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Dialects of Rokadong: Difference between revisions
→Disyllabic reduction
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===Disyllabic reduction=== | ===Disyllabic reduction=== | ||
Dialects with this sound change are characterized by removing the vowel of the sequence /CVCV/ for at least one consonant. This usually requires that the two consonants differ in only voicing, though the second consonant has to be voiceless if they do differ in voicing. Generally, the two vowels have to also be the same, though /a/ from historic /ə/ can also be the first vowel. | Dialects with this sound change are characterized by removing the vowel of the sequence /CVCV/ for at least one consonant. This usually requires that the two consonants differ in only voicing, though the second consonant has to be voiceless if they do differ in voicing - that is, ''{{term|ruvafukar}}'' will simplify from /ˌɾuvafuˈkaɾ/ to /ˈɾufːukaɾ/, but ''{{nakagara}}'' does not simplify from /ˈnakagaɾa/. Generally, the two vowels have to also be the same, though /a/ from or pronounced like historic /ə/ can also be the first vowel, as seen in the ''ruvafukar'' example. Note that generally this cluster is not reduced at the beginning of a word, though in some dialects the first V is instead epenthesized with the first C. Either way, the result is a geminate consonant /(V)CːV/. | ||
However, Lerabteláh is unique in three ways: | However, Lerabteláh is unique in three ways: | ||
* /u/ can also allow disyllabic reduction for velar C and any V, not just /u/. | * /u/ can also allow disyllabic reduction for velar C and any V, not just /u/. | ||
* /k ʔ/ are considered the same phoneme for this sound change, turning any combination of those two consonants into [kː]. | * /k ʔ/ are considered the same phoneme for this sound change, turning any combination of those two consonants into [kː]. | ||
* /l ɾ/ are considered the same phoneme for this sound change, turning any combination of those two consonants into [r], much as with Pahang Rokadong /lɾ ɾl/. | * /l ɾ/ are considered the same phoneme for this sound change and, like Karroka, still can reduce them despite being voiced, turning any resulting combination of those two consonants into [r], much as with Pahang Rokadong /lɾ ɾl/. | ||
Disyllabic reduction is rarely written orthographically, though it can be specified using the coda glottal stop letter {{roka|'}}, which phonetically creates geminate plosives even in dialects without this sound change, in place of the first consonant and its diacritic. | Disyllabic reduction is rarely written orthographically, though it can be specified using the coda glottal stop letter {{roka|'}}, which phonetically creates geminate plosives even in dialects without this sound change, in place of the first consonant and its diacritic. | ||
Generally speaking, any of the voiceless plosives or fricatives except /h/ are valid targets for gemination. However, only one needs to be present for the dialect to be said to exhibit disyllabic reduction. This sound change can occasionally happen in dialects not said to exhibit disyllabic reduction due to talking speed and/or prosody - a dialect is said to have disyllabic reduction only if this sound change is applied for slow and/or careful speech. | |||
Interestingly, free variation ''tékuhasa'' dialects rarely apply both that sound change and disyllabic reduction on the same sequence - that is, [sː] is more common than [θː]. | Interestingly, free variation ''tékuhasa'' dialects rarely apply both that sound change and disyllabic reduction on the same sequence - that is, [sː] is more common than [θː]. | ||