Neck Thai: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 23:35, 17 March 2016
| Neck Thai | |
|---|---|
| Nékthijʔ dòai | |
 | |
| Pronunciation | [/nék.tʰɛ̌j ɗɔ̀ːj/] |
| Created by | IlL |
| Setting | Hussmauch |
| Native speakers | 20 million (2200 v.C.) |
Neck Thai (native name Nék-thijʔ dòai /nék.tʰăj ɗɔ̀ːj/) is a Tie–Dye language with over 50 million speakers. It is the official language of Neck Thailand (Nékthijmien)
Diachronics
Proto-Tie to Proto-Neckic
- sw-, w- > f-, v-
Proto-Neckic to Old Neck Thai
Old Neck Thai to Modern Neck Thai
Phonology
Consonants
Initials
| Labial | Alveolar | Click | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | nǃx /ŋǃ/ | ng /ŋ/ | ||||
| Plosive | plain | p /p/ | t /t/ | ǃx /ǃ/ | tj /tɕ/ | k /k/ | /ʔ/ | |
| aspirated | ph /pʰ/ | th /tʰ/ | ǃxh /ǃʰ/ | tjh /tɕʰ/ | kh /kʰ/ | |||
| implosive | b /ɓ~b/ | d /ɗ~d/ | ||||||
| Fricative | v /f/ | z /s/ | sch /ɧ/ | g /x/ | h /h/ | |||
| Approximant | w /ʋ/ | j /j/ | ||||||
| Liquid | l /l/ | r /ʀ~ʁ/ | ||||||
Allowed initial clusters: pl, phl, pr, phr, vl, vr, tr, thr, !xr, ǃxhr, kl, khl, kr, khr, kw, khw
/pʀ pʰʀ/, /tʀ tʰʀ/ and /kʀ kʰʀ/ are merged. /ǃʀ/ is often pronounced as [ǃ]. Some dialects merge /ʀ-/ and /ŋ-/ into a nasalized uvular flap /ʀ̆ⁿ/ or approximant /ʁ̃/ and also simplify all Cr clusters to C.
Finals
| Labial | Alveolar | Dorsal | Laryngeal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m [m] | n [n] | ng [ŋ] | ||
| Plosive | p [p̚] | t [t̚] | k [k̚] | ' [ʔ] | |
| App. | (uw [w]) | (i [j]) | |||
Vowels
Monophthongs
| Front | Central | Back | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | short | long | short | long | |
| Close | i /i/ | ie /iː/ | u /ʉ/ | uu /ʉː/ | œ /u/ | oe /uː/ |
| Close-mid | e /e/ | ee /eː/ | eo /ə/ | eu /ɵː/ | o /o/ | oo /oː/ |
| Open-mid | æ /ɛ/ | ae /ɛː/ | ọ /ɔ/ | oa /ɔː/ | ||
| Open | a /ɐ/ | aa /aː/ | ||||
Diphthongs
| Long | Short | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Neck Thai | IPA | Neck Thai | IPA |
| aai | /aːj/ | ij | /aj/ |
| aauw | /aːw/ | ouw | /aw/ |
| ia | /iːɐ/ | ia' | /iɐ/ |
| – | – | ieuw | /iw/ |
| oea | /uːɐ/ | oea' | /uɐ/ |
| oei | /uːj/ | œi | /uj/ |
| eeuw | /eːw/ | euw | /ew/ |
| aeuw | /ɛːw/ | – | – |
| ua | /ʉːɐ/ | ua' | /ʉɐ/ |
| eui | /ɵːj/ | ui | /ɵj/ |
| oai | /ɔːj/ | – | – |
| ooi | /oːj/ | oi | /oj/ |
Triphthongs
| Neck Thai | IPA |
|---|---|
| iauw | /iaw/ |
| oeai | /uaj/ |
| uai | /ʉaj/ |
Tones
Standard Neck Thai uses 5 tones.
- Mid: raa /ʀāː/ [ʀaː˧] 'easy'
- Low: ràa /ʀàː/ [ʀaː˨˩] 'loud'
- Falling: râa /ʀâː/ [ʀaː˥˩˩] 'fruit'
- High: ráa /ʀáː/ [ʀaː˥] 'white'
- Rising: raaʔ /ʀǎː/ [ʀaː˨˩˦] 'vase'
Orthography
Grammar
Pronouns
- I: khôet
- thou: òeng
- we: ngàe
Loanwords
Many Neck Thai words are Wiebian loanwords which come from all stages of Wiebian, Ancient Wiebian to modern lects. Tergetian and Whetmer are also significant sources of loanwords.
Loanwords from Ancient Wiebian:
- hét 'queen, lady' (< Ancient Wiebian Heste /ˈhɛstə/ 'wife')
Loanwords from Tergetian:
- !xheeuwʔ 'chalice' (< Tergetian ŧèabh)
Numbers
uum - 0
tjhanʔ - 1
ijʔ - 2
vòet - 3
gâai - 4
zèng - 5
!xìet - 6
vae - 7
nôea - 8
ngîat - 9
ràat - 10
jæ̂ng - 100