Cwengâr: Difference between revisions

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{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg"  style="align:center;
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg"  style="align:center;
!|Blackbird's Song
!|Blackbird's Song
!|Ôsa nGwecwâr  
!|Ôsha nGwecwâr  
!|Péladí ba Gécir
!|Péladí ba Gécir
|-
|-
|A Blackbird sings
|A Blackbird sings
|Dengecwâr ôsa,
|Tengecwâr ôsha,
|Gécir di ba édhí
|Gécir di ba édhí
|-
|-
|To me of my youth
|To me of my youth
|a ny gwô dy asâ,
|a ny gwô dy ashâ,
|del di me pél adhí
|del di me pél adhí
|-
|-
|For my loaf of bread
|For my loaf of bread
|pon lhecw dy nanâr.
|pen lhecw dy nanâr.
|pon di ba tenira.
|pon di ba tenira.
|-
|-
|It is a song of my youth
|It is a song of my youth
|De ât asâ angecwâr.
|Te ât ashâ angecwâr.
|Té ítibh cu éndhí ba gécira,
|Té ítibh cu éndhí ba gécira,
|-
|-
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|-
|-
|So long as the harp sings
|So long as the harp sings
|Dengecwâr ôsa o ôrôdon,
|Tengecwâr ôsha o ôrhôdon,
|In gécir tol ítibh me aradon
|In gécir tol ítibh me aradon
|-
|-
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!!Verbs
!!Verbs


De*-Present Progressive/Past
Te*-Present Progressive/Past
Lô-Will
Lô-Will
Cwyy- Should
Cwyy- Should
Ma- Want
Ma- Want


*De on its own usually implies an action that has taken place consistantly over time. If it is a thing that happened but is not happening currently, a time is specificed after, or else "gwô 'ogw" [at another time] is used.
*Te on its own usually implies an action that has taken place consistantly over time. If it is a thing that happened but is not happening currently, a time is specificed after, or else "gwô 'ogw" [at another time] is used.


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Revision as of 05:47, 30 April 2013

Blackbird's Song Ôsha nGwecwâr Péladí ba Gécir
A Blackbird sings Tengecwâr ôsha, Gécir di ba édhí
To me of my youth a ny gwô dy ashâ, del di me pél adhí
For my loaf of bread pen lhecw dy nanâr. pon di ba tenira.
It is a song of my youth Te ât ashâ angecwâr. Té ítibh cu éndhí ba gécira,
Of flowing white rivers Cwâ negw berôd lhanàr Cór nég bérad lenár
Of high, dark caverns Cwâ pel lelycw c’hylàr Cór níl pél nilár
So long as the harp sings Tengecwâr ôsha o ôrhôdon, In gécir tol ítibh me aradon
I shant forget these things yn afongâm me en c’hón. Tel calím me di ce én chon.


Background

Gwelh C'hâr represents a contemporary sibling language to Fén Ghír. As Fén Ghír draws heavily of Irish Gaelic influence for spelling, phonetics and to some degree grammar, Gwelh c'hâr serves as a Bythronic equivalent, drawing heavily on Welsh and Breton. Root words are unique and Grammar is fairly simple sharing much still with Fén Ghír. However, words are slight more prone to mutation and grammatical compounding in Gwelh C'hâr.

Vocabularly is largely similar, though words have different connotations. For example, Cún [Fén: Law, Promise, Vow] has become Gwŷn and now mostly fills the Bér in Fén as a general Superlative like "Good". Cún in the sense of Promise has become Gwŷn C'hâr[af] or "Just Word[s]".

This is my first project for creating a related language and in general, I hope that it surpasses the original to some degree.

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Phonology

Consonants

Bilabial Labio-dental Dental Alveolar Post-alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal Epiglottal Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ
Plosive b/p t/d q/ɢ
Fricative f/v ʃ/ʒ x/ɣ
Affricate
Approximant h
Trill r ʀ
Flap or tap
Lateral fric. l ʎ
Lateral app.
Lateral flap


Vowels

Front Near-front Central Near-back Back
Close y
Near-close Y
Close-mid e ɤ
Mid ə
Open-mid ɛ ʌ
Near-open
Open a ä ɑ

Phonotactics

Gwelh C'hâr avoids vowel and consonant clusters as a general rule. Consonant clusters are resolved by dropping the first consonant while the latter is lenitioned. Vowel clusters are usually separate words.

Orthography

Gwelh C'hâr spelling corresponds to IPA with these exceptions; ŋ is spelt ng as in English. q is spelt cw, ɢ is spelt gw. This is convention based off the Breton, if a Gwelh C'hâr script is invented, they will not be diaphongs. f is spelt ff, v is spelt f, inspired by Welsh. ʃ is spelt sh, ʒ is spelt s, based off the above relation. It's tempting to use "ss" but "sh" is more conventional. x is spelt c'h, ɣ is spelt g'h, inspired by Breton. ʀ is spelt rh at the beginning of the word, rr elsewhere for aesthetic reasons. Rh at all points is acceptable but looks off to me personally. ʎ is spelt lh, inspired by Breton.

y is spelt ŷ Y is spelt y e is spelt â ə is spelt à or a. ɛ is spelt e a is spelt a ɤ is spelt ê ʌ is spelt u ä is spelt ô ɑ is spelt o


Grammar

Morphology

!!Feminine/Masculine Distinction

Gwelh C'hâr bases masculine/feminine distinctions on the first vowel in a word, which modifies the preceding consonant of the word [if any] and the final consonant of the word preceding it.

ê, u, o, ô are masculine.

ŷ, â, e, y are feminine.

a is usually feminine, but is prone to exceptions, particularly when it is representing the ə/à sound.

If the vowel is masculine, the preceding consonant is unvoiced. If Feminine, the consonant is voiced. r and l also agree with feminine vowels, while rh and lh agree with masculine ones.

!! Mutations.

A "Hard" Mutation occurs in either verbs which are modifed by auxilaries or else a possessed object which are possessed.

A "Soft" Mutation occurs in a noun that is either described or quantified.

Unmutated Soft Hard
m f/ff
p ff m
b f m
ff ' b
f ' p
n sh/s
t sh n
d s n
sh h t
s h d
ng c'h/g'h
cw c'h ng
gw g'h ng
c'h h cw
g'h h gw

!!Verbs

Te*-Present Progressive/Past Lô-Will Cwyy- Should Ma- Want

  • Te on its own usually implies an action that has taken place consistantly over time. If it is a thing that happened but is not happening currently, a time is specificed after, or else "gwô 'ogw" [at another time] is used.

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Syntax