Plevian: Difference between revisions
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===Orthography=== | ===Orthography=== | ||
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center" | |||
|+ Plevian orthography | |||
|- | |||
! Grapheme !! Environment !! IPA !! Remarks | |||
|- | |||
| a || all || {{IPA|a}} || | |||
|- | |||
| b || all || {{IPA|b}} || May be pronounced {{IPA|[β]}} between vowels | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="2"| c || before ⟨e⟩, ⟨y⟩, or vocalic ⟨i⟩ || || | |||
|- | |||
| before ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, or ⟨u⟩; before a consonant; word-finally || || | |||
|- | |||
| ch || before ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, or ⟨y⟩ || || | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="2"| ci || before ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, or ⟨u⟩ || || | |||
|- | |||
| otherwise || || | |||
|- | |||
| cj || before a consonant; word-finally || || | |||
|- | |||
| d || all || || | |||
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| dz | |||
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| e | |||
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| f | |||
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| rowspan="2"| g || before ⟨e⟩, ⟨y⟩, or vocalic ⟨i⟩ || || | |||
|- | |||
| before ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, or ⟨u⟩; before a consonant; word-finally || || | |||
|- | |||
| gh || before ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, or ⟨y⟩ || || | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="2"| gi || before ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, or ⟨u⟩ || || | |||
|- | |||
| otherwise || || | |||
|- | |||
| gj || before a consonant; word-finally || || | |||
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| h | |||
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| i | |||
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| j | |||
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| k | |||
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| l | |||
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| li | |||
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| m | |||
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| n | |||
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| o | |||
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| p | |||
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| qu | |||
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| r | |||
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| s | |||
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| t | |||
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| u | |||
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| v | |||
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| w | |||
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| x | |||
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| y | |||
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| z | |||
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===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |
Revision as of 16:40, 20 January 2023
Plevian (native: pleviano, sa dengua pleviana) is an Italic language descended from Old Latin.
Plevian | |
---|---|
sa dengua pleviana | |
Pronunciation | [sa ˈdeŋɡwa pleˈvjana] |
Created by | Shariifka |
Indo-European
| |
Early forms | Old Latin
|
Introduction
Phonology
Orthography
Grapheme | Environment | IPA | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
a | all | a | |
b | all | b | May be pronounced [β] between vowels |
c | before ⟨e⟩, ⟨y⟩, or vocalic ⟨i⟩ | ||
before ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, or ⟨u⟩; before a consonant; word-finally | |||
ch | before ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, or ⟨y⟩ | ||
ci | before ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, or ⟨u⟩ | ||
otherwise | |||
cj | before a consonant; word-finally | ||
d | all | ||
dz | |||
e | |||
f | |||
g | before ⟨e⟩, ⟨y⟩, or vocalic ⟨i⟩ | ||
before ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, or ⟨u⟩; before a consonant; word-finally | |||
gh | before ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, or ⟨y⟩ | ||
gi | before ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩, or ⟨u⟩ | ||
otherwise | |||
gj | before a consonant; word-finally | ||
h | |||
i | |||
j | |||
k | |||
l | |||
li | |||
m | |||
n | |||
o | |||
p | |||
qu | |||
r | |||
s | |||
t | |||
u | |||
v | |||
w | |||
x | |||
y | |||
z | |||
Consonants
Labial | Alveolar | Postalveolar/ Palatal |
Velar/ Guttural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | (ŋ) | |
Stop | voiceless | p | t | k | |
voiced | b | d | ɡ | ||
Affricate | voiceless | ts | tʃ | ||
voiced | dz | dʒ | |||
Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ʃ | χ |
voiced | v | (z) | (ʒ) | ||
Approximant | j | w | |||
Lateral | l | ʎ | |||
Trill | r |
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i | u | |
Mid | e | o | |
Open | a |
In addition to the monopthongs above, the following diphthongs are possible:
- Rising: ia, ie, io, iu, ua, ue, uo, ui
- Falling: ai, ei, oi, au, eu, ou
The most common diphthongs are ia, ua, ue, and io. Additionally, ui is common after /k/ and /ɡ/. The remaining diphthongs are rare.
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns
Nouns may be masculine or feminine.
Nouns are pluralized in -x. After a consonant, this ending becomes -ex.
Adjectives
Adjectives agree with the noun they govern in gender and number.
Adjectives whose masculine forms end in -o are feminized in -a. Otherwise, the masculine and feminine forms are identical.
Like nouns, adjectives are pluralized in -(e)x.
Pronouns
Personal pronouns
Person/ Number | Subject | Object | Possessive | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Weak | Strong | |||
1S | mu | me | mo | miaxxo |
2S | tu | te | to | tiaxxo |
3SM | gio | gio | gio | giuaxxo |
3SF | gia | gia | gia | giaxxo |
3R | su | se | so | siaxxo |
1P | nox | nox | nox | nuastro |
2P | gox | gox | gox | guastro |
3PM | giox | giox | giox | goro |
3PF | giax | giax | giax | giaro |