | akəkkabi | akənnabi | akəbi | akəkka | akənna | akəšum | akiłok |
recent past | ukili | ukidi | ukis | ukikabi | ukinabi | ukibi | ukika | ukina | ukim | ukiłas |
remote past | ukčali | ukčadi | ukčas | ukčakabi | ukčanabi | ukčabi | ukčaka | ukčana | ukčam | ukiłča |
future-irrealis | aktiłoli | aktiłodi | aktiłok | aktiłokabi | aktiłonabi | aktiłobi | aktiłoka | aktiłona | aktiłošum | aktiba |
infinitive | qẹdbị | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
action noun | qẹdbịpə̣ | |||||||||
active participle | qẹdbə̣škạ | |||||||||
passive participle | qẹdbịčạ | |||||||||
Tense | 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st du. | 2nd du. | 3rd du. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | impersonal |
imperative | - | qẹdbə̣ | - | qẹdbạbị | qẹdbə̣nạbị | - | qẹdbə̣kạ | qẹdbə̣nạ | - | - |
present | qẹdbə̣llị | qẹdbə̣ddị | qẹdbə̣k | qẹdbə̣kkạbị | qẹdbə̣nnạbị | qẹdbə̣bị | qẹdbə̣kkạ | qẹdbə̣nnạ | qẹdbə̣šụm | qẹdbịłọk |
recent past | qẹdbịlị | qẹdbịdị | qẹdbịs | qẹdbịkạbị | qẹdbịnạbị | qẹdbịbị | qẹdbịkạ | qẹdbịnạ | qẹdbịm | qẹdbịłạs |
remote past | qẹdbịčạlị | qẹdbịčạdị | qẹdbịčạs | qẹdbịčạkạbị | qẹdbịčạnạbị | qẹdbịčạbị | qẹdbịčạkạ | qẹdbịčạkạbị | qẹdbịčạm | qẹdbịłčạ |
future-irrealis | qẹdbịłọlị | qẹdbịłọdị | qẹdbịłọk | qẹdbịłọkạbị | qẹdbịłọnạbị | qẹdbịłọbị | qẹdbịłọkạ | qẹdbịłọnạ | qẹdbịłọšụm | qẹdbịbạ |
Prepositions
Derivation
Syntax
SOV with prepositions