User:Frrurtu/Sandbox2: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
(→Verbs) |
(→Verbs) |
||
| Line 117: | Line 117: | ||
| ''*apa-'' | | ''*apa-'' | ||
| ''*abam-'' | | ''*abam-'' | ||
| ''* | | ''*papa-'' | ||
| ''* | | ''*babam-'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Present | !Present | ||
| Line 128: | Line 128: | ||
| ''*khem-'' | | ''*khem-'' | ||
| ''*narda-'' | | ''*narda-'' | ||
| ''* | | ''*nardam-'' | ||
| ''*arda-'' | | ''*arda-'' | ||
| ''* | | ''*sardam-'' | ||
| ''* | | ''*rdarda-'' | ||
| ''* | | ''*rdardam-'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Future | !Future | ||
| Line 145: | Line 145: | ||
| ''*kerdi-'' | | ''*kerdi-'' | ||
| ''*mirdi-'' | | ''*mirdi-'' | ||
| ''* | | ''*rdirdi-'' | ||
| ''* | | ''*mirdi-'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!Gerund/<br>Infinitive | !Gerund/<br>Infinitive | ||
| Line 159: | Line 159: | ||
| ''*âkârd-'' | | ''*âkârd-'' | ||
| ''*âmâm-'' | | ''*âmâm-'' | ||
| ''* | | ''*ârdârd-'' | ||
| ''* | | ''*âmâm-'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 06:05, 24 February 2017
Phonology
Consonants
Proto-North-Rttirrian possessed the following consonants:
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal- alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | Retroflex | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | *m /m/ | *n /n/ | *rn /ɳ/ | |||
| Plosive | *p /p/ *b /b/ |
*t /t/ *d /d/ |
*k /k/ *g /g/ |
*rt /ʈ/ *rd /ɖ/ | ||
| Fricative | *f /ɸ/ *v /β/ |
*s /s/ *z /z/ |
*sh /ʃ/ *zh /ʒ/ |
|||
| Approximant | *y /j/ | *rl /ɭ/ *rr /ɻ/ |
Vowels
The following vowels had evolved from the much simpler system of Proto-Rttirrian:
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | *i /i/ | *u /u/ | |
| Mid-high | *e /e/ | *o /o/ | |
| Low-mid | *â /ɔ/ | ||
| Low | *a /ä/ |
Grammar
Verbs
The following verb prefixes are reconstructed:
| Verb Form I | Verb Form II | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |||||||
| Sing. | Pl. | Sing. | Pl. | Sing. | Pl. | Sing. | Pl. | Sing. | Pl. | Sing. | Pl. | |
| Past | *mo- | *mom- | *ap- | *am- | *bo- | *bom- | *mopa- | *mobam- | *apa- | *abam- | *papa- | *babam- |
| Present | *na- | *nam- | *af- | *sam- | *khâ- | *khem- | *narda- | *nardam- | *arda- | *sardam- | *rdarda- | *rdardam- |
| Future | *ney- | *mi- | *key- | *mi- | *khe- | *mi- | *nerdi- | *mirdi- | *kerdi- | *mirdi- | *rdirdi- | *mirdi- |
| Gerund/ Infinitive |
*ân- | *âm- | *âk- | *âm- | *e- | *âm- | *ânârd- | *âmâm- | *âkârd- | *âmâm- | *ârdârd- | *âmâm- |
Nouns
The following noun suffixes are reconstructed:
| Singular | Plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | Diminutive | Normal | Diminutive | |
| Nominative | — | *-a | *-ma | *-maz |
| Accusative (vestigial) |
*-i/*-y | *-ey/*-y | *-mi | *-mizh |
The following pronouns are reconstructed:
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sing. | Pl. | Sing. | Pl. | Sing. | Pl. | |
| Nominative (emphatic) |
*natku | *napku | *atku | *satku | *âtku | *âpku |
| Accusative | *ni | *mey | *ki | *ksey | *gyo | *goy |
| Possessive noun prefix |
*na- | *mi- | *akf- | *sa- | *â- | *e- |