Ašča

Modern Attic (Ασκη γλασατι Ašča glasať /aʃtʃa glasac/ 'the Attic language' or Aščať 'the Attic one') is a Hellenic language aesthetically inspired by Slavic languages and Romani.

It is spoken all over Eastern Europe in Verse:Unbegotten. It forms a continuum with Elicá which is spoken in Greece proper.

Todo

Ιατρέ, θεράπλευθι τσυχήσου Jatřé, ťherápľuthi cičhásu = Physician, heal thyself

Khierieť holy, onmatot mu jesť Inthar. Dza in Phieladielphji kie spudadza mathьmatčať.

Use a version of ruki (just "rui")

Homlia pi agapiať kie miesot. 'I speak of love and hate.'

Khierь! (2sg)/Khierieť! (2pl) = 'Hello!'

Jukharstia! = 'Thank you!'

Sioniamie = 'Sorry.'

Ar homlias in.../Ar homliať in... = 'Do you speak...'

Ukhomlia in atkat. = 'I don't speak Atkat.'

Agapawa sie. = 'I love you.'

Phonology (Φθογγολογια Phthongolodža)

Stress

Stress is free as in Modern Greek.

Intonation

Stolen from Russian

Morphology (Μορφολογια Morpholodža)

Different declensions from AG accent? -or < -ós, -0 < -os

Pronouns (Διαονυμε Žaonimie)

Personal (Προσαπκε διαονυμε Prosapče žaonimie)

case	1sg.	2sg.	3sg.		1pl.	2pl.	3pl.
			m.	f.			m.	f.
nom.	γα ga	συ si	κειν čin	κείνη čínia	ξαμ šam	ξατι šať	κείνοι číny	κείναι čine
gen.	μου mu	σου su	κείνου čínu	κείνηι čínie	ξαμώ šamó	ξατιώ šaťó	κείνω číno	κείνω číno
acc.	με mie	σε sie	τουτ tut	τούτη tútia	ξάμοτ šámot	ξάτετ šaťet	τούτοι túty	τούται túte

Nouns (Ουσιαστκοί Usiastký)

The definite suffixes come from a cliticized ἐκεῖνος 'that'.

Possessive suffixes are for the most part added directly to the noun. The resulting forms are implied to be definite.

• nom. sg.: μάχημου, μάχησου, μάχητου, μάχητει, μάχημω, μάχηξω, μάχητω máčhamu, máčhasu, máčhatu, máčhati, máčhamo, máčhašo, máčhato 'my war (nom), thy war (nom), ...'
• gen. sg.: máčhimu, máčhisu, etc.
• A -ρ -r on a stressed case ending is dropped, but turns to -σ -s before suffixes beginning with τ-. For example: ιατρόρ jatrór = a doctor; ιατρόμου jatrómu = my doctor; ιατρόστου jatróstu 'his doctor'.

Possession by nouns must be double-marked. The possessed noun must take the gender-appropriate possessive suffix. (This is a result of reanalysis of the older genitive definite article του, της, των between the noun and the possessor as a possessive affix.)

• ιατρόστου Ιάνιου jatróstu Jaňu 'John's doctor'
• ιατρόστει Αγάθηι jatrósti Agáťhe 'Agatha's doctor'
• ιατρόστω αθλητώνω jatrósto athľatóno 'the athletes' doctor'

In case of third-from-last stress, the stress shifts to right before the possessive suffix when one is added:

• nom. sg.: ράλεγα ráľega 'throat' > ραλεγάμου raľegámu 'my throat'

Feminine declension

μάχη máčha - war
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	μάχη máčha	μάχηνι máčhaň	μάχηι máčhe	μάχηιν máčhen
Genitive	μάχει máčhi	μάχεινηι máčhiňe	μάχιω máčho	μάχιωνω máčhono

τσυχή cičhá - self
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	τσυχή cičhá	τσυχήνι cičháň	τσυχηί cičhé	τσυχηίν cičhén
Genitive	τσυχήρ cičhár	τσυχήνηι cičháňe	τσυχιώ cičhó	τσυχιώνω cičhóno

γλασα glasa - language
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	γλάσα glása	γλάσανι glasaň	γλάσαι glase	γλασαιν glasen
Genitive	γλάσοι glásy	γλάσοινηι glasyňe	γλάσω glaso	γλάσωνω glasono

πολιτεία poľtíja - state (polity)
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	πολιτεία poľtíja	πολιτείανι poľtíjaň	πολιτείαι poľtíje	πολιτείαιν poľtíjen
Genitive	πολιτείοι poľtíji	πολιτείοινηι poľtíjiňe	πολιτείω poľtíjo	πολιτείωνω poľtíjono

τρυγα třiga - wing
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	τρυγα třiga	τρυγανι třigaň	τρυγαι třige	τρυγαιν třigen
Genitive	τρυγοι třigy	τρυγοινηι třigyňe	τρυγω třigo	τρυγωνω třigono

Masculine o-declension

Ancient Greek neuters have merged into the masculine gender and most of them take the masculine o-declension.

Masculines that come from AG unaccented -ος or -ον nouns have a zero-marked nominative indefinite:

ώθραπ othrap - human
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	ώθραπ óthrap	ώθραπον óthrapon	ώθραποι óthrapy	ώθραποιν óthrapyn
Genitive	ωθράπου othrápu	ωθράπουνου othrápunu	ωθράπω othrápo	ωθράπωνω othrápono
Vocative	ώθραπε óthrapie		ώθραποι óthrapy

δαρ dar - gift
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	δαρ dar	δάρον dáron	δάροι dáry	δάροιν dáryn
Genitive	δάρου dáru	δάρουνου dárunu	δάρω daro	δάρωνω dárono
Vocative	δάρε dáře		δάροι dáry

-ορ nouns come from Ancient Greek -ός (accented) nouns.

ιατρόρ jatrór - doctor
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	ιατρόρ jatrór	ιατρόν jatrón	ιατροί jatrý	ιατροίν jatrýn
Genitive	ιατρού jatrú	ιατρούνου jatrúnu	ιατρώ jatró	ιατρώνω jatróno
Vocative	ιατρέ jatřé		ιατροί jatrý

Nouns in -ο come from AG second declension -όν:

τσηνό cianó - bird
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	τσηνό cianó	τσηνόν cianón	τσηνοί cianý	τσηνοίν cianýn
Genitive	τσηνού cianú	τσηνούνου cianúnu	τσηνώ cianó	τσηνώνω cianóno
Nominative	τσηνέ ciaňé		τσηνοί cianý

Masculine consonant declension

ωδρα odra - man
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	ώδρα ódra	ώδραν ódran	ώδορι ódoř	ώδρεν ódřen
Genitive	ώδορ ódor	ώδρονου ódronu	ώδρω ódro	ώδρωνω ódrono
Nominative	ώδρα ódra		ώδορι ódoř

Adjectives (Επιθητοι Jepthiaty)

1st/2nd declension (-os/-ē)

κοινόρ kynór 'common'
	Singular		Plural
	Masculine	Feminine	Masculine	Feminine
Nominative	κοινόρ kynór	κοινή kyniá	κοινοί kyný	κοινηί kynié
Genitive	κοινού kynú	κοινήρ kyniár	κοινώ kynó	κοινώ kynó

άγον ágon 'infertile'
	Singular		Plural
	Masculine	Feminine	Masculine	Feminine
Nominative	ágon	ágonia	ágony	ágonie
Genitive	agónu	agóni	agóno	agóno

-i adjectives

(adjectives from AG -ēs/-ēs/-es)

αήθει ajáthi 'immoral'
	Singular	Plural
	Common	Common
Nominative	αήθει ajáthi	αήθει ajáthi
Genitive	αήθου ajáthu	αήθω ajátho

-iár adjectives

(adjectives from AG -ḗs/-ḗs/-és)

ευγινήρ judžňár 'polite'
	Singular	Plural
	Common	Common
Nominative	ευγινήρ judžňár	ευγινείρ judžnír
Genitive	ευγινού judžnú	ευγινώ judžnó

Prepositions (Προθηισηι Proťhesie)

• na (gen.) = dative
• in (gen.) = in
• pro (acc.) = towards (a place)

Verbs (Ρήματοι Řámaty)

Verbs have a 2x2x2 active, passive x present, past x indicative, subjunctive structure. They have two principal parts: the present stem and the past stem. Many verbs take the suffix -k- in the past active tense, but some verbs do not.

Negative prefix: ου- u- (before a consonant other than h); ουκ- uk- or uč- (otherwise)

• παιδεύει pežúji = 3sg teaches; ουπαιδεύει upežúji = 3sg does not teach
• αγαπάει agapáji = 3sg loves; ουκαγαπάει ukagapáji = 3sg does not love
• εισάγει isádži = it imports; ουκειάγει učisádži = it does not import

Weak vowel verbs

Weak vowel-stem verbs are the most regular classes of verbs and have several subclasses:

1. -άναι -áne verbs (from -άειν contracting to -αν)
2. -είναι -íne verbs (from -έειν contracting to -ειν)
3. -úne verbs, with 2 subclasses:
   • -εύναι -júne verbs (from -εύειν)
   • -ούναι -úne verbs (from -όειν contracting to -ουν)

παιδεύναι pežúne 'to teach'

voice	tense	ga	si	ot/otia	šam	šať	oty/ote
active	present indicative	pežúwa	pežújir	pežúji	pežúm	pežúť	pežúš
	present subjunctive	pežújo	pežújar	pežuja	pežujam	pežujať	pežujaš
	past indicative	péžuka	péžukar	péžuč	pežúkam	pežúkať	pežúkaš
	past subjunctive	pežúkajo	pežúkajar	pežúkaja	pežúkajam	pežúkajať	pežúkajaš
	imperative	-	péžuj! pežúthi!	-	-	pežúť!	-
	infinitive	pežúne
	past infinitive	pežučéne
	participle	pežúwota, pežúra
passive	present indicative	pežúme	pežúre	pežúte	pežuwónta	pežúsť	pežúwote
	present subjunctive	pežúwimo	pežúwiro	pežúwito	pežuwíntha	pežúwisť	pežuwíjoto
	past indicative	péžuťha	péžuťhast	pežúťhač	pežúťham	pežúťhať	pežúťhaš
	past subjunctive	pežúťhejo	pežúťhejast	pežúťheja	pežúťhejam	pežúťhejať	pežúťhejaš
	imperative	-	pežúre!	-	-	pežúsť!	-
	infinitive	pežústhe
	past infinitive	pežúťhane
	participle	pežúmien, pežúmňa

agapane 'to love'

voice	tense	ga	si	ot/otia	šam	šať	oty/ote
active	present indicative	agapawa	agapajir	agapaji	agapam	agapať	agapaš
	present subjunctive	agapajo	agapajar	agapaja	agapajam	agapajať	agapajaš
	past indicative	agapiaka	agapiakast	agapiač	agapiakam	agapiakať	agapiakaš
	past subjunctive	agapiakajo	agapiakajast	agapiakaja	agapiakajam	agapiakajať	agapiakajaš
	imperative	-	agapaj!	-	-	agapať!	-
	infinitive	agapane
	past infinitive	agapiačne
	participle	agapawota, agapara
passive	present indicative	agapame	agapare	agapate	agapanta	agapasť	agapawote
	present subjunctive	agapawime	agapawire	agapawite	agapawintha	agapawisť	agapawijote
	past indicative	agapieťha	agapieťhast	agapieťhač	agapieťham	agapieťhať	agapieťhaš
	past subjunctive	agapieťhejo	agapieťhejast	agapieťheja	agapieťhejam	agapieťhejať	agapieťhejaš
	imperative	-	agapare!	-	-	agapasť!	-
	infinitive	agapasthe
	past infinitive	agapieťhane
	participle	agapamien, agapamnia

Weak consonant verbs

ξευρσκειναι šurščine 'to find'

• Pres. act. ind.: ξευρσκα, ξευρσκειρ, ξευρσκει, ξευρσκομ, ξευρσκετι, ξευρσκουξ šurška, šurščir, šuršči, šurškom, šurščeť, šurškuš
• Pres. act. subj.: ξευρσκιω, ξευρσκηρ, ξευρσκη, ξευρσκημ, ξευρσκητι, ξευρσκηξ šurščo, šurščar, šuršča, šurščam, šurščať, šurščaš
• Past act.: ξευρηκα, ξευρηκαστ, ξευρηικι, ξευρηκαμ, ξευρηκατι, ξευρηκαξ šuřaka, šuřakast, šuřeč, šuřakam, šuřakať, šuřakaš
• Past act. subj.: ξευρηκαϊω, ξευρηκαϊηστ, ξευρηκαϊη... šuřakajo, šuřakajast, šuřakaja, šuřakajam, šuřakajať, šuřakajaš
• Pres. pass. ind.: ξευρσκμαι, ξευρσκεραι, ξευρσκεται, ξευρσκονθα, ξευρσκεστι, ξευρσκωται šurškme, šurščere, šurščete, šurškontha, šurščesť, šurškote
• Pres. pass. subj.: ξευρσκοιμαι, ξευρσκοιραι, ξευρσκοιται, ξευρσκοινθα, ξευρσκοιστι, ξευρσκοιωται šurškyme, šurškyre, šurškyte, šurškyntha, šurškysť, šurškyjote
• Past pass. ind.: šuriaťho, šuriaťhast, šuriaťhač, šuriaťham, šuriaťhať, šuriaťhaš
• Past pass. subj.: šuriaťhajo, šuriaťhajast, šuriaťhaja, šuriaťhajam, šuriaťhajať, šuriaťhajaš
• Active participle: šurškota, šurškura (m/f)
• Passive participle: šurškomien, šurškomňa (m/f)

Irregular verbs

είναι ine 'to be'

• Infinitive: είναι ine
• Present: ειμ, ειρ, στει, σμε, στε, ειξ im, ir, sti, smie, sťe, iš
  • Negative forms: ούκειμ, ούκειρ, ούξτι, ουξμέ, ουξτέ, ούκειξ účim, účir, úšť, ušmié, ušťé, účiš
• Subjunctive: είω, είηρ, είη, είημ, είητι, είηξ íjo, íjar, íja, íjam, íjať, íjaš
• Past: ήκα, ήκαστ, ηκι, ήκαμ, ήκατι, ήκαξ jáka, jákast, jač, jákam, jákať, jákaš
• Participle: είωτα, είουρα íjota, íjura

Numerals (Αριθμοί Ařthmý)

• 1, ..., 10: šir/mňa/šen, žo, třir/tříja, ťésier, piéťe, šeš, šépta, ókta, jéňa, ďéka
• 11, ..., 19: šédka, žódka, třídka, ťésradka, piétadka, šéšadka, šéptadka, óktadka, jéňadka, íkoř
• 21, ..., 29: íkoř šen, íkoř žo, íkoř tříja, ... íkoř jéňa
• 30, ..., 100: třáta, saróta, pieňéta, šešéta, šemiéta, októta, jeňéta, šekató

Syntax (Siotachia)

'To have'

Jest na mu mial.

be.3SG.PRES to/for 1SG.GEN apple

I have an apple.

Conjunctions

• jo = if