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Prime Pidgin of Antarctica (PPA): Difference between revisions

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Prime Pidgin of Antarctica (PPA) (view source)

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=== Classification ===
=== Classification ===


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=== Linguistic history of Antarctica ===


==== Languages of Antarctica ====


First Generations: 2000-2050


Various 21st century languages of Antarctica (2000-2050 †)|state1=dashed
Various 21st century languages of Antarctica (2000-2050 †)
Basic English (2000-2150 †)
Basic English (2000-2150 †)
Residual Spanish (2000-2150 †)
Residual Spanish (2000-2150 †)
Residual Russian (2000-2150 †)
Residual Russian (2000-2150 †)
Early PPA (2050-2150 †)
Late PPA (2150-2250 †)
Standard PPA (2250 †)


Early PPA (2050-2150) Late PPA (-)
As most of its lexicon comes from the Indo-European languages, it can be said to be part of this family; in many respects it can be said to be an English-based pidgin, although it has quite a lot of foreign vocabulary and the grammatical base is un-English.




Origin of lexicon: The data on the languages of origin of the words are based on the official and most spoken languages of the countries with scientific and military stations and bases in Antarctica between 2010 and 2020. For a while there was speculation that the 10 most spoken languages in the world at that time might have contributed a small addition of words, but this hypothesis was later discarded.
{| class="wiki-table"
!Language
!Words
|-
| English
|467
|-
|Spanish
|248
|-
|Russian
|105
|-
|French
|32
|-
|Korean
|30
|-
|Japanese
|29
|-
|Chinese
|28
|-
| Italian
|23
|-
|German
|18
|-
|Hindi
|17
|-
|Portuguese
|15
|-
|Dutch
|14
|-
|Norwegian
|10
|-
|Polish
|10
|-
|Ukrainian
|5
|-
|Afrikaans
|4
|-
|Xhosa
|4
|-
|Zulu
|4
|-
|Swedish
|4
|-
|Finnish
|3
|-
|Czech
|2
|-
|Romanian
|2
|-
|Bulgarian
|2
|}
It is assumed that most words retained their original pronunciation, spelling and meaning in the early pidgin phase, although this changed later. See: Proto-Antarctic


Classification, Dialects and Proto-Antarctic
Origin of vocabulary: Below is the list of words derived from each source language. The evolution of each of the pronunciations for the first phase (early PPA) and second phase (late PPA) of pidgin can be seen.
As most of its lexicon comes from the Indo-European languages, it can be said to be part of this family; in many respects it can be said to be an English-based pidgin, although it has quite a lot of foreign vocabulary and the grammatical base is un-English.


Like all languages it has dialects, but in the pidgin phase these small variations depend on the origin of the speakers, as each speaks his own language, pidgin emerges as a simple language of commerce.


Once the pidgin was creolized, the speakers were divided into three dialects or three stratified groups: nuclear, central and peripheral.
==== Prime Pidgin of Antarctica ====


* Group A: nuclear PPA (descendant of late PPA).
Like all languages it has dialects, but in the pidgin phase these small variations depend on the origin of the speakers, as each speaks his own language, pidgin emerges as a simple language of commerce. Once the pidgin was creolized, the speakers were divided into three dialects or three stratified groups: Nuclear (A), Central (B) and Peripheral (C).
* Group B: Central PPA (indistinct mixture of groups A and B).
* Group C: peripheral PPA (descendant of early PPA).
 
'''proto-Antarctican''' descends from a realignment of the Antarctic sociolinguistic system that occurred around 2250. proto-Antarctican emerged as a Creole of Creoles, presumably descended from Central PPA. During this reorganization, words and meanings were reclassified, giving rise to cultured words derived from the early PPA and vulgar words derived from the late PPA.


* Group A: nuclear PPA (descendant of late PPA). Late PPA (2150-2250 †)
* Group B: Central PPA (indistinct mixture of groups A and B). Standard PPA (2250 †)
* Group C: peripheral PPA (descendant of early PPA). Early PPA (2050-2150 †)


==== Proto-Antarctic ====


'''Proto-Antarctic''' descends from a realignment of the Antarctic sociolinguistic system that occurred around 2250. Proto-Antarctic emerged as a creole of creoles, presumably descended from Central PPA. During this reorganization, words and meanings were reclassified, giving rise to cultured words derived from the Early PPA and vulgar words derived from the Late PPA.


== Phonology ==
== Phonology ==
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==Lexicon==
==Lexicon==
===Origin of lexicon===
The data on the languages of origin of the words are based on the official and most spoken languages of the countries with scientific and military stations and bases in Antarctica between 2010 and 2020. For a while there was speculation that the 10 most spoken languages in the world at that time might have contributed a small addition of words, but this hypothesis was later discarded.
{| class="wiki-table"
!Language
!Words
|-
| English
|467
|-
|Spanish
|248
|-
|Russian
|105
|-
|French
|32
|-
|Korean
|30
|-
|Japanese
|29
|-
|Chinese
|28
|-
| Italian
|23
|-
|German
|18
|-
|Hindi
|17
|-
|Portuguese
|15
|-
|Dutch
|14
|-
|Norwegian
|10
|-
|Polish
|10
|-
|Ukrainian
|5
|-
|Afrikaans
|4
|-
|Xhosa
|4
|-
|Zulu
|4
|-
|Swedish
|4
|-
|Finnish
|3
|-
|Czech
|2
|-
|Romanian
|2
|-
|Bulgarian
|2
|}
It is assumed that most words retained their original pronunciation, spelling and meaning in the early pidgin phase, although this changed later. See: Proto-Antarctic
===Origin of vocabulary ===
Below is the list of words derived from each source language. The evolution of each of the pronunciations for the first phase (early PPA) and second phase (late PPA) of pidgin can be seen.


===Simplified scheme and evolution of early PPA and late PPA===
===Simplified scheme and evolution of early PPA and late PPA===
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