Talk:Ranic languages: Difference between revisions

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{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="4" | ''jętén'' 'give'
! colspan="4" | ''jęcén'' 'give'
|-
|-
! colspan="4" | Infinitive/Verbal noun
! colspan="4" | Infinitive/Verbal noun
|-
|-
| colspan="4" | ''tnec''  
| colspan="4" | ''cnec''  
|-
|-
! colspan="4" | Present participle
! colspan="4" | Present participle
|-
|-
| colspan="4" | ''naten''  
| colspan="4" | ''nacen''  
|-
|-
! colspan="4" | Stative passive participle
! colspan="4" | Stative passive participle
|-
|-
| colspan="4" | ''notyn''  
| colspan="4" | ''nocyn''  
|-
|-
! colspan="4" | Past participle
! colspan="4" | Past participle
|-
|-
| colspan="4" | ''noton''  
| colspan="4" | ''nocon''  
|-
|-
! colspan="4" | Imperative
! colspan="4" | Imperative
Line 138: Line 138:
|-
|-
! 2.m
! 2.m
| ''ten!''  
| ''cen!''  
|rowspan="2"| ''tna!'' || ''tny!''
|rowspan="2"| ''cna!'' || ''cny!''
|-
|-
! 2.f
! 2.f
| ''tni!'' || ''tenno!''
| ''cni!'' || ''cenno!''
|-
|-
! colspan="4" | Subjunctive
! colspan="4" | Subjunctive
Line 149: Line 149:
|-
|-
! 1
! 1
| ''nǫten'' || ''nǫtna'' || ''nǫtny''
| ''nǫcen'' || ''nǫcna'' || ''nǫcny''
|-
|-
! 2.m
! 2.m
| ''tǫten''
| ''tǫcen''
|rowspan="2"| ''tǫtna'' || ''tǫtny''
|rowspan="2"| ''tǫcna'' || ''tǫcny''
|-
|-
! 2.f
! 2.f
| ''tǫtni'' || ''tǫtenno''
| ''tǫcni'' || ''tǫcenno''
|-
|-
! 3.m
! 3.m
| ''jęten''
| ''jęcen''
|rowspan="2"| ''jętna'' || ''jętny''
|rowspan="2"| ''jęcna'' || ''jęcny''
|-  
|-  
! 3.f
! 3.f
| ''jętni'' || ''jętenno''  
| ''jęcni'' || ''jęcenno''  
|-
|-
! colspan="4" | Preterite
! colspan="4" | Preterite
Line 170: Line 170:
|-
|-
! 1
! 1
| ''nǫtén'' || ''nǫténa'' || ''nǫtény''
| ''nǫcén'' || ''nǫcéna'' || ''nǫcény''
|-
|-
! 2.m
! 2.m
| ''tǫtén''
| ''tǫcén''
|rowspan="2"| ''tǫténa'' || ''tǫtény''
|rowspan="2"| ''tǫcéna'' || ''tǫcény''
|-
|-
! 2.f
! 2.f
| ''tǫténi'' || ''tǫténno''
| ''tǫcéni'' || ''tǫcénno''
|-
|-
! 3.m
! 3.m
| ''jętén''
| ''jęcén''
|rowspan="2"| ''jęténa'' || ''jętény''
|rowspan="2"| ''jęcéna'' || ''jęcény''
|-  
|-  
! 3.f
! 3.f
| ''jęténi'' || ''jęténno''  
| ''jęcéni'' || ''jęcénno''  
|}
|}


Revision as of 01:00, 7 April 2015

G-stems: joktol

Regular (strong) paradigm

kotlec, ktol, joktol, kotol, katel 'kill'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
kotlec
Participle
katel
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ktol! ktola! ktoly!
2.f ktoli! ktolno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 noktol noktla noktly
2.m toktol toktla toktly
2.f toktli toktolno
3.m joktol joktla joktly
3.f joktli joktolno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 kotolok kotolna kotolny
2.m kotolot kotoltma kotoltmy
2.f kotoloc kotoltna
3.m kotol kotola kotoly
3.f kotola kotolota kotolno

Weak paradigm: I-*ʔ

NB. Look at what happens before the second radical.

ocíc, ci, jóci, ocě, ací 'come'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
ocíc
Participle
ací
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ci! cě! cý!
2.f cí! cino!
Preterite
Singular Dual Plural
1 nóci nócě nócý
2.m tóci tócě tócý
2.f tócí tócino
3.m jóci jócě jócý
3.f jócí jócino

Weak paradigm: I-*m/n

jęcén 'give'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
cnec
Present participle
nacen
Stative passive participle
nocyn
Past participle
nocon
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m cen! cna! cny!
2.f cni! cenno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nǫcen nǫcna nǫcny
2.m tǫcen tǫcna tǫcny
2.f tǫcni tǫcenno
3.m jęcen jęcna jęcny
3.f jęcni jęcenno
Preterite
Singular Dual Plural
1 nǫcén nǫcéna nǫcény
2.m tǫcén tǫcéna tǫcény
2.f tǫcéni tǫcénno
3.m jęcén jęcéna jęcény
3.f jęcéni jęcénno

Weak paradigm: I-*w

voldec, led, juled, volod, valed 'beget, mother/father'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
voldec
Participle
valed
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m led! leda! ledy!
2.f ledi! ledno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nuled nuleda nuledy
2.m tuled tuleda tuledy
2.f tuledi tuledno
3.m juled juleda juledy
3.f juledi juledno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 volodok volodna volodny
2.m volodot volótma volótmy
2.f volodoc volótno
3.m volod voloda volody
3.f voloda volodota volodno

Hollow-Y

Hollow-W

Weak paradigm: III-*ʔ

NB. Look at what happens after the second radical

boróc, bró, jobró, boró, barí 'create, cause'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
boróc
Participle
barí
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m bró! brova! brovy!
2.f broji! bróno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nobró nobrova nobrovy
2.m tobró tobrova tobrovy
2.f tobroji tobróno
3.m jobró jobrova jobrovy
3.f jobroji jobróno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 borók boróna boróny
2.m borót borótma borótmy
2.f boróc borótno
3.m boró borova borovy
3.f borova borovota boróno


šonovec, šní, jošní, šoní, šaní 'be angry at, resent'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
šonovec
Participle
šaní
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m šní! šně! šnevy!
2.f šní! šníno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 ošní nošně nošní
2.m tošní tošně tošnevy
2.f tošní tošníno
3.m jošní jošně jošnevy
3.f jošní jošníno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 šoník šonína šoníny
2.m šonít šonítma šonítmy
2.f šoníc šonítno
3.m šoní šoneja šoneje
3.f šoneja šonejota šoníno

Weak paradigm: III-*j

socíc, sec, josci, socěj, sací 'drink'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
socíc
Present participle
sací
Past participle
socěj
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m sec! scija! scý!
2.f scí! scino!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 oscej nosceja noscej
2.m toscej tosceja tosceje
2.f toscí toscino
3.m joscej josceja josceje
3.f joscí joscino
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 osci noscija nosci
2.m tosci toscija toscý
2.f toscí toscino
3.m josci joscija joscý
3.f joscí joscino

Weak paradigm: III-*w

monýc, mny, jomny, monu, manev 'count'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
monýc
Participle
manev
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m mny! mnova! mnovy!
2.f mnovi! mnyno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nomny nomnova nomnovy
2.m tomny tomnova tomnovy
2.f tomnovi tomnyno
3.m jomny jomnova jomnovy
3.f jomnovi jomnyno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 monúk monuna monuny
2.m monút monútma monútmy
2.f monúc monútno
3.m monu monova monovy
3.f monova monovota monuno

Weak paradigm: III-*ʕ

smoqec, sma, josma, soma, samea 'hear'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
smoqec
Participle
samea, sameq-
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m sma! smaqa! smaqy!
2.f smaqi! smaqno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nosma nosmaqa nosmaqy
2.m tosma tosmaqa tosmaqy
2.f tosmaqi tosmaqno
3.m josma josmaqa josmaqy
3.f josmaqi josmaqno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 somoqok somoqna somoqny
2.m somoqot somoqtma somoqtmy
2.f somoqoc somoqtno
3.m soma somoqa somoqy
3.f somoqa somoqota somoqna

Irregular: ráj 'see'

rájec, ri, jóri, ráj, rěj 'see'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
rájec
Present Participle
rěj
Past Participle
ráj
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m re! rija! rý!
2.f rí! reno!
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 nóri nórě nórý
2.m tóri tórě tórý
2.f tórí tórino
3.m jóri jórě jórý
3.f jórí jórino

N-stems: jǫkotyl

Regular (strong) paradigm

noktylec, ǫkotyl, jǫkotyl, noktyl, mǫkotyl 'be killed'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
noktylec
Participle
mǫkotyl
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ǫkotyl! ǫkotyla! ǫkotyly!
2.f ǫkotyli! ǫkotylno!
Present
Singular Dual Plural
1 nǫkotyl nǫkotyla nǫkotyly
2.m tǫkotyl tǫkotyla tǫkotyly
2.f tǫkotyli tǫkotylno
3.m jǫkotyl jǫkotyla jǫkotyly
3.f jǫkotyli jǫkotylno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 noktylok noktylna noktylny
2.m noktylot noktyltma noktyltmy
2.f noktyloc noktyltna
3.m noktyl noktyla noktyly
3.f noktyla noktylota noktylno

Weak paradigm: I-*w

nulydec, ǫvolyd, jǫvolyd, nulyd, mǫvolyd 'be born'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
nulydec
Participle
mǫvolyd
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ǫvolyd! ǫvolyda! ledy!
2.f ǫvolydi! ǫvolydno!
Present
Singular Dual Plural
1 nǫvolyd nǫvolyda nǫvolydy
2.m tǫvolyd tǫvolyda tǫvolydy
2.f tǫvolydi tǫvolydno
3.m jǫvolyd jǫvolyda jǫvolydy
3.f jǫvolydi jǫvolydno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 nulydok nulydna nulydny
2.m nulydot nulýtma nulýtmy
2.f nulydoc nulýtno
3.m nulyd nulyda nulydy
3.f nulyda nulydota nulydno


I-nasal

I-nasal roots trigger compensatory lengthening in combination with the ę- allomorph of the passive prefix because of the geminate *-mm-, *-nn- that resulted.

  • nǫ- instead of *non-
  • é- instead of ę-
  • nó-, tó-, jé- instead of nǫ-, tǫ-, ję-

D-stems: jokótel

ND-stems: jǫkótel

t-stems: ktotel

Št-stems: jostoktol

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