Verse:Irta/Judajsr

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Verse:

Irta/Judajsr

• Irta/Judajsr/Lexicon

Verse talk:

Izeweg (אַן יעס אידעוועק [an jes i'zeweg] 'the Jewish language', more archaically [i'ðeweg]), historically Judeo-Galatian, is the traditional Northern European Jewish ("Tsarfati") vernacular in Irta. It is the second most spoken Celtic language and the most spoken Jewish language in-universe. It's (essentially) a Brythonic Celtic language and a descendant of Old Galoyseg. It's a possible answer to the question "What would a Jewish Celtic language look like?"

In-universe English name?

PIE ē becomes tzere (merging with Proto-Brythonic *ė), PIE ei becones /oj/

Writing

Vowels

/a aj e ej i o oj u uj ɨ aw ew iw ow/ אַ אַי ע עי אי אָ אָי אוֹ אוֹי אוּ אַוו עוו איוו אָוו a ai e ei i o oi w wi u aw ew iw ow

Consonants

Default native spelling

כּ ק כ ג נק נכּ = c g ch gh ng ngh

תּ ט ת ד נ נתּ = t d th dh n nh

פּ בּ פ ב מ מפּ = p b f v m mh

י ר ל לּ וו ס ש ה א = y r l ll w s š h (null)

Mutations

The new consonant is prefixed in front of the mutated word with a hyphen: אַנאַ נתּ-תּוֹרה ana nhTuro 'in the Torah'.

Hebrew reading

Izeweg has no vowel reduction in Hebrew and Aramaic loans, unlike Yiddish. Stress is just shifted to penultimate (as in native Izeweg).

/2 b v g γ d δ h w z H T j k x l m n s 3 p f S q r š t θ/ = [(none)~2 p= v g x t= δ~z h w δ~z h t= j kh x l m n s (none)~2 ph f ts= k= r š th s]

TibH /i e E a O o u ŠN HP HS HQ/ = [i ej~aj e a o u ɨ a a e o]

L dagesh > Welsh ll. Some pronounce sin as ll.

Mutations

Same as in Welsh but

• g post vocalically mutates to c'h
• no m > v
• ll but no rh
• t spirant mutates to s

Grammar

More analytic than Colloquial Welsh, while Galoyseg is basically Cornish or Literary Welsh

Nouns

Indef article אין, def article אַן (> אים and אַם before /p b f m v/), feminine singular article triggers soft mutation

default native pl אָוו

(יעס > יעסאָוו) 'language'

sometimes עד

(ריען > ריענעד) 'woman'

Prepositions

"in" combining form with def article is אַנאָ ano (< *yno yn; triggers nasal mutation) or אַנאָן anon (before a vowel), otherwise it's מעוון (even when the noun is semantically definite)

*am also changes for indefinites to קעלך (~ cylch), def article is אַמאָ(ן) amo(n) (formed with analogy to anon)

Verbs

Default verber is -יאָ like in Welsh (influenced by Hebrew feminine marker)