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Saxuma: Difference between revisions
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* If stressed or directly preceding a stressed syllable, long vowels and diphthongs receive contour tones. For stressed vowels, this is a peaking contour of tone MHM, e.g. ''enâ'' [ɛ̀ˈna᷈ː] ("passion"). When directly preceding a stressed syllable, the long vowel bears a falling contour ML, e.g. ''mābá'' [mâːˈbá] ("various"). | * If stressed or directly preceding a stressed syllable, long vowels and diphthongs receive contour tones. For stressed vowels, this is a peaking contour of tone MHM, e.g. ''enâ'' [ɛ̀ˈna᷈ː] ("passion"). When directly preceding a stressed syllable, the long vowel bears a falling contour ML, e.g. ''mābá'' [mâːˈbá] ("various"). | ||
** When long vowels are pronounced as identical vowels in hiatus, each vowel carries its own tone. If stressed, they follow the pattern of HM. If preceding a stressed syllable, then ML. Using the examples above, ''enâ'' would be pronounced as [ɛ̀ˈnáˌa] and ''mābá'' as [ma.àˈbá]. | ** When long vowels are pronounced as identical vowels in hiatus, each vowel carries its own tone. If stressed, they follow the pattern of HM. If preceding a stressed syllable, then ML. Using the examples above, ''enâ'' would be pronounced as [ɛ̀ˈnáˌa] and ''mābá'' as [ma.àˈbá]. | ||
===W Ablaut=== | |||
The W Ablaut is a morpho-phonological process that appears throughout Saxuma inflections. It performs the following vowel transformations: | |||
* a → aw if stressed, → o if unstressed | |||
* i → yu | |||
* u → ū | |||
* e → yo | |||
* o → ō | |||
==Orthography== | ==Orthography== | ||
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===Script=== | ===Script=== | ||
== | ==Morphology== | ||
===Pronouns=== | |||
===Nominal Morphology=== | |||
=== | ====Construct Case==== | ||
====Gender==== | |||
===Verb | ===Verb Morphology=== | ||
There are nine verb classes in modern Saxuma, most of which can be immediately determined by looking at the word itself, though some must be learned. | There are nine verb classes in modern Saxuma, most of which can be immediately determined by looking at the word itself, though some must be learned. | ||