Linguifex

Iskel: Difference between revisions

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Line 38: Line 38:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |
!Labial
![[w:Labial_consonant|Labial]]
!Dental
![[w:dental_consonant|Dental]]
!Alveolar
![[w:alveolar_consonant|Alveolar]]
!Postalveolar
![[w:postalveolar_consonant|Postalveolar]]
!Palatal
![[w:palatal_consonant|Palatal]]
!Dorsal
![[w:dorsal_consonant|Dorsal]]
!Glottal
![[w:glottal_consonant|Glottal]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Nasal
! colspan="2" |[[w:nasal_consonant|Nasal]]
|[[w:Voiced_labiodental_nasal|ɱ]]
|[[w:Voiced_labiodental_nasal|ɱ]]
|
|
Line 55: Line 55:
|
|
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Stop
! rowspan="2" |[[w:stop_consonant|Stop]]
!Voiceless
![[w:voicelessness|Voiceless]]
|[[w:voiceless_bilabial_plosive|p]]
|[[w:voiceless_bilabial_plosive|p]]
|
|
Line 65: Line 65:
|[[w:glottal_stop|ʔ]]
|[[w:glottal_stop|ʔ]]
|-
|-
!Voiced
![[w:Voicedness|Voiced]]
|[[w:IPA_b|b]]
|[[w:IPA_b|b]]
|
|
Line 74: Line 74:
|
|
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Fricative
! rowspan="2" |[[w:Fricative|Fricative]]
!Voiceless
![[w:voicelessness|Voiceless]]
|[[w:IPA_f|f]]
|[[w:IPA_f|f]]
|[[w:voiceless_dental_fricative|θ]]
|[[w:voiceless_dental_fricative|θ]]
Line 84: Line 84:
|[[w:IPA_h|h]]
|[[w:IPA_h|h]]
|-
|-
!Voiced
![[w:Voicedness|Voiced]]
|[[w:IPA_v|v]]
|[[w:IPA_v|v]]
|[[w:voiced_dental_fricative|ð]]
|[[w:voiced_dental_fricative|ð]]
Line 93: Line 93:
|
|
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Approximant
! rowspan="2" |[[w:Approximant|Approximant]]
!Oral
![[w:oral_consonant|Oral]]
|[[w:IPA_w|w]]
|[[w:IPA_w|w]]
|
|
Line 103: Line 103:
|
|
|-
|-
!Nasal
![[w:nasal_consonant|Nasal]]
|[[w:nasalized_consonant|w̃]]
|[[w:nasalized_consonant|w̃]]
|
|
Line 112: Line 112:
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Vibrant
! colspan="2" |[[w:vibrant_consonant|Vibrant]]
|
|
|
|
Line 121: Line 121:
|
|
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Click
! rowspan="2" |[[w:click_consonant|Click]]
!Nasal
![[w:nasal_click|Nasal]]
|
|
|[[w:dental_nasal_click|ŋ͡ʇ]]
|[[w:dental_nasal_click|ŋ͡ʇ]]
Line 131: Line 131:
|
|
|-
|-
!Tenuis
![[w:tenuis_consonant|Tenuis]]
|
|
|[[w:tenuis_dental_click|k͡ʇ]]
|[[w:tenuis_dental_click|k͡ʇ]]
Line 143: Line 143:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!
!
!Front
![[w:Front_vowel|Front]]
!Near-Front
![[w:Near-Front_vowel|Near-Front]]
!Near-Back
![[w:Near-Back_vowel|Near-Back]]
!Back
![[w:Back_vowel|Back]]
|-
|-
!Close
![[w:Close_vowel|Close]]
|[[w:IPA_i|i]]
|[[w:IPA_i|i]]
|[[w:near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel|ɪ]]
|[[w:near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel|ɪ]]
Line 154: Line 154:
|[[w:IPA_u|u]]
|[[w:IPA_u|u]]
|-
|-
!Mid
![[w:Mid_vowel|Mid]]
|[[w:IPA_e|e]]
|[[w:IPA_e|e]]
|[[w:mid_central_vowel|ə]]
|[[w:mid_central_vowel|ə]]
Line 160: Line 160:
|[[w:IPA_o|o]]
|[[w:IPA_o|o]]
|-
|-
!Open
![[w:Open_vowel|Open]]
|[[w:IPA_a|a]]
|[[w:IPA_a|a]]
|
|
Line 172: Line 172:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |Labial
! rowspan="2" |[[w:Labial_consonant|Labial]]
! rowspan="2" |Dental
! rowspan="2" |[[w:dental_consonant|Dental]]
! colspan="2" |Alveolar
! colspan="2" |[[w:alveolar_consonant|Alveolar]]
! rowspan="2" |Palatal
! rowspan="2" |[[w:palatal_consonant|Palatal]]
! rowspan="2" |Uvular
! rowspan="2" |[[w:Uvular_consonant|Uvular]]
! rowspan="2" |Glottal
! rowspan="2" |[[w:glottal_consonant|Glottal]]
|-
|-
!Median
![[w:median_consonant|Median]]
!Lateral
![[w:Lateral_consonant|Lateral]]
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Nasal
! rowspan="2" |[[w:nasal_consonant|Nasal]]
!Unrounded
!Plain
|m
|[[w:IPA_m|m]]
|
|
|n
|[[w:Voiced_alveolar_nasal|n]]
|
|
|ɲ
|[[w:Voiced_palatal_nasal|ɲ]]
|ɴ
|[[w:voiced_uvular_nasal|ɴ]]
|
|
|-
|-
!Rounded
![[w:labialization|Labialized]]
|mʷ
|[[w:labialization|mʷ]]
|
|
|nʷ
|[[w:labialization|nʷ]]
|
|
|ɲʷ
|[[w:labialization|ɲʷ]]
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Plosive
! rowspan="2" |[[w:Plosive_consonant|Plosive]]
!Voiceless
![[w:voicelessness|Voiceless]]
|p
|[[w:voiceless_bilabial_plosive|p]]
|
|
|t
|[[w:Voiceless_alveolar_plosive|t]]
|
|
|
|
|q
|[[w:voiceless_uvular_plosive|q]]
|
|
|-
|-
!Voiced
![[w:Voicedness|Voiced]]
|b
|[[w:IPA_b|b]]
|
|
|
|
Line 220: Line 220:
|
|
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Affricate
! rowspan="2" |[[w:Affricate_consonant|Affricate]]
!Voiceless
![[w:voicelessness|Voiceless]]
|
|
|
|
|t͡s
|[[w:voiceless_alveolar_affricate|t͡s]]
|
|
|
|
Line 230: Line 230:
|
|
|-
|-
!Voiced
![[w:Voicedness|Voiced]]
|
|
|
|
|d͡z
|[[w:Voiced_alveolar_affricate|d͡z]]
|
|
|
|
Line 239: Line 239:
|
|
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Fricative
! rowspan="2" |[[w:Fricative|Fricative]]
!Voiceless
![[w:voicelessness|Voiceless]]
|ɸ
|[[w:voiceless_bilabial_fricative|ɸ]]
|θ
|[[w:voiceless_dental_fricative|θ]]
|s
|[[w:IPA_s|s]]
|ɬ
|[[w:voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative|ɬ]]
|ç
|[[w:voiceless_palatal_fricative|ç]]
|χ
|[[w:voiceless_uvular_fricative|χ]]
|h
|[[w:IPA_h|h]]
|-
|-
!Voiced
![[w:Voicedness|Voiced]]
|β
|[[w:voiced_bilabial_fricative|β]]
|ð
|[[w:voiced_dental_fricative|ð]]
|z
|[[w:IPA_z|z]]
|
|
|ʝ
|[[w:voiced_palatal_fricative|ʝ]]
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Glide
! colspan="2" |[[w:glide_consonant|Glide]]
|w
|[[w:IPA_w|w]]
|
|
|ɾ
|[[w:voiced_alveolar_tap|ɾ]]
|l
|[[w:IPA_l|l]]
|j
|[[w:IPA_j|j]]
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Trill
! colspan="2" |[[w:Trill_consonant|Trill]]
|
|
|
|
|r
|[[w:voiced_alveolar_trill|r]]
|
|
|
|
|ʀ
|[[w:voiced_uvular_trill|ʀ]]
|
|
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" |Click
! rowspan="3" |[[w:click_consonant|Click]]
!Nasal
![[w:nasal_click|Nasal]]
|
|
|ŋ͡ʇ
|[[w:dental_nasal_click|ŋ͡ʇ]]
|ŋ͡ǃ¡
|[[w:nasal_alveolar_click|ŋ͡ǃ¡]]
|
|
|ŋ͡ǂ
|[[w:nasal_palatal_click|ŋ͡ǂ]]
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
!Aspirated
![[w:Aspirated_consonant|Aspirated]]
|
|
|k͡ʇʰ
|[[w:aspirated_consonant|k͡ʇʰ]]
|
|
|
|
Line 295: Line 295:
|
|
|-
|-
!Tenuis
![[w:tenuis_consonant|Tenuis]]
|
|
|k͡ʇ
|[[w:tenuis_dental_click|k͡ʇ]]
|k͡ǃ¡
|[[w:tenuis_alveolar_click|k͡ǃ¡]]
|k͡ǁ
|[[w:tenuis_lateral_click|k͡ǁ]]
|k͡ǂ
|[[w:tenuis_palatal_click|k͡ǂ]]
|
|
|
|
Line 307: Line 307:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |Front
! rowspan="2" |[[w:Front_vowel|Front]]
! colspan="2" |Back
! colspan="2" |[[w:Back_vowel|Back]]
|-
|-
!Unrounded
!Unrounded
!Rounded
![[w:Rounded_vowel|Rounded]]
|-
|-
!Close
![[w:Close_vowel|Close]]
|i
|[[w:IPA_i|i]]
|ɯ
|[[w:close_back_unrounded_vowel|ɯ]]
|u
|[[w:IPA_u|u]]
|-
|-
!Close-Mid
![[w:close-mid_vowel|Close-Mid]]
|e
|[[w:IPA_e|e]]
|ɤ
|[[w:close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel|ɤ]]
|o
|[[w:IPA_o|o]]
|-
|-
!Open-Mid
![[w:open-mid_vowel|Open-Mid]]
|ɛ
|[[w:open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel|ɛ]]
|
|
|ɔ
|[[w:open-mid_back_rounded_vowel|ɔ]]
|-
|-
!Open
![[w:Open_vowel|Open]]
|a
|[[w:IPA_a|a]]
|
|
|ɑ
|[[w:open_back_unrounded_vowel|ɑ]]
|}
|}
All vowels can be long.  
All vowels can be long.  
Line 339: Line 339:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |
!Bilabial
![[w:Bilabial_consonant|Bilabial]]
!Bidental
![[w:Bidental_consonant|Bidental]]
!Alveolar
![[w:alveolar_consonant|Alveolar]]
!Retroflex
![[w:retroflex_consonant|Retroflex]]
!Palatal
![[w:palatal_consonant|Palatal]]
!Guttural
![[w:Guttural_consonant|Guttural]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Nasal
! colspan="2" |[[w:nasal_consonant|Nasal]]
|m
|[[w:IPA_m|m]]
|
|
|
|
|ɳ
|[[w:voiced_retroflex_nasal|ɳ]]
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Stop
! rowspan="2" |[[w:stop_consonant|Stop]]
!Voiceless
![[w:voicelessness|Voiceless]]
|pʰ
|pʰ
|
|
|t͡s
|[[w:voiceless_alveolar_affricate|t͡s]]
|
|
|c
|[[w:IPA_c|c]]
|ʔ
|[[w:glottal_stop|ʔ]]
|-
|-
!Voiced
![[w:Voicedness|Voiced]]
|
|
|
|
|d͡z
|[[w:Voiced_alveolar_affricate|d͡z]]
|
|
|ɟ
|[[w:voiced_palatal_plosive|ɟ]]
|ɢ
|[[w:voiced_uvular_plosive|ɢ]]
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Fricative
! rowspan="2" |[[w:Fricative|Fricative]]
!Voiceless
![[w:voicelessness|Voiceless]]
|ɸ
|[[w:voiceless_bilabial_fricative|ɸ]]
|
|
|s
|[[w:IPA_s|s]]
|ʂ
|[[w:voiceless_retroflex_fricative|ʂ]]
|ʃ
|[[w:voiceless_palato-alveolar_fricative|ʃ]]
|x
|[[w:IPA_x|x]]
|-
|-
!Voiced
![[w:Voicedness|Voiced]]
|β
|[[w:voiced_bilabial_fricative|β]]
|
|
|z
|[[w:IPA_z|z]]
|ʐ
|[[w:voiced_retroflex_fricative|ʐ]]
|ʝ
|[[w:voiced_palatal_fricative|ʝ]]
|ɣ
|[[w:voiced_velar_fricative|ɣ]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Approximant
! colspan="2" |[[w:Approximant|Approximant]]
|
|
|
|
|ɹ
|[[w:voiced_alveolar_approximant|ɹ]]
|ɭ
|[[w:voiced_retroflex_lateral_approximant|ɭ]]
|j
|[[w:voiced_palatal_approximant|j]]
|ɰ
|[[w:voiced_velar_approximant|ɰ]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Vibrant
! colspan="2" |[[w:vibrant_consonant|Vibrant]]
|ʙ
|[[w:voiced_bilabial_trill|ʙ]]
|
|
|r
|[[w:voiced_alveolar_trill|r]]
|ɽ
|[[w:voiced_retroflex_flap|ɽ]]
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Glottalic
! rowspan="2" |[[w:Glottalic_consonant|Glottalic]]
!Voiceless
![[w:voicelessness|Voiceless]]
|pʼ
|[[w:bilabial_ejective|pʼ]]
|
|
|
|
|ʂʼ
|[[w:retroflex_ejective_fricative|ʂʼ]]
|
|
|kʼ
|[[w:velar_ejective|kʼ]]
|-
|-
!Voiced
![[w:Voicedness|Voiced]]
|
|
|
|
Line 419: Line 419:
|
|
|
|
|ʛ
|[[w:voiced_uvular_implosive|ʛ]]
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Click
! rowspan="2" |[[w:click_consonant|Click]]
!Nasal
![[w:nasal_click|Nasal]]
|
|
|
|
|ŋ͡ǁ
|[[w:nasal_lateral_click|ŋ͡ǁ]]
|ŋ͡ǃ
|[[w:nasal_alveolar_click|ŋ͡ǃ]]
|
|
|m͡ʞ
|[[w:nasal_velar_click|m͡ʞ]]
|-
|-
!Tenuis
![[w:tenuis_consonant|Tenuis]]
|
|
|
|
|k͡ǁ
|[[w:tenuis_lateral_click|k͡ǁ]]
|k͡ǃ
|[[w:tenuis_alveolar_click|k͡ǃ]]
|
|
|m̥͡ʞ
|[[w:velar_click|m̥͡ʞ]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Percussive
! colspan="2" |[[w:Percussive_consonant|Percussive]]
|
|
|ʭ
|[[w:bidental_percussive|ʭ]]
|
|
|
|
Line 449: Line 449:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |Front
! rowspan="2" |[[w:Front_vowel|Front]]
! rowspan="2" |Central
! rowspan="2" |[[w:Central_vowel|Central]]
! colspan="2" |Back
! colspan="2" |[[w:Back_vowel|Back]]
|-
|-
!Unrounded
!Unrounded
!Rounded
![[w:Rounded_vowel|Rounded]]
|-
|-
!Nasal
![[w:nasal_vowel|Nasal]]
|
|
|
|
|ɯ̰̤̃́ːː
|[[w:nasal_vowel|ɯ̰̤̃́ːː]]
|
|
|-
|-
!High
![[w:High_vowel|High]]
|ɪ
|[[w:near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel|ɪ]]
|ə
|[[w:mid_central_vowel|ə]]
|ɯ
|[[w:close_back_unrounded_vowel|ɯ]]
|ʊ
|[[w:near-close_near-back_rounded_vowel|ʊ]]
|-
|-
!Mid
![[w:mid_vowel|Mid]]
|ɛ
|[[w:open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel|ɛ]]
|œ
|[[w:open-mid_front_rounded_vowel|œ]]
|ʌ
|[[w:open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel|ʌ]]
|ɔ
|[[w:open-mid_back_rounded_vowel|ɔ]]
|-
|-
!Low
![[w:Low_vowel|Low]]
|
|
|
|
|ɑ
|[[w:open_back_unrounded_vowel|ɑ]]
|
|
|}
|}
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