Naeng

Naeng is a language spoken by the Naeng people in Hussmauch. It is inspired by Naquian and Hmong.

Phonology

Consonants

43 consonants.

m n nr ŋ lŋ b d dl dx dxr g ġ ' p t tł tr tłr k q p' t' tl' tr tr' k' q' f s sr łh łr kh qh h v z zr x xr gh w r y l

Naeng consonants

		Labial	Dental		Retroflex		Palatal	Velar	Lab.-phar. uvular	Glottal
			central	lateral	central	lateral
Nasal		m m	n n̪		nr ɳ			ŋ ŋ	lŋ ɴʷˁ
Stop	lenis	b p	d t̪	dl t̪ɬ̪	dr ʈ	dlr ʈꞎ		g k	ġ qʷˁ	' ʔ
	aspirated	p pˑʰ	t t̪ˑʰ	tl t̪ɬ̪ˑʰ	tr ʈˑʰ	tlr ʈꞎˑʰ		k kˑʰ	q qʷˁˑʰ
	ejective	p' pʼ	t' t̪ʼ	tl' t̪ɬ̪ʼ	tr' ʈʼ	tlr' ʈꞎʼ		k' kʼ	q' qʷˁʼ
Fricative	fortis	f fˑ	s s̻ˑ	ł ɬ̪ˑ	sr ʂˑ	łr ꞎˑ		kh xˑ	qh χʷˁˑ	h h
	lenis	v v̊	z z̻̊	x ɮ̪̊	zr ʐ̊	xr ɮ̊˞		gh ɣ̊
Approximant					r ɽ~ɭ		y j		l ʁʷˁ

Use interpunct · to separate digraphs

Notes

• The lenis stops /p t tɬ ʈ ʈꞎ k qʷˁ/ are short compared to the aspirated stops /pˑʰ tˑʰ tɬˑʰ ʈˑʰ ʈꞎˑʰ kˑʰ qʷˁˑʰ/. Between voiced sounds they may be semi-voiced, the lateral affricates /tɬ ʈꞎ/ in particular being voiced in the stop phase of the articulation [dɬ ɖꞎ].
• The lenis fricatives /f s ɬ ʂ ꞎ x/ are short compared to the fortis fricatives /fˑ sˑ ɬˑ ʂˑ ꞎˑ xˑ χʷˁˑ/.
• The retroflex nasal and stops are subapico-palatal. The retroflex fricatives are laminal post-alveolar.
• /ə/ followed by /m n ɳ ŋ ɭ/ are pronounced as syllabic consonants (similar to Tigall): [m̩ n̩ ɳ̩ ŋ̍ ɭ̩].

Vowels

Naeng has 5 oral and 5 nasal vowels.

i u e ẁ a ii uu ee ẁẁ aa /i ʊ e ə ɐ iⁿ ʊⁿ eⁿ əⁿ ɐⁿ/ (IPA superscript indicates nasal vowels)

Tones

Every syllable may have either high tone or low tone. High tone is marked with an acute accent (high tone /ə́/ is transcribed as ẃ).

Phonotactics

Only V, CV, CVC allowed. Allowed syllable-final consonants: m n ɳ ŋ b d dɮ ɖ ɖɮʵ ɡ ʔ pʼ tʼ tɬʼ ʈʼ ʈɬʵʼ kʼ f s ʂ ɬ ɬʵ x w ɭ j