Emutica: Difference between revisions
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! Consonants !! Bilabial !! Labiodental !! Alveolar !! Palatal !! Velar | ! Consonants !! Bilabial !! Labiodental !! Alveolar !! Palatal !! Velar | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nasal|| '''m''' /m/ || || '''n''' /n/|| '''ɲ'' /ɲ/|| '''ŋ''' /ŋ/ | | Nasal|| '''m''' /m/ || || '''n''' /n/|| '''ɲ''' /ɲ/|| '''ŋ''' /ŋ/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Plosive || '''p''' /p/ '''b''' /b/ || || '''t''' /t/ '''d''' /d/ ||'''c''' /c/ '''j''' /ɟ/ || '''k''' /k/ '''g''' /g/ | | Plosive || '''p''' /p/ '''b''' /b/ || || '''t''' /t/ '''d''' /d/ ||'''c''' /c/ '''j''' /ɟ/ || '''k''' /k/ '''g''' /g/ | ||
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===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
Here are the vowels of Emutica, along with their orthographical representations. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Vowels !! Front !! Back | |||
|- | |||
| Close || '''i''' /i/ '''ī''' /iː/ || '''u''' /u/ '''ū''' /uː/ | |||
|- | |||
| Mid || '''e''' /e/ '''ē''' /eː/ || '''o''' /o/ '''ō''' /oː/ | |||
|- | |||
| Mid-Open || || '''õ, ũ''' /ɔ̃/ | |||
|- | |||
|Open || '''a''' /a/ '''ā''' /aː/ || '''ã, ẽ, ĩ''' /ɑ̃/ | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
====Allophonic Variation==== | |||
For the most part, the vowels are fairly stable, with the following exceptions: | |||
* Adjacent to any palatal or when /i/ occupies the following syllable, /u uː/ and /o oː/ are fronted to [y yː] and [ø øː], respectively. | |||
''ɲūyuku'' "He will break it" [ˈɲyːjʏkʉ]; ''moli'' "sword" [ˈmøli] | |||
* /e/ is lowered to /ɛ/ before nasals, but not /eː/ | |||
''tenos'' "if" [ˈtɛnos]; tēnos "water" [ˈteːnos] | |||
* When unstressed in words with 3 syllables or more, /a/, /i/, and /u/ reduce to [ɐ], [ɨ], and [ʉ], respectively. [y] is realized as [ʏ] | |||
''meçānika" "mechanic" [meçaːnɨkɐ]; ''ligosal'' "man" [lɨˈgosɐl] | |||
====Stress==== | ====Stress==== | ||
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. --> | <!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. --> | ||
===Sandhi=== | ===Sandhi=== | ||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. --> | <!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. --> | ||