Gothedish: Difference between revisions

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==Phonology==
==Phonology==
===Orthography===
===Orthography===
'''(UNDER CONSTRUCTION)'''


Gothedish can be written in various orthographies. The most commonly used is the Latin alphabet, followed by Arabic and Gothic.
Gothedish can be written in various orthographies. The most commonly used is the Latin alphabet, followed by Arabic and Gothic.
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!width=100| <center>Latin</center> !!width=100| <center> IPA </center> !!width=100| <center>Arabic </center> !!width=100| <center>Gothic</center> !!width=100| <center>New Gothic</center>  
!width=100| <center>Latin</center> !!width=100| <center> IPA </center> !!width=100| <center>Arabic </center> !!width=100| <center>Gothic</center> !!width=100| <center>New Gothic</center>  
|-
|-
|  <center>A a</center> || <center>ʌ, ɑ(ː)<sup>1</sup></center> || <big><big><center>ــَـ ، ــَا</center></big></big> || <center>𐌰</center> || <center>A a</center>
|  <center>A a</center> || <center>ʌ, a(ː)<sup>1</sup></center> || <big><big><center>ــَـ ، ــَا</center></big></big> || <center>𐌰</center> || <center>A a</center>
|-
|-
|  <center>Á á</center> || <center>ɑ(ː)<sup>1</sup></center> || <big><big><center> ــَا</center></big></big> || <center>𐌰</center> || <center>Ā ā</center>
|  <center>Á á</center> || <center>a(ː)<sup>1</sup></center> || <big><big><center> ــَا</center></big></big> || <center>𐌰</center> || <center>Ā ā</center>
|-
|-
|  <center>Ä ä</center> || <center>æ, ɛ(ː)<sup>1</sup></center> || <big><big><center>ــًـ ، ــًا</center></big></big> || <center>𐌰𐌹</center> || <center>Ai ai</center>
|  <center>Ä ä</center> || <center>æ, ɛ(ː)<sup>1</sup></center> || <big><big><center>ــًـ ، ــًا</center></big></big> || <center>𐌰𐌹</center> || <center>Ai ai</center>
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|-
|-
|  <center>B b</center> || <center>b, -f, -p<sup>2</sup></center> || <center>ب </center> || <center>𐌱</center> || <center>B b</center>
|  <center>B b</center> || <center>b, -f, -p<sup>2</sup></center> || <center>ب </center> || <center>𐌱</center> || <center>B b</center>
|-
|  <center>Bj bj</center> || <center>d͡ʒ, -ʃ, -t͡ʃ<sup>2</sup></center> || <big><big><center>ج </center></big></big> || <center>𐌱𐌾</center> || <center>Bg bg</center>
|-
|  <center>C c <sup>3</sup></center> || <center>k, t͡s</center> || <center>–</center> || <center>–</center> || <center>–</center>
|-
|  <center>Ch ch</center> || <center>x</center> || <big><big><center>خ </center></big></big> || <center>𐍇</center> || <center>X x</center>
|-
|-
|-
|  <center>Bj bj</center> || <center>d͡ʒ, -ʃ, -t͡ʃ<sup>2</sup></center> || <big><big><center>ج </center></big></big> || <center>𐌱𐌾</center> || <center>Bg bg</center>
|  <center>Bj bj</center> || <center>d͡ʒ, -ʃ, -t͡ʃ<sup>2</sup></center> || <big><big><center>ج </center></big></big> || <center>𐌱𐌾</center> || <center>Bg bg</center>
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<small><sup>1</sup></small> Unmarked vowels by default are lengthened in stressed “unchecked syllables” (i.e. followed by no more than one consonant) and shortened otherwise. If a checked vowel is long, it is marked with an acute accent. If a stressed, unchecked vowel is short, it is indicated by doubling the following consonant. Note that the distinction between long and short vowels is actually more in quality than length.
<small><sup>1</sup></small> Unmarked vowels are lengthened by default in “unchecked" syllables (i.e. stressed and followed by no more than one consonant) and are shortened otherwise. Short unchecked vowels are indicated by doubling the following consonant, and long checked vowels are indicated with special long forms. Loanwords often do not conform to these rules.


<small><sup>2</sup></small> The voiced stops <b(j)>, <d(j)>, and <g(j)> are devoiced at the end of words. They become voiceless stops after a consonant (in the case of <d(j)> and <g(j)>) or a nasal (in the case of <b(j)>). Otherwise, they become voiceless fricatives. Palatalized <g> (/j/), which is always preceded by a vowel, becomes /ʃ/.
<small><sup>2</sup></small> The voiced stops <b(j)>, <d(j)>, and <g(j)> are devoiced at the end of words. They become voiceless stops after a consonant (in the case of <d(j)> and <g(j)>) or a nasal (in the case of <b(j)>). Otherwise, they become voiceless fricatives. Palatalized <g> (/j/), which is always preceded by a vowel, becomes /ʃ/.

Revision as of 22:37, 29 December 2016


Introduction

Gothedish is a descendant of Gothic. It is spoken by the Gothede. Its most distinctive feature is extensive palatalization, which is most likely due to Slavic influence.

Phonology

Orthography

Gothedish can be written in various orthographies. The most commonly used is the Latin alphabet, followed by Arabic and Gothic.

Latin
IPA
Arabic
Gothic
New Gothic
A a
ʌ, a(ː)1
ــَـ ، ــَا
𐌰
A a
Á á
a(ː)1
ــَا
𐌰
Ā ā
Ä ä
æ, ɛ(ː)1
ــًـ ، ــًا
𐌰𐌹
Ai ai
Ea ea
ɛ(ː)1
ــًا
𐌰𐌹
Āi āi
B b
b, -f, -p2
ب
𐌱
B b
Bj bj
d͡ʒ, -ʃ, -t͡ʃ2
ج
𐌱𐌾
Bg bg
C c 3
k, t͡s
Ch ch
x
خ
𐍇
X x
Bj bj
d͡ʒ, -ʃ, -t͡ʃ2
ج
𐌱𐌾
Bg bg
C c 3
k, t͡s
Ch ch
x
خ
𐍇
X x

1 Unmarked vowels are lengthened by default in “unchecked" syllables (i.e. stressed and followed by no more than one consonant) and are shortened otherwise. Short unchecked vowels are indicated by doubling the following consonant, and long checked vowels are indicated with special long forms. Loanwords often do not conform to these rules.

2 The voiced stops <b(j)>, <d(j)>, and <g(j)> are devoiced at the end of words. They become voiceless stops after a consonant (in the case of <d(j)> and <g(j)>) or a nasal (in the case of <b(j)>). Otherwise, they become voiceless fricatives. Palatalized <g> (/j/), which is always preceded by a vowel, becomes /ʃ/.

3 In loanwords.

Consonants

Vowels

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources